Linux常用基本命令(split )

Posted 2020-11-07 ghostwu

split命令

作用：切割文件

格式:

split [option] [input] [prefix]

-l 指定分割后文件的最大行数

[email protected]:~/linux/split$ cat -n ghostwu.txt 
     1    What is Memcached?
     2    Free & open source,
     3    high-performance,
     4    distributed memory object caching system,
     5    generic in nature
     6    but intended for use in speeding up dynamic web applications by alleviating database load.
     7    Memcached is an in-memory key-value store for small chunks of arbitrary data
     8    (strings, objects) from results of database calls
     9    API calls, or page rendering.
    10    Memcached is simple yet powerful. 
    11    Its simple design promotes quick deployment,
    12    ease of development
    13    and solves many problems facing large data caches.
    14    Its API is available for most popular languages.

把ghostwu.txt这个文件，每个文件最大6行，前缀为ghostwu_

[email protected]:~/linux/split$ ls
ghostwu.txt
[email protected]:~/linux/split$ wc -l ghostwu.txt
14 ghostwu.txt
[email protected]:~/linux/split$ split -l 6 ghostwu.txt ghostwu_
[email protected]:~/linux/split$ ls
ghostwu_aa  ghostwu_ab  ghostwu_ac  ghostwu.txt
[email protected]:~/linux/split$ wc -l ghostwu_ab
6 ghostwu_ab
[email protected]:~/linux/split$ wc -l ghostwu_aa
6 ghostwu_aa
[email protected]:~/linux/split$ wc -l ghostwu_ac
2 ghostwu_ac

用通配符更简单

[email protected]:~/linux/split$ ls
ghostwu_aa  ghostwu_ab  ghostwu_ac  ghostwu.txt
[email protected]:~/linux/split$ wc -l ghostwu_*
  6 ghostwu_aa
  6 ghostwu_ab
  2 ghostwu_ac
 14 total

-a : 指定切割文件的后缀长度

[email protected]:~/linux/split$ split -l 5 -a 3 ghostwu.txt ghostwu_
[email protected]:~/linux/split$ ls
ghostwu_aaa  ghostwu_aab  ghostwu_aac  ghostwu.txt
[email protected]:~/linux/split$ wc -l ghostwu_*
  5 ghostwu_aaa
  5 ghostwu_aab
  4 ghostwu_aac
 14 total

-d: 使用数字后缀

[email protected]:~/linux/split$ ls
ghostwu.txt
[email protected]:~/linux/split$ split -l 5 -d ghostwu.txt ghostwu_
[email protected]:~/linux/split$ ls
ghostwu_00  ghostwu_01  ghostwu_02  ghostwu.txt
[email protected]:~/linux/split$ wc -l ghostwu_*
  5 ghostwu_00
  5 ghostwu_01
  4 ghostwu_02
 14 total

-b　按文件大小

[email protected]:~/linux/split$ ls
ghostwu.txt
[email protected]:~/linux/split$ ls -lh
total 4.0K
-rw-rw-r-- 1 ghostwu ghostwu 565 5月  20 18:41 ghostwu.txt
[email protected]:~/linux/split$ split -b 100 ghostwu.txt ghostwu_
[email protected]:~/linux/split$ ls
ghostwu_aa  ghostwu_ac  ghostwu_ae  ghostwu.txt
ghostwu_ab  ghostwu_ad  ghostwu_af
[email protected]:~/linux/split$ ls -lh
total 28K
-rw-rw-r-- 1 ghostwu ghostwu 100 5月  20 18:54 ghostwu_aa
-rw-rw-r-- 1 ghostwu ghostwu 100 5月  20 18:54 ghostwu_ab
-rw-rw-r-- 1 ghostwu ghostwu 100 5月  20 18:54 ghostwu_ac
-rw-rw-r-- 1 ghostwu ghostwu 100 5月  20 18:54 ghostwu_ad
-rw-rw-r-- 1 ghostwu ghostwu 100 5月  20 18:54 ghostwu_ae
-rw-rw-r-- 1 ghostwu ghostwu  65 5月  20 18:54 ghostwu_af
-rw-rw-r-- 1 ghostwu ghostwu 565 5月  20 18:41 ghostwu.txt