VB 用api 实现 ICMP 协议 连接实例

Posted 2023-04-28

给个VB 用api 实现 ICMP 协议 连接实例
谢谢
请注意 是连接 不是PING

参考技术A vb实现ICMP连接的例子！

Option Explicit

Public Const IP_STATUS_BASE = 11000
Public Const IP_SUCCESS = 0
Public Const IP_BUF_TOO_SMALL = (11000 + 1)
Public Const IP_DEST_NET_UNREACHABLE = (11000 + 2)
Public Const IP_DEST_HOST_UNREACHABLE = (11000 + 3)
Public Const IP_DEST_PROT_UNREACHABLE = (11000 + 4)
Public Const IP_DEST_PORT_UNREACHABLE = (11000 + 5)
Public Const IP_NO_RESOURCES = (11000 + 6)
Public Const IP_BAD_OPTION = (11000 + 7)
Public Const IP_HW_ERROR = (11000 + 8)
Public Const IP_PACKET_TOO_BIG = (11000 + 9)
Public Const IP_REQ_TIMED_OUT = (11000 + 10)
Public Const IP_BAD_REQ = (11000 + 11)
Public Const IP_BAD_ROUTE = (11000 + 12)
Public Const IP_TTL_EXPIRED_TRANSIT = (11000 + 13)
Public Const IP_TTL_EXPIRED_REASSEM = (11000 + 14)
Public Const IP_PARAM_PROBLEM = (11000 + 15)
Public Const IP_SOURCE_QUENCH = (11000 + 16)
Public Const IP_OPTION_TOO_BIG = (11000 + 17)
Public Const IP_BAD_DESTINATION = (11000 + 18)
Public Const IP_ADDR_DELETED = (11000 + 19)
Public Const IP_SPEC_MTU_CHANGE = (11000 + 20)
Public Const IP_MTU_CHANGE = (11000 + 21)
Public Const IP_UNLOAD = (11000 + 22)
Public Const IP_ADDR_ADDED = (11000 + 23)
Public Const IP_GENERAL_FAILURE = (11000 + 50)
Public Const MAX_IP_STATUS = 11000 + 50
Public Const IP_PENDING = (11000 + 255)
Public Const PING_TIMEOUT = 200
Public Const WS_VERSION_REQD = &H101
Public Const WS_VERSION_MAJOR = WS_VERSION_REQD &H100 And &HFF&
Public Const WS_VERSION_MINOR = WS_VERSION_REQD And &HFF&
Public Const MIN_SOCKETS_REQD = 1
Public Const SOCKET_ERROR = -1

Public Const MAX_WSADescription = 256
Public Const MAX_WSASYSStatus = 128

Public Type ICMP_OPTIONS
Ttl As Byte
Tos As Byte
Flags As Byte
OptionsSize As Byte
OptionsData As Long
End Type

Dim ICMPOPT As ICMP_OPTIONS

Public Type ICMP_ECHO_REPLY
Address As Long
status As Long
RoundTripTime As Long
DataSize As Integer
Reserved As Integer
DataPointer As Long
Options As ICMP_OPTIONS
Data As String * 250
End Type

Public Type HOSTENT
hName As Long
hAliases As Long
hAddrType As Integer
hLen As Integer
hAddrList As Long
End Type

Public Type WSADATA
wVersion As Integer
wHighVersion As Integer
szDescription(0 To MAX_WSADescription) As Byte
szSystemStatus(0 To MAX_WSASYSStatus) As Byte
wMaxSockets As Integer
wMaxUDPDG As Integer
dwVendorInfo As Long
End Type

Public Declare Function IcmpCreateFile Lib "icmp.dll" () As Long
Public Declare Function IcmpCloseHandle Lib "icmp.dll" (ByVal IcmpHandle As Long) As Long
Public Declare Function IcmpSendEcho Lib "icmp.dll" (ByVal IcmpHandle As Long, ByVal DestinationAddress As Long, ByVal RequestData As String, ByVal RequestSize As Integer, ByVal RequestOptions As Long, ReplyBuffer As ICMP_ECHO_REPLY, ByVal ReplySize As Long, ByVal Timeout As Long) As Long
Public Declare Function WSAGetLastError Lib "WSOCK32.DLL" () As Long
Public Declare Function WSAStartup Lib "WSOCK32.DLL" (ByVal wVersionRequired As Long, lpWSADATA As WSADATA) As Long
Public Declare Function WSACleanup Lib "WSOCK32.DLL" () As Long
Public Declare Function gethostname Lib "WSOCK32.DLL" (ByVal szHost As String, ByVal dwHostLen As Long) As Long
Public Declare Function gethostbyname Lib "WSOCK32.DLL" (ByVal szHost As String) As Long
Public Declare Sub RtlMoveMemory Lib "kernel32" (hpvDest As Any, ByVal hpvSource As Long, ByVal cbCopy As Long)

