基于httpd-2.2和httpd-2.4配置虚拟主机web站点,并提供https服务

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 使用httpd-2.2和httpd-2.4实现

> 1.建立httpd服务,要求:

> 1) 提供两个基于名称的虚拟主机www1, www2;要求每个虚拟主机都有单独的错误日志和访问日志; 

> 2) 通过www1的/server-status提供状态信息,且仅允许172.16.0.1主机访问;

> 3) www2不允许192.168.1.0/24网络中任意主机访问;

> 2.为上面的第2)个虚拟主机提供https服务。


二、基于httpd-2.4配置虚拟主机web站点,并提供https服务:

1.准备:(1)在VMwareWorkstation平台下的CentOS7.2一枚;(2)真实机客户端一个;

2.环境:(1)CentOS7.2系统中安装httpd应用程序并启动httpd服务;(2)关闭防火墙;(3)设置SELinux;

(1) [[email protected] ~]# yum -y install httpd

  [[email protected] ~]# service httpd start

  正在启动 httpd:

(2) [[email protected] ~]# iptables -F

(3) [[email protected] ~]# setenforce 0

3.操作步骤:

[[email protected] ~]# cd /etc/httpd/conf

[[email protected] conf]# vim httpd.conf 

NameVirtualHost 172.16.69.1:80          //在httpd.conf配置文件中添加这一行,IP地址要和下面设置的虚拟机文件保持一致

[[email protected] conf]# cd  ../conf.d      //在配置虚拟主机时,我们在/etc/httpd/conf.d片段配置文件中设置

[[email protected] conf.d]# ls

manual.conf  mod_dnssd.conf  README  ssl.conf  welcome.conf

[[email protected] conf.d]# vim www1.conf      //设置虚拟主机www1

> <VirtualHost 172.16.69.1:80>                     //这里的IP地址和端口号要和主配置文件/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf中的虚拟机配置设置的IP一致

>         DocumentRoot    /var/www/www1               //www1站点的资源路径映射

>         ServerName      www1.cl.com                     //这就是基于主机名设置虚拟主机

>         ErrorLog        logs/www1-error_log             //每个虚拟主机都有单独的错误日志

>         CustomLog       logs/www1-access_log combined            //每个虚拟主机都有单独访问日志

>         <Location /server-status>

>         SetHandler server-status

>         Order deny,allow

>         Deny from all

>         Allow from 172.16.0.1                            //通过www1的/server-status提供状态信息,且仅允许172.16.0.1主机访问

>         </Location>

> </VirtualHost>

[[email protected] conf.d]# vim www2.conf 

> <VirtualHost 172.16.69.1:80>                    // 这里的IP地址和端口号要和主配置文件/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf中的虚拟机配置设置的IP一致

>         DocumentRoot    /var/www/www2             //www2站点的资源路径映射

>         ServerName      www2.cl.com                     

>         ErrorLog        logs/www2-error_log            //每个虚拟主机都有单独的错误日志

>         CustomLog       logs/www2-access_log combined            //每个虚拟主机都有单独访问日志

>         <Directory "/var/www/www2">

>         Options None

>         AllowOverride None

>         Order deny,allow

>         Deny from 192.168.1.0/24                      //www2不允许192.168.1.0/24网络中任意主机访问

>         </Directory>

> </VirtualHost>

[[email protected] conf.d]# mkdir -pv /var/www/www{1,2}                //为web站点的资源提供路径映射

mkdir: 已创建目录 "/var/www/www1"

mkdir: 已创建目录 "/var/www/www2"

[[email protected] conf.d]# echo "WWW1's web site~~" >> //var/www/www1/index.html             //创建web站点首页文件并添加内容

[[email protected] conf.d]# echo "WWW2's web site~~" >> //var/www/www2/index.html

[[email protected] conf.d]# httpd -t             //检查编写的虚拟主机语法有没有错误

httpd: apr_sockaddr_info_get() failed for chenliang

httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using 127.0.0.1 for ServerName

Syntax OK                                                  //语法OK

[[email protected] conf.d]# service httpd restart                     //在每一次配置好httpd服务后要重新启动服务

停止 httpd:                                               [确定]

正在启动 httpd:httpd: apr_sockaddr_info_get() failed for chenliang

httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using 127.0.0.1 for ServerName

        [确定]

4.测试:

创建的虚拟主机web站点:

打开主机的真实主机进行测试,首先更改一下系统C盘下\Windows\System32\drivers\etc\hosts文件,在最下面添加配置的虚拟主机web站点:172.16.69.1 www1.cl.com www2.cl.com

结果:    

                        技术分享图片

                        技术分享图片

5.提供https服务:

    1)建立私有CA:

             创建CA的私钥文件:

            [[email protected] CA]# (umask 077; openssl genrsa -out private/cakey.pem 4096)

            Generating RSA private key, 4096 bit long modulus

            ...............................................................................................................................................................................................................++

            ......................................................++

            e is 65537 (0x10001)

            生成自签证书:       

            [[email protected] CA]# openssl req -new -x509 -key private/cakey.pem -out cacert.pem

            You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated

            into your certificate request.

