Linux甯哥敤鍛戒护

Posted 2020-11-18

鏍囩锛?a href='http://www.mamicode.com/so/1/set' title='set'>set   mysql   ice   tar   ntp   font   cep   绯荤粺鏃堕棿   histsize   

centos6 iptables闃茬伀澧?/span>

娓呯┖闃茬伀澧欒鍒欙細
iptables -F

寮€鍚槻鐏锛?/span>
service iptables start

鍏抽棴闃茬伀澧欙細
service iptables stop

閲嶅惎闃茬伀澧欙細
service iptables restart

寮€鏀?0绔彛锛?/span>
iptables -I INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT

淇濆瓨闃茬伀澧欒鍒欙細
service iptables save 鎴?iptables-save

centos7 firewalld闃茬伀澧?/span>

寮€鏀緃ttpd鏈嶅姟
firewall-cmd --add-service=http
firewall-cmd --permanent --add-service=http
firewall-cmd --reload

firewalld闃茬伀澧欏紑鏀?0绔彛
firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=80/tcp --permanent    #寮€鍚?0绔彛
firewall-cmd --reload    #閲嶆柊杞藉叆
firewall-cmd --zone=public --query-port=80/tcp    #鏌ョ湅80绔彛鏄惁寮€鍚?/span>
firewall-cmd --zone=public --remove-port=80/tcp --permanent    #鍒犻櫎80绔彛
firewall-cmd --zone=public --list-ports    #鏌ョ湅鎵€鏈夋墦寮€鐨勭鍙?/span>

鍋滄銆佸惎鍔ㄥ拰閲嶅惎firewalld
鍋滄锛歴ystemctl stop firewalld
鍚姩锛歴ystemctl start firewalld
閲嶅惎锛歴ystemctl restart firewalld

鏌ョ湅CPU鐨勪釜鏁?/span>
cat /proc/cpuinfo  | grep processor

鏌ョ湅鍗曚釜cpu淇℃伅
cat /proc/cpuinfo

鏌ョ湅CPU澶у皬
cat /proc/cpuinfo |grep "model name" && cat /proc/cpuinfo |grep "physical id"

鏌ョ湅鍐呭瓨鎯呭喌
free  鈥搈

鏌ョ湅鍐呭瓨澶у皬
cat /proc/meminfo |grep MemTotal 鎴?grep MemTotal /proc/meminfo

鏌ョ湅绌洪棽鍐呭瓨
grep MemFree /proc/meminfo

鏌ョ湅鎵€鏈夌殑浜ゆ崲鍒嗗尯
swapon -s

鏌ョ湅纭洏澶у皬
fdisk -l |grep Disk

鏌ョ湅鍚勪釜鍒嗗尯浣跨敤鎯呭喌
df  -hT

鏌ョ湅绯荤粺璐熻浇纾佺洏鍜屽垎鍖?/span>
cat /proc/loadavg

鏌ョ湅鎸囧畾鐩綍鐨勫ぇ灏?/span>
du  -sh

鏌ョ湅绯荤粺鐗堟湰
cat /etc/redhat-release

鏄剧ず鎿嶄綔绯荤粺鐨勫彂琛岀増鍙?/span>
uname -r

鏄剧ず绯荤粺鍚嶃€佽妭鐐瑰悕绉般€佹搷浣滅郴缁熺殑鍙戣鐗堝彿銆佹搷浣滅郴缁熺増鏈€佽繍琛岀郴缁熺殑鏈哄櫒 ID 鍙枫€?/span>
uname -a

鏌ョ湅璁＄畻鏈虹殑鍚嶇О
hostname

Centos6 淇敼涓绘満鍚嶏紙姘镐箙淇敼锛?/span>
vim /etc/sysconfig/network

Centos7淇敼涓绘満鍚嶏紙姘镐箙淇敼锛?/span>
鏂规硶涓€锛氫慨鏀?etc/hostname鏂囦欢璁剧疆涓绘満鍚?/span>
鏂规硶浜岋細hostnamectl set-hostname xxx