Public Function GetStatusCode(status As Long) As String

Dim msg As String

Select Case status
Case IP_SUCCESS: msg = "ip success"
Case IP_BUF_TOO_SMALL: msg = "ip buf too_small"
Case IP_DEST_NET_UNREACHABLE: msg = "ip dest net unreachable"
Case IP_DEST_HOST_UNREACHABLE: msg = "ip dest host unreachable"
Case IP_DEST_PROT_UNREACHABLE: msg = "ip dest prot unreachable"
Case IP_DEST_PORT_UNREACHABLE: msg = "ip dest port unreachable"
Case IP_NO_RESOURCES: msg = "ip no resources"
Case IP_BAD_OPTION: msg = "ip bad option"
Case IP_HW_ERROR: msg = "ip hw_error"
Case IP_PACKET_TOO_BIG: msg = "ip packet too_big"
Case IP_REQ_TIMED_OUT: msg = "ip req timed out"
Case IP_BAD_REQ: msg = "ip bad req"
Case IP_BAD_ROUTE: msg = "ip bad route"
Case IP_TTL_EXPIRED_TRANSIT: msg = "ip ttl expired transit"
Case IP_TTL_EXPIRED_REASSEM: msg = "ip ttl expired reassem"
Case IP_PARAM_PROBLEM: msg = "ip param_problem"
Case IP_SOURCE_QUENCH: msg = "ip source quench"
Case IP_OPTION_TOO_BIG: msg = "ip option too_big"
Case IP_BAD_DESTINATION: msg = "ip bad destination"
Case IP_ADDR_DELETED: msg = "ip addr deleted"
Case IP_SPEC_MTU_CHANGE: msg = "ip spec mtu change"
Case IP_MTU_CHANGE: msg = "ip mtu_change"
Case IP_UNLOAD: msg = "ip unload"
Case IP_ADDR_ADDED: msg = "ip addr added"
Case IP_GENERAL_FAILURE: msg = "ip general failure"
Case IP_PENDING: msg = "ip pending"
Case PING_TIMEOUT: msg = "ping timeout"
Case Else: msg = "unknown msg returned"
End Select
GetStatusCode = CStr(status) & " [ " & msg & " ]"
End Function

Public Function HiByte(ByVal wParam As Integer)
HiByte = wParam &H1 And &HFF&
End Function

Public Function LoByte(ByVal wParam As Integer)
LoByte = wParam And &HFF&
End Function

Public Function Ping(szAddress As String, ECHO As ICMP_ECHO_REPLY) As Long
Dim hPort As Long
Dim dwAddress As Long
Dim sDataToSend As String
Dim iOpt As Long
sDataToSend = "Echo This"
dwAddress = AddressStringToLong(szAddress)
hPort = IcmpCreateFile()
If IcmpSendEcho(hPort, dwAddress, sDataToSend, Len(sDataToSend), 0, ECHO, Len(ECHO), PING_TIMEOUT) Then
'the ping succeeded,
'.Status will be 0
'.RoundTripTime is the time in ms for the ping to complete,
'.Data is the data returned (NULL terminated)
'.Address is the Ip address that actually replied
'.DataSize is the size of the string in .Data
Ping = ECHO.RoundTripTime
Else
Ping = ECHO.status * -1
End If
Call IcmpCloseHandle(hPort)
End Function

Function AddressStringToLong(ByVal tmp As String) As Long
Dim i As Integer
Dim parts(1 To 4) As String
i = 0
'we have to extract each part of the
'123.456.789.123 string, delimited by
'a period
While InStr(tmp, ".") > 0
i = i + 1
parts(i) = Mid(tmp, 1, InStr(tmp, ".") - 1)
tmp = Mid(tmp, InStr(tmp, ".") + 1)
Wend
i = i + 1
parts(i) = tmp
If i <> 4 Then
AddressStringToLong = 0
Exit Function
End If
'build the long value out of the
'hex of the extracted strings
AddressStringToLong = Val("&H" & Right("00" & Hex(parts(4)), 2) & _
Right("00" & Hex(parts(3)), 2) & _
Right("00" & Hex(parts(2)), 2) & _
Right("00" & Hex(parts(1)), 2))
End Function

Public Function SocketsCleanup() As Boolean
Dim X As Long
X = WSACleanup()
If X <> 0 Then
MsgBox "Windows Sockets error " & Trim$(Str$(X)) & " occurred in Cleanup.", vbExclamation
SocketsCleanup = False
Else
SocketsCleanup = True
End If
End Function