            What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN.

            There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank

            For some fields there will be a default value,

            If you enter '.', the field will be left blank.

            -----

            Country Name (2 letter code) [XX]:CN  

            State or Province Name (full name) []:HeBei

            Locality Name (eg, city) [Default City]:Handan

            Organization Name (eg, company) [Default Company Ltd]:CL

            Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:Tech

            Common Name (eg, your name or your server's hostname) []:chenliang

            Email Address []:

            [[email protected] CA]# ls                   //查看创建的证书文件

            cacert.pem  certs  crl  newcerts  private

            

            [[email protected] CA]# touch /etc/pki/CA/index.txt      //完善CA所必需目录级文件要求和文本文件级文件要求

            [[email protected] CA]# echo 01 > /etc/pki/CA/serial

    2)创建https站点:{有个前提要安装httpd模块列表中的mod_ssl模块}      

[[email protected] ~]# mkdir /etc/httpd/ssl

[[email protected] ~]# cd /etc/httpd/ssl

[[email protected] ssl]# (umask 077;openssl genrsa -out httpd.key 4096)

Generating RSA private key, 4096 bit long modulus

.....................................................................................++

.......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................++

e is 65537 (0x10001)

[[email protected] ssl]# openssl req -new -key httpd.key -out httpd.csr 

You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated

into your certificate request.

What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN.

There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank

For some fields there will be a default value,

If you enter '.', the field will be left blank.

-----

Country Name (2 letter code) [XX]:CN

State or Province Name (full name) []:HeBei

Locality Name (eg, city) [Default City]:Handan

Organization Name (eg, company) [Default Company Ltd]:CL

Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:Tech

Common Name (eg, your name or your server's hostname) []:chenliang      

Email Address []:


A challenge password []:123456

An optional company name []:chenliang

            将证书请求发送到CA:~]# scp httpd.csr CA_SERVER:/tmp     //因为这里是创建的私有CA,所以不使用此命令,跳过

            在CA上为此次请求签发证书:       

                [[email protected] ssl]# cd /etc/pki/CA

                [[email protected] CA]# ls

                cacert.pem  certs  crl  index.txt  newcerts  private  serial

                [[email protected] CA]# openssl ca -in /etc/httpd/ssl/httpd.csr -out certs/httpd.crt

                

                [[email protected] CA]# ls certs/

                httpd.crt

        在httpd服务器上,删除证书请求文件:

                [[email protected] CA]# cp certs/httpd.crt  /etc/httpd/ssl/

                [[email protected] CA]# cd -

                /etc/httpd/ssl

                [[email protected] ssl]# ls

                httpd.crt  httpd.csr  httpd.key

                [[email protected] ssl]# rm -f httpd.csr 

                [[email protected] ssl]# ls

                httpd.crt  httpd.key

      在httpd服务器上配置ssl支持:

                1) 保证mod_ssl模块被正确装载;如果没有,则需要单独安装:yum install -y mod_ssl

                2) 配置https的虚拟主机:

                        [[email protected] conf.d]# vim ssl.conf

                        <VirtualHost 172.16.69.1:443>                        

                        DocumentRoot "/var/www/www2"

                        ServerName www2.cl.com:443

                        SSLCertificateFile  /etc/httpd/ssl/httpd.crt

                        SSLCertificateKeyFile  /etc/httpd/ssl/httpd.key

    

        测试https建立是否成功:

            重启服务:            

[[email protected] conf.d]# service httpd restart

停止 httpd:                                               [确定]

正在启动 httpd:httpd: apr_sockaddr_info_get() failed for chenliang

httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using 127.0.0.1 for ServerName

                                                                  [确定]


      在真实主机上(因为我们是私有证书是不受信任的):

技术分享图片

                        添加例外后:

                            技术分享图片



至此,httpd-2.2基于主机名建立虚拟主机并实现web站点的https服务完成


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