elk分析nginx日志和tomcat日志

Posted 2020-11-01

一、介绍

Elasticsearch + Logstash + Kibana（ELK）是一套开源的日志管理方案。

Elasticsearch是个开源分布式搜索引擎，它的特点有：分布式，零配置，自动发现，索引自动分片，索引副本机制，restful风格接口，多数据源，自动搜索负载等。

Logstash是一个完全开源的工具，它可以对你的日志进行收集、分析，并将其存储供以后使用

kibana 是一个开源和免费的工具，它可以为 Logstash 和 ElasticSearch 提供的日志分析友好的 Web 界面，可以帮助您汇总、分析和搜索重要数据日志。

ELK官网：https://www.elastic.co/

ELK官网文档：https://www.elastic.co/guide/index.html

ELK中文手册：http://kibana.logstash.es/content/elasticsearch/monitor/logging.html

二、本次试验环境说明

系统：centos6.5_x86_64

软件：elasticsearch-6.1.2、kibana-6.1.2-linux-x86_64、logstash-6.1.2、redis-3.2.6、jdk1.8

1、服务端（所有软件全部安装）

ip：10.10.123.201

公网ip：123.206.57.23

hostname：VM_123_201_centos

2、客户端（安装jdk和logstash）

ip：10.10.30.86

hostname：VM_30_86_centos

三、服务端安装配置

1、安装redis

#!/bin/bash
yum -y install make gcc gcc-c++ zlib-devel openssl openssl-devel pcre-devel patch perl tcl 
cd /var/ftp/
tar xf redis-3.2.6.tar.gz
mv redis-3.2.6 /usr/local/redis
cd /usr/local/redis
make && make test && make install
if [ ! -d  "/usr/local/bin" ];   
then 
    mkdir -p /usr/local/bin
fi
ln -s  /usr/local/redis/redis.conf  /etc/redis.conf 
sed -i '/^daemonize no/cdaemonize yes' /etc/redis.conf
redis-server /etc/redis.conf         #启动redis服务
echo "vm.overcommit_memory = 1" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
sysctl -p
cat> /etc/init.d/redis <<'EOF'
#!/bin/sh
# chkconfig:   2345 90 10
# description:  Redis is a persistent key-value database
# redis    Startup script for redis processes
# processname: redis
redis_path="/usr/local/bin/redis-server"
redis_conf="/etc/redis.conf"
redis_pid="/var/run/redis.pid"
# Source function library.
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
[ -x $redis_path ] || exit 0
RETVAL=0
prog="redis"
# Start daemons.
start() {
if [ -e $redis_pid -a ! -z $redis_pid ];then
echo $prog" already running...."
exit 1
fi
echo -n $"Starting $prog "
# Single instance for all caches
$redis_path $redis_conf
RETVAL=$?
[ $RETVAL -eq 0 ] && {
touch /var/lock/subsys/$prog
success $"$prog"
}
echo
return $RETVAL
}
# Stop daemons.
stop() {
echo -n $"Stopping $prog "
killproc -d 10 $redis_path
echo
[ $RETVAL = 0 ] &&rm -f $redis_pid /var/lock/subsys/$prog
RETVAL=$?
return $RETVAL
}
# See how we were called.
case "$1" in
start)
start
;;
stop)
stop
;;
status)
status $prog
RETVAL=$?
;;
restart)
stop
start
;;
condrestart)
if test "x`pidofredis`" != x; then
stop
start
fi
;;
*)
echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|status|restart|condrestart}"
exit 1
esac
exit $RETVAL
EOF
sleep 3
chmod 755 /etc/init.d/redis
chkconfig --add redis
chkconfig --level 2345 redis on
chkconfig redis on
service redis restart

2、安装elasticsearch

# vim /etc/sysctl.conf

vm.overcommit_memory=1

vm.overcommit_memory = 1

vm.max_map_count=262144

kernel.msgmax = 65536

kernel.msgmnb = 65536

# sysctl -p                                 #使配置生效

# vim /etc/security/limits.conf

 *  hard nofile 65536

 *  soft nofile 65536

# vim /etc/security/limits.d/90-nproc.conf

*          soft    nproc     4096

root       soft    nproc     unlimited

# groupadd elk
# useradd elk -g elk
# cd /data/elk/
# tar zxvf elasticsearch-6.1.2.tar.gzvim elasticsearch.yml

# vim /data/elk/elasticsearch-6.1.2/config/elasticsearch.yml

cluster.name: my-application

node.name: node-201

bootstrap.memory_lock: false

bootstrap.system_call_filter: false

network.host: 10.10.123.201

http.port: 9200

http.cors.enabled: true

http.cors.allow-origin: "*"

path.data: /usr/deploy/elk/elasticsearch-6.1.2/data

path.logs: /usr/deploy/elk/elasticsearch-6.1.2/logs

# chown -R elk:elk  /data/elk/elasticsearch-6.1.2/*
# su - elk
$ /data/elk/elasticsearch-6.1.2/bin/elasticsearch -d                             #启动elasticsearch服务

