nginx安装，虚拟主机，用户认证及域名重定向

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nginx安装

  • cd /usr/local/src/
  • wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.14.0.tar.gz
  • tar zxfv nginx-1.14.0.tar.gz
  • cd nginx-1.14.0/
  • ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx
  • make && make install
  • 启动文件配置vim /etc/init.d/nginx，参考下面 
    #!/bin/bash
# chkconfig: - 30 21
# description: http service.
# Source Function Library
. /etc/init.d/functions
# Nginx Settings
NGINX_SBIN="/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"
NGINX_CONF="/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf"
NGINX_PID="/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid"
RETVAL=0
prog="Nginx"
start() 
{
echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
mkdir -p /dev/shm/nginx_temp
daemon $NGINX_SBIN -c $NGINX_CONF
RETVAL=$?
echo
return $RETVAL
}
stop() 
{
echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
killproc -p $NGINX_PID $NGINX_SBIN -TERM
rm -rf /dev/shm/nginx_temp
RETVAL=$?
echo
return $RETVAL
}
reload()
{
echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "
killproc -p $NGINX_PID $NGINX_SBIN -HUP
RETVAL=$?
echo
return $RETVAL
}
restart()
{
stop
start
}
configtest()
{
$NGINX_SBIN -c $NGINX_CONF -t
return 0
}
case "$1" in
start)
    start
    ;;
stop)
    stop
    ;;
reload)
    reload
    ;;
restart)
    restart
    ;;
configtest)
    configtest
    ;;
*)
    echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|reload|restart|configtest}"
    RETVAL=1
esac
exit $RETVAL
  • 开机启动
    • chmod 755 /etc//init.d/nginx
    • chkconfig --add nginx
    • chkconfig nginx on
  • nginx的配置文件 
    [[email protected] conf]# mv nginx.conf nginx.conf.bak
[[email protected] conf]# vim nginx.conf

    参考

    user nobody nobody;      #定义Nginx运行的用户和用户组
worker_processes 2;      #nginx进程数，建议设置为等于CPU总核心数
error_log /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx_error.log crit;  #全局错误日志定义类型
pid /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid;  #进程文件
worker_rlimit_nofile 51200;   #一个nginx进程打开的最多文件描述符数目，理论值应该是最多打开文件数（系统的值ulimit -n）与nginx进程数相除，但是nginx分配请求并不均匀，所以建议与ulimit -n的值保持一致。
events          #工作模式与连接数上限
{
use epoll;
worker_connections 6000; #单个进程最大连接数（最大连接数=连接数*进程数）
}
http   #设定http服务器
{
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
server_names_hash_bucket_size 3526;
server_names_hash_max_size 4096;
log_format combined_realip ‘$remote_addr $http_x_forwarded_for [$time_local]‘
‘ $host "$request_uri" $status‘
‘ "$http_referer" "$http_user_agent"‘;
sendfile on;
tcp_nopush on;
keepalive_timeout 30;
client_header_timeout 3m;
client_body_timeout 3m;
send_timeout 3m;
connection_pool_size 256;
client_header_buffer_size 1k;
large_client_header_buffers 8 4k;
request_pool_size 4k;
output_buffers 4 32k;
postpone_output 1460;
client_max_body_size 10m;
client_body_buffer_size 256k;
client_body_temp_path /usr/local/nginx/client_body_temp;
proxy_temp_path /usr/local/nginx/proxy_temp;
fastcgi_temp_path /usr/local/nginx/fastcgi_temp;
fastcgi_intercept_errors on;
tcp_nodelay on;
gzip on;
gzip_min_length 1k;
gzip_buffers 4 8k;
gzip_comp_level 5;
gzip_http_version 1.1;
gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css text/htm 
application/xml;
server   #默认虚拟主机的配置
{
    listen 80;
    server_name localhost;
    index index.html index.htm index.php;
    root /usr/local/nginx/html;
    location ~ .php$  #php解析
    {
        include fastcgi_params;
        fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php-fcgi.sock;
        #fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000；  #指定监听的sockter或者Ip加端口
        fastcgi_index index.php;
        fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /usr/local/nginx/html$fastcgi_script_name;
    }    
}
}
  • 检测配置文件/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
  • 重新加载配置文件/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload
  • 测试
    • curl localhost
  • 测试php解析 
    [[email protected] ~]# vim /usr/local/nginx/html/2.php
<?php
echo "test php scripts.";
?>
[[email protected] ~]# curl localhost/2.php
test php scripts.