鏌ョ湅鎵€鏈塒CI璁惧
lspci 鈥搕v

鏌ョ湅鎵€鏈塙SB璁惧
lsusb 鈥搕v

鏌ョ湅鍔犺浇鐨勫唴鏍告ā鍧?/span>
lsmod

鏌ョ湅鐜鍙橀噺璧勬簮
env

鏌ョ湅绯荤粺杩愯鏃堕棿銆佺敤鎴锋暟銆佽礋杞?/span>
uptime

鏌ョ湅褰撳墠绯荤粺鏃堕棿
date

鍚屾鏃堕棿
ntpdate -u ntp.api.bz    #ntp.api.bz NTP鏈嶅姟鍣紙涓婃捣锛?/span>

鏌ョ湅鏃跺尯
date -R

鏌ョ湅鎸傝浇鐨勫垎鍖虹姸鎬?/span>
mount | column -t

鏌ョ湅鎵€鏈夌綉缁滄帴鍙ｇ殑灞炴€?/span>
ifconfig

鏌ョ湅闃茬伀澧欒缃?/span>
iptables  -L

鏌ョ湅璺敱琛?/span>
route 鈥搉

鏌ョ湅443绔彛鏄惁琚崰鐢?/span>
netstat -tnl | grep 443

鏌ョ湅鎵€鏈夊凡寤虹珛鐨勮繛鎺?/span>
netstat 鈥揳ntp

鏌ョ湅鏈嶅姟鐩戝惉绔彛
netstat -atunlp | grep ssh

鏌ョ湅鏈嶅姟杩涚▼
ps -aux | grep ssh  鎴?nbsp; ps  -ef | grep  ssh

鏌ョ湅鐢ㄦ埛鐧婚檰鏃ュ織
last

鏌ョ湅褰撳墠鐢ㄦ埛鐨勮鍒掍换鍔?/span>
crontab -l

鏌ョ湅鎵€鏈夌郴缁熸湇鍔?/span>
chkconfig  --list #閫傜敤浜巆entos6
systemctl list-unit-files    #閫傜敤浜巆entos7
systemctl --type service    #閫傜敤浜巆entos7

鏌ョ湅鎵€鏈夊惎鍔ㄧ殑绯荤粺鏈嶅姟绋嬪簭
chkconfig  --list | grep on #閫傜敤浜巆entos6
systemctl list-unit-files    #閫傜敤浜巆entos7

鏌ョ湅鎸囧畾鏈嶅姟鐨勫綋鍓嶅惎鍔ㄤ俊鎭?
chkconfig --list  httpd

鏌ョ湅鎵€鏈夊畨瑁呯殑杞欢鍖?/span>
rpm -qa

缁熻宸插畨瑁呰蒋浠跺寘鐨勬暟閲?/span>
rpm -qa | wc -l

瀹炴椂鏄剧ず杩涚▼鐘舵€?/span>
top

鏌ョ湅娲诲姩鐢ㄦ埛
w

鏌ョ湅鎸囧畾鐢ㄦ埛淇℃伅
id  鐢ㄦ埛
 
#centos7 systemctl

鏌ョ湅鏈嶅姟鍚姩椤?/span>
systemctl list-unit-files

鍒楀嚭鎵€鏈夋湇鍔?/span>
systemctl list-unit-files 鈥搕ype=service

濡備綍婵€娲绘湇鍔″苟鍦ㄥ紑鏈烘椂鍚敤鎴栫鐢ㄦ湇鍔★紙鍗崇郴缁熷惎鍔ㄦ椂鑷姩鍚姩mysql.service鏈嶅姟锛?/span>
systemctl is-active mysql.service
systemctl enable mysql.service
systemctl disable mysql.service

systemctl status cron.service #鏌ョ湅瀹氭椂浠诲姟鐘舵€?/span>
 
systemctl stop cron.service   #鍏抽棴瀹氭椂浠诲姟
 
systemctl status cron.service  #鏌ョ湅鎿嶄綔鎯呭喌
 
systemctl  list-unit-files|grep enable  #鏌ョ湅褰撳墠姝ｅ湪杩愯鐨勬湇鍔?/span>
 
systemctl   disable postfix.service #鍏抽棴閭欢鏈嶅姟
 
systemctl  list-unit-files|grep postfix #鏌ョ湅閭欢鏈嶅姟鏄惁寮€鍚?/span>
 
systemctl stop firewalld.service #鍏抽棴闃茬伀澧?/span>
 
systemctl  is-enable #寮€鍚殑鏈嶅姟
 
systemctl  disable   #鍏抽棴鐨勬湇鍔?/span>

鏌ョ湅nfs鏈嶅姟寮€鏈哄惎鍔ㄦ槸鍚︼細
systemctl is-enabled nfs.service

浣跨敤systemctl鍛戒护鏉€姝绘湇鍔★細
systemctl killcrond

涓存椂淇敼selinux锛?/span>
setenforce  0|1

鏌ョ湅selinux鐘舵€侊細
getenforce

姘镐箙鍏抽棴selinux锛?/span>
sed  -i  鈥?SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/g鈥?/etc/sysconfig/selinux

