ubuntu16 kickstart pxe 安装系统

Posted 2020-11-17

环境
PXE网段：172.25.151.0/24
PXE网关：172.25.151.1
PXE服务器地址：172.25.151.254
PXE服务器系统 : ubuntu 16.04
DHCP地址池：172.25.151.240~172.25.151.253
PXE安装镜像ios：ubuntu-16.04.4-server-amd64
挂载目录：/mnt

首先：设置网卡1 以pxe方式启动
最后：安装完成后恢复默认启动方式。

配置：
1.安装dhcp服务器

apt-get install isc-dhcp-server

修改网卡

[email protected]:~# cat /etc/default/isc-dhcp-server  | grep -v "^#" | grep -v "^$"
INTERFACES="enp2s0"

配置dhcp地址池

[email protected]:~# cat /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf  | grep -v "^#" | grep -v "^$"                       
ddns-update-style none;
log-facility local7;
subnet 192.168.151.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
  range 192.168.151.240 192.168.151.253;
  option domain-name-servers 192.168.111.2;
  option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0;
  option routers 192.168.151.1;
  option broadcast-address 192.168.151.255;
  default-lease-time 600;
  max-lease-time 7200;
}
allow booting;
allow bootp;
option option-128 code 128 = string;
option option-129 code 129 = text;
next-server 192.168.151.254;
filename "pxelinux.0";

重启dhcp服务

systemctl restart isc-dhcp-server

2. 安装tftp服务

apt-get install tftpd-hpa

修改配置

[email protected]:~# cat /etc/default/tftpd-hpa  | grep -v "^#" | grep -v "^$"                    
TFTP_USERNAME="tftp"
TFTP_DIRECTORY="/var/lib/tftpboot"
TFTP_ADDRESS="0.0.0.0:69"
TFTP_OPTIONS="--secure"
RUN_DAEMON="yes"
OPTIONS="-l -s /var/lib/tftpboot"

3.安装Apache2

apt-get install apache2

4.拷贝及修改所需文件

mkdir /var/www/html/ubuntu
rm -fr /var/www/html/index.html
mount /dev/cdrom /mnt
cp -r /mnt/* /var/www/html/ubuntu/
cp -r /var/www/html/ubuntu/install/netboot/* /var/lib/tftpboot/

5.生成ks.cfg 文件（文件内容见最后）
6.修改部分配置
在命令行root家目录
cp ks.cfg /var/www/html/
vim /var/www/html/ks.cfg #添加安装的软件包
skipx #下面添加需要安装的软件包
%packages
openssh-server
编辑txt.cfg

[email protected]:~# cat /var/lib/tftpboot/ubuntu-installer/amd64/boot-screens/txt.cfg | grep -v "^#" | grep -v "^$"                       
default install
label install
        menu label ^Install
        menu default
        kernel ubuntu-installer/amd64/linux
        append net.ifnames=0 AND biosdevname=0 ks=http://192.168.151.254/ks.cfg vga=788 initrd=ubuntu-installer/amd64/initrd.gz live-installer/net-image=http://192.168.151.254/ubuntu/install/filesystem.squashfs
label cli
        menu label ^Command-line install
        kernel ubuntu-installer/amd64/linux
        append tasks=standard pkgsel/language-pack-patterns= pkgsel/install-language-support=false vga=788 initrd=ubuntu-installer/amd64/initrd.gz --- quiet

编辑文件default

[email protected]:~# cat /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default | grep -v "^#" | grep -v "^$"                                                             
path ubuntu-installer/amd64/boot-screens/
include ubuntu-installer/amd64/boot-screens/menu.cfg
default ubuntu-installer/amd64/boot-screens/vesamenu.c32
prompt 0
timeout 100

接下来就可以安装系统了
ks.cfg 文件内容：

#Generated by Kickstart Configurator
#platform=x86

#System language
lang en_US
#Language modules to install
langsupport zh_CN --default=en_US
#System keyboard
keyboard us
#System mouse
mouse
#System timezone
timezone --utc Asia/Shanghai
#Root password
rootpw --iscrypted $1$Ay.KmnwT$EuOQBV95hYKjITybaKFqW/
#Initial user
user web --fullname "web" --iscrypted --password $1$sQNvuINl$UytM7d0Myy1qnE8UtesTl.
#Reboot after installation
reboot
#Use text mode install
text
#Install OS instead of upgrade
install
#Use Web installation
url --url http://192.168.151.254/ubuntu
#System bootloader configuration
bootloader --location=mbr 
#Clear the Master Boot Record
zerombr yes
#Partition clearing information
clearpart --all --initlabel
#Disk partitioning information
part /boot --fstype ext4 --size 500 --asprimary
part / --fstype ext4 --size 10240 --asprimary
part swap --size 4096 --asprimary
#System authorization infomation
auth --useshadow --enablemd5
#Network information
network --bootproto=dhcp --device=eth0
#Firewall configuration
firewall --disabled
#Do not configure the X Window System
skipx
%packages
openssh-server
vim
ntp
%post
IP=$(/sbin/ifconfig |grep 192.168|grep -oP "(?<=inet addr:).*(?= Bcast)")
NAME=$(echo $IP|awk -F"." ‘{print $3$4}‘)
sed -i "/$IP/d" /etc/hosts
echo $IP SH$NAME >> /etc/hosts
hostname SH$NAME
echo SH$NAME >/etc/hostname
NET=$(/sbin/ifconfig |grep -o "inet addr:192.168[^ ]*" |awk -F. ‘{print $3}‘)

7。 以网络模式启动一台服务器进行装机

过程略。。。