Public Function SocketsInitialize() As Boolean
Dim WSAD As WSADATA
Dim X As Integer
Dim szLoByte As String, szHiByte As String, szBuf As String
X = WSAStartup(WS_VERSION_REQD, WSAD)
If X <> 0 Then
MsgBox "Windows Sockets for 32 bit Windows " & "environments is not successfully responding."
SocketsInitialize = False
Exit Function
End If
If LoByte(WSAD.wVersion) < WS_VERSION_MAJOR Or (LoByte(WSAD.wVersion) = WS_VERSION_MAJOR And HiByte(WSAD.wVersion) < WS_VERSION_MINOR) Then
szHiByte = Trim$(Str$(HiByte(WSAD.wVersion)))
szLoByte = Trim$(Str$(LoByte(WSAD.wVersion)))
szBuf = "Windows Sockets Version " & szLoByte & "." & szHiByte
szBuf = szBuf & " is not supported by Windows " & "Sockets for 32 bit Windows environments."
MsgBox szBuf, vbExclamation
SocketsInitialize = False
Exit Function
End If
If WSAD.wMaxSockets < MIN_SOCKETS_REQD Then
szBuf = "This application requires a minimum of " & Trim$(Str$(MIN_SOCKETS_REQD)) & " supported sockets."
MsgBox szBuf, vbExclamation
SocketsInitialize = False
Exit Function
End If
SocketsInitialize = True
End Function

在Form中添加一个命令按钮Command1，一个文本框Text2，创建一个TextBox数组(Text1(0)到Text1(5))。在窗体中写入如下代码：
Private Sub Command1_Click()
Dim ECHO As ICMP_ECHO_REPLY
Dim pos As Integer
Call Ping(Text2.Text, ECHO)
Text1(0) = GetStatusCode(ECHO.status)
Text1(1) = ECHO.Address
Text1(2) = ECHO.RoundTripTime & " ms"
Text1(3) = ECHO.DataSize & " bytes"
If Left$(ECHO.Data, 1) <> Chr$(0) Then
pos = InStr(ECHO.Data, Chr$(0))
Text1(4) = Left$(ECHO.Data, pos - 1)
End If
Text1(5) = ECHO.DataPointer
End Sub

ping使用的icmp协议的疑问？

主机用ping这个命令发送到其他主机的时候，这台主机是怎么接收icmp这个包的，用到端口吗？为什么
ARP协议不也是网络层协议吗，那他在广播的时候到了每台机器的时候，每台机器又是怎么接收这个数据包的呢？

ping程序是实质上是要求对方返回一个icmp协议的回显应答，而icmp是透过IP协议传输，IP协议直接就给予以太网驱动程序处理，而端口是TCP和UDP的事情了，ping不会用到端口的，你硬要解析用什么号码来区分其他服务的话就只能说IP协议类型为1是ICMP，ICMP类型0代码0是回显应答，以太网类型字段为0x0800是IP协议。ICMP只是第三层的事情，端口是第四层的事情。
至于操作系统进程、线程的问题那是高层的问题，是操作系统怎样调用下层的服务，ping程序是将icmp报文中的标识符字段直接和进程ID挂钩，和你提问的内容没什么大关系。
－－－－－
ARP是第二层和第三层之间的协议，不能将它定界太严格。
ARP广播，子网每个主机都接收到是应为每个接口都无时不刻地侦听着链路，接收所有的信号，把信号解析后，发现目的地不是自己的就不理会它，假如目的地是自己，就回应。 参考技术A 首先您要知道ICMP数据报实际上只是一个基于IP的协议；它的主要功能是路由和错误处理；我们平常使用的PING，就是一个等待ICMP数据包传回的例子；比如您使用PING 218.85.138.72，那么如果您的主机和218.85.138.72的主机在物理上是连通的话，那么218.85.138.72主机会传回一个ICMP数据包告诉您“我是存在的”您不用太担心ICMP数据包对您的机子会有影响；金山毒霸的防火墙可能是阻止了其他的IP使用ICMP报文对您的探测，使您在网络上回应“我不存在”，这样可以防止一些主动的恶意连接。 参考技术B 当然会了，每一个命令协议都会用到端口号的。
我也给你说不太明白，大概说下 吧。
就是现在操作系统都是多任务、多用户。具有不同进程、线程。
所以每一个数据必须经过端口来确认、划分。要不就乱了。
打个比方：网页浏览器跟迅雷下载 如果一个端口，没有协议划分。是不是没法进行了。 参考技术C 不用端口。从网卡接收数据，通过ICMP协议，解析数据包