centos7搭建邮件服务器postfix

Posted 2020-11-09

一、服务端：

1. 域名解析：

   角色                        记录类型                        主机记录                        记录值
   主域名                    A                                    @                                   104.225.233.249
   邮件域名                A                                     mail                                104.225.233.249
   邮件服务器             MX                                 @                                   mail.dollarphp.com
   反垃圾配置             TXT                                @                                  v=spf1 a mx ~al

   

2. 卸载sendmail：

   yum  -y  remove  sendmail

3. 安装软件：

   yum  -y  install  postfix  dovecot  cyrus-sasl-*  mailx

4. 配置postfix：
   vim /etc/postfix/main.cf

   queue_directory = /var/spool/postfix
   command_directory = /usr/sbin
   daemon_directory = /usr/libexec/postfix
   data_directory = /var/lib/postfix
   mail_owner = postfix
   myhostname = mail.dollarphp.com         #这里要换成你自己的邮箱服务器
   mydomain = dollarphp.com                #这里换成你自己的主机服务器
   myorigin = $mydomain
   inet_interfaces = all
   inet_protocols = ipv4
   mydestination = $myhostname, localhost.$mydomain, localhost,$mydomain,mail.$mydomain,www.$mydomain, ftp.$mydomain
   local_recipient_maps =
   unknown_local_recipient_reject_code = 550
   mynetworks = 0.0.0.0/0
   relay_domains = $mydestination
   alias_maps = hash:/etc/aliases
   alias_database = hash:/etc/aliases
   home_mailbox = Maildir/
   smtpd_banner = $myhostname ESMTP
   debug_peer_level = 2
   debugger_command =
    PATH=/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/X11R6/bin
    ddd $daemon_directory/$process_name $process_id & sleep 5
   sendmail_path = /usr/sbin/sendmail.postfix
   newaliases_path = /usr/bin/newaliases.postfix
   mailq_path = /usr/bin/mailq.postfix
   setgid_group = postdrop
   html_directory = no
   manpage_directory = /usr/share/man
   sample_directory = /usr/share/doc/postfix-2.10.1/samples
   readme_directory = /usr/share/doc/postfix-2.10.1/README_FILES
   smtpd_sasl_auth_enable = yes
   smtpd_sasl_security_options = noanonymous
   broken_sasl_auth_clients = yes
   smtpd_recipient_restrictions = permit_sasl_authenticated,reject_unauth_destination,permit_mynetworks
   smtpd_client_restrictions = permit_sasl_authenticated

5. 配置dovecot：
   a. 配置监听协议：
   vim /etc/dovecot/dovecot.conf

   protocols = imap pop3 lmtp
   listen = *
   dict {
   }
   !include conf.d/*.conf
   !include_try local.conf

   b. 配置登录方式：
   vim /etc/dovecot/conf.d/10-auth.conf

   disable_plaintext_auth = no
   auth_mechanisms = plain login
   !include auth-system.conf.ext

   c. 配置邮件存储位置：
   vim /etc/dovecot/conf.d/10-mail.conf

   mail_location = maildir:~/Maildir
   namespace inbox {
   inbox = yes
   }
   first_valid_uid = 1000
   mbox_write_locks = fcntl

   d. 配置ssl（关闭）：
   vim /etc/dovecot/conf.d/10-ssl.conf

   ssl = no
   ssl_cert = </etc/pki/dovecot/certs/dovecot.pem
   ssl_key = </etc/pki/dovecot/private/dovecot.pem

6. 配置sasl2：
   a. 配置系统认证：
   vim /etc/sysconfig/saslauthd

   SOCKETDIR=/run/saslauthd
   MECH=shadow
   FLAGS=

   b. 配置登录方式（创建新文件）：
   vim /usr/lib64/sasl2/smtpd.conf

   pwcheck_method: saslauthd
   mech_list: PLAIN LOGIN
   log_level:3

7. 添加用户：

   useradd  dollarphp
   passwd  dollarphp

8. 启动服务：

   systemctl  start  dovecot
   systemctl  start  postfix
   systemctl  start  saslauthd

9. 配置mailx：
   vim /etc/mail.rc

   set hold
   set append
   set ask
   set crt
   set dot
   set keep
   set emptybox
   set indentprefix="> "
   set quote
   set sendcharsets=iso-8859-1,utf-8
   set showname
   set showto
   set newmail=nopoll
   set autocollapse
   set markanswered
   ignore received in-reply-to message-id references
   ignore mime-version content-transfer-encoding
   fwdretain subject date from to
   set bsdcompat
   set [email protected]
   set smtp=mail.dollarphp.com
   set smtp-auth-user=adminmail
   set smtp-auth-password=123456
   set smtp-auth=login

10. 发送邮件：

    echo  "内容"  |  mail  -s  "标题"  [email protected]
    或
    mail  -s  "标题"  [email protected]  <  test.txt

    二、客户端：

11. linux（接收）：
    a. 安装telnet：

    yum  -y  install  telnet

    b. 登录（dovecot的默认端口是110）：

    telnet  104.225.233.249  110

    c. 测试：
    
    d. 命令介绍：

    USER  xxx：输入用户名
    PASS  xxx：输入密码
    LIST：显示信箱
    RETR n：打开第n封信

    e. 退出telnet：

    ctl+]
    quit

12. windows（发送+接收）：
    a. 安装foxmail（官网：http://www.foxmail.com/）：
    
    b. 登录：
    
    
    
    c. 测试：