鏌ョ湅绯荤粺杩愯绾у埆
runlevel 鎴?who  -r

Linux绯荤粺鏈?涓繍琛岀骇鍒?runlevel)
杩愯绾у埆0锛氱郴缁熷仠鏈虹姸鎬侊紝绯荤粺榛樿杩愯绾у埆涓嶈兘璁句负0锛屽惁鍒欎笉鑳芥甯稿惎鍔?/span>
杩愯绾у埆1锛氬崟鐢ㄦ埛宸ヤ綔鐘舵€侊紝root鏉冮檺锛岀敤浜庣郴缁熺淮鎶わ紝绂佹杩滅▼鐧婚檰
杩愯绾у埆2锛氬鐢ㄦ埛鐘舵€?娌℃湁NFS)
杩愯绾у埆3锛氬畬鍏ㄧ殑澶氱敤鎴风姸鎬?鏈塏FS)锛岀櫥闄嗗悗杩涘叆鎺у埗鍙板懡浠よ妯″紡
杩愯绾у埆4锛氱郴缁熸湭浣跨敤锛屼繚鐣?/span>
杩愯绾у埆5锛歑11鎺у埗鍙帮紝鐧婚檰鍚庤繘鍏ュ浘褰UI妯″紡
杩愯绾у埆6锛氱郴缁熸甯稿叧闂苟閲嶅惎锛岄粯璁よ繍琛岀骇鍒笉鑳借涓?锛屽惁鍒欎笉鑳芥甯稿惎鍔?/span>
 
#centos7鏇存敼鍚姩妯″紡;

鏌ョ湅褰撳墠鏄互鍝妯″紡鍚姩鐨勶細
systemctl get-default 鎴?runlevel

涓存椂淇敼杩愯绾у埆锛?/span>
init  3

姘镐箙淇敼杩愯绾у埆锛?/span>

浠ュ懡浠よ妯″紡鍚姩锛?/span>
systemctl set-default multi-user.target

浠ュ浘褰㈠寲鐣岄潰鍚姩锛?/span>
systemctl set-default graphical.target
鏇存敼鍚巖eboot閲嶅惎鐢熸晥

centos6鏇存敼鍚姩妯″紡

浠ュ浘褰㈠寲鐣岄潰鍚姩
vim /etc/inittab
id:5:initdefault:

浠ュ懡浠よ鍚姩
id:3:initdefault:

鏌ョ湅褰撳墠PS1鐨勫畾涔夊€?/span>
set | grep PS1

淇敼鍛戒护鎻愮ず绗﹂鑹?/span>
vim  ~/.bashrc
PS1="[e[37;40m][[e[32;40m]u[e[37;40m]@h [e[36;40m]w[e[0m]]\$ "

鏌ョ湅绯荤粺鏀寔璇█
locale

鏌ョ湅褰撳墠绯荤粺璇█
echo $LANG $LANGUAGE

淇敼绯荤粺璇█锛?/span>
鏀逛负鑻辨枃
vim /etc/profile
LANG="en_US.UTF-8"
export PATH USER LOGNAME MAIL HOSTNAME HISTSIZE INPUTRC LANG

鏀逛负涓枃
vim /etc/profile
LANG="zh_CN.UTF-8"
export PATH USER LOGNAME MAIL HOSTNAME HISTSIZE INPUTRC LANG

centos7淇敼瀛楃闆嗘柟娉?/span>

鏂规硶涓€锛氱紪杈戝瓧绗﹂泦閰嶇疆鏂囦欢
/etc/locale.conf

鏂规硶浜岋細鍛戒护琛屼慨鏀瑰瓧绗﹂泦
localectl set-locale LANG=zh_CN.UTF-8
localectl status
centos6淇敼瀛楃闆嗘柟娉?/span>
/etc/sysconfig/i18n

鏌ョ湅DNS瑙ｆ瀽娴佺▼
dig +trace www.baidu.com

璺敱杩借釜
traceroute www.qq.com

鏌ョ湅nginx鑴氭湰浣嶇疆
which nginx

which鎸囦护浼氬湪PATH鍙橀噺鎸囧畾鐨勮矾寰勪腑锛屾悳绱㈡煇涓郴缁熷懡浠ょ殑浣嶇疆锛屽苟涓旇繑鍥炵涓€涓悳绱㈢粨鏋溿€?/span>
鏌ョ湅nginx閰嶇疆鏂囦欢璺緞

whereis nginx

鍦ㄥ綋鍓嶈矾寰勪笅鏌ユ壘鏂囦欢

find  nginx*

鍦ㄦ牴鐩綍涓嬫煡鎵炬枃浠?/span>
find   /   nginx

娓呴櫎鍘嗗彶璁板綍
history  -c