    nginx的默认虚拟主机

  • 在/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf的http服务里面增加一行 include vhosts/*.conf;
  • mkdir /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost
  • vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/default.conf 
    server
{
listen 80 default_server;
server_name aaa.com
index index.html index.htm index.php;
root /data/wwwroot/default;
}
  • mkdir -p /data/wwwroot/default
  • 创建测试页 
    [[email protected] vhosts]# vim /data/wwwroot/default/index.html
this is a default site.
  • /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
  • /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload
  • 测试 
    [[email protected] vhosts]# curl localhost
this is a default site.
[[email protected] vhosts]# curl -x 127.0.0.1:80 aaa.com
this is a default site.
[[email protected] vhosts]# curl -x 127.0.0.1:80 bbb.com
this is a default site.

    nginx的用户认证

  • vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhosts/test.com.conf

    server
{
listen 80;
server_name test.com;
index index.html index.htm index.php;
root /data/wwwroot/test.com;

location /   #/针对整个网站，/admin针对admin目录，~admin.php针对一个页面
{
  auth_basic     "Auth"  #指定用户名
  auth_basic_user_file  /usr/local/nginx/conf/htpasswd; #指定密码文件
}
}
  • yum install -y httpd 安装apche 
    Downloading packages:
Error downloading packages:
mailcap-2.1.41-2.el7.noarch: [Errno 5] [Errno 12] Cannot allocate memory
httpd-tools-2.4.6-80.el7.centos.x86_64: [Errno 5] [Errno 12] Cannot allocate memory
apr-util-1.5.2-6.el7.x86_64: [Errno 5] [Errno 12] Cannot allocate memory
httpd-2.4.6-80.el7.centos.x86_64: [Errno 5] [Errno 12] Cannot allocate memory
apr-1.4.8-3.el7_4.1.x86_64: [Errno 5] [Errno 12] Cannot allocate memory
这个错误需要手动安装不能安装的包，从下网上一个个安装
  • 生产密码文件 
    [[email protected] ~]# htpasswd -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/htpasswd aming
New password:
Re-type new password:
Adding password for user aming
[[email protected] ~]# cat /usr/local/nginx/conf/htpasswd
aming:$apr1$Th4uOUg/$tKN0B6BveSJ2.DtPu4Yfl.
[[email protected] ~]# htpasswd  /usr/local/nginx/conf/htpasswd aming01
New password:
Re-type new password:
Adding password for user aming01
[[email protected] ~]# cat /usr/local/nginx/conf/htpasswd
aming:$apr1$Th4uOUg/$tKN0B6BveSJ2.DtPu4Yfl.
aming01:$apr1$6aaY/ylb$9eUuW8lFsxlbzcnVQUHvq1
  • 重新加载配置文件 
    [[email protected] ~]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
[[email protected] ~]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload
  • 测试 
    [[email protected] ~]# curl -u aming:123456 -x127.0.0.1:80 test.com
test.com

    域名重定向

  • 更改test.com.conf 
    server
{
listen 80;
server_name test.com test1.com test2.com; #指定多个域名，httpd不一样
index index.html index.htm index.php;
root /data/wwwroot/test.com;
if ($host != ‘test.com‘) {
 rewrite  ^/(.*)$ http://test.com/$1 permanent; #permanent是301，redirect是3
02
}
}
  • 加载配置 
    [[email protected] ~]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
[[email protected] ~]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload
  • 测试 
    [[email protected] ~]# curl -x127.0.0.1:80 test1.com/index.html/daad -I
HTTP/1.1 301 Moved Permanently
Server: nginx/1.6.2
Date: Fri, 08 Jun 2018 01:39:47 GMT
Content-Type: text/html
Content-Length: 184
Connection: keep-alive
Location: http://test.com/index.html/daad
[[email protected] ~]# curl -x127.0.0.1:80 test2.com/index.html/daad -I
HTTP/1.1 301 Moved Permanently
Server: nginx/1.6.2
Date: Fri, 08 Jun 2018 01:39:53 GMT
Content-Type: text/html
Content-Length: 184
Connection: keep-alive
Location: http://test.com/index.html/daad
[[email protected] ~]# curl -x127.0.0.1:80 test3.com/index.html/daad -I
HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found
Server: nginx/1.6.2
Date: Fri, 08 Jun 2018 01:39:58 GMT
Content-Type: text/html
Content-Length: 168
Connection: keep-alive

    #扩展

  • nginx.conf 配置详解( http://my.oschina.net/duxuefeng/blog/34880)
  • nginx rewrite四种flag(http://unixman.blog.51cto.com/10163040/1711943)

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