3、安装logstash+jdk

# cd /data/elk/
# tar zxf jdk-8u162-linux-x64.tar.gz
# mv  jdk-8u162-linux-x64  /opt/jdk1.8

# vim /etc/profile

export JAVA_HOME=/opt/jdk1.8

export  PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH

# source /etc/profile

# tar zxvf logstash-6.1.2.tar.gz

# vim /data/elk/logstash-6.1.2/config/input.conf

input {

         redis {

         type => "tomcat-10.10.30.86"

         host => "123.206.57.23"

         key => "tomcat"

         data_type => 'list'

         port => "6379"

         db => "6"

        }  

         redis {

         type => "nginx-10.10.30.86"

         host => "123.206.57.23"

         key => "nginx"

         data_type => 'list'

         port => "6379"

         db => "6"

        }

filter {

   if [type] == "nginx-10.10.30.86"{

       geoip {

      source => "clientip"

      target => "geoip"

      database => "/usr/deploy/elk/GeoLite2-City.mmdb"

      add_field => [ "[geoip][coordinates]", "%{[geoip][longitude]}" ]

      add_field => [ "[geoip][coordinates]", "%{[geoip][latitude]}"  ]

    }

   }

}

output {

    if [type] == "tomcat-10.10.30.86" {

        elasticsearch {

            hosts => ["123.206.57.23:9200"]

            index => "logstash-tomcat-10.10.30.86-%{+YYYY.MM.dd}"

        }

    }

    if [type] == "nginx-10.10.30.86" {

        elasticsearch {

            hosts => ["123.206.57.23:9200"]

            index => "logstash-nginx-10.10.30.86-%{+YYYY.MM.dd}"

        }

}

}

# cd /usr/deploy/elk/
# wget http://geolite.maxmind.com/download/geoip/database/GeoLite2-City.mmdb.gz          #地图的库
# gzip -d GeoLite2-City.mmdb.gz
# logstash-plugin install logstash-filter-geoip
# /data/elk/logstash-6.1.2/bin/logstash -f  /data/elk/logstash-6.1.2/config/input.conf       #启动logstash服务

4、安装kibana

# cd /data/elk/

# tar zxvf  kibana-6.1.2-linux-x86_64.tar.gz

# vim /usr/deploy/elk/kibana-6.1.2-linux-x86_64/config/kibana.yml

server.port: 5601

server.host: "0.0.0.0"

elasticsearch.url: http://10.10.123.201:9200

kibana.index: ".kibana"

tilemap.url: http://webrd02.is.autonavi.com/appmaptile?lang=zh_cn&size=1&scale=1&style=7&x={x}&y={y}&z={z}          #地图显示链接

# /data/elk/kibana-6.1.2-linux-x86_64/bin/kibana &                             #后台运行kibana服务

四、客户端安装配置

# cd /data/elk/

# tar zxf jdk-8u162-linux-x64.tar.gz

# mv  jdk-8u162-linux-x64  /opt/jdk1.8

# vim /etc/profile

export JAVA_HOME=/opt/jdk1.8

export  PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH

# source /etc/profile

# tar zxvf logstash-6.1.2.tar.gz

# vim /data/elk/logstash-6.1.2/config/output.conf

input {

    file {

        path => "/usr/deploy/server/tomcat/tomcat1/logs/catalina*"

        type => "tomcat-10.10.30.86"

        start_position => "beginning"

        codec => multiline {

        pattern => "^\["

        negate => true

        what => "previous"

        }

    }

    file {

        path => "/usr/deploy/server/openresty/nginx/logs/access_json.log"

        codec => json

        type => "nginx-10.10.30.86"

        start_position => "beginning"

    }

}

output {

    if [type] == "tomcat-10.10.30.86" {

         redis {

         host => "123.206.57.23"

         key => "tomcat"

         data_type => 'list'

         port => "6379"

         db => "6"

        }

}

if [type] == "nginx-10.10.30.86" {

         redis {

         host => "123.206.57.23"

         key => "nginx"

         data_type => 'list'

         port => "6379"

         db => "6"

        }

    }

}

客户端nginx日志设置为json格式的日志，方便显示地图分布图

    log_format json '{"@timestamp":"$time_iso8601",'

        '"host":"$server_addr",'

        '"clientip":"$remote_addr",'

        '"size":$body_bytes_sent,'

        '"responsetime":$request_time,'

        '"upstreamtime":"$upstream_response_time",'

        '"upstreamhost":"$upstream_addr",'

        '"http_host":"$host",'

        '"url":"$uri",'

        '"domain":"$host",'

        '"xff":"$http_x_forwarded_for",'

        '"referer":"$http_referer",'

        '"agent":"$http_user_agent",'

        '"status":"$status"}';

access_log /usr/deploy/server/openresty/nginx/logs/access_json.log  json;

# /data/elk/logstash-6.1.2/bin/logstash -f  /data/elk/logstash-6.1.2/config/input.conf       #启动logstash服务

在浏览器访问：

http://123.206.57.23:5601

五、常用浏览器分析设置

1、显示top10 的ip地址条形统计图

2、在地图上显示访问ip的分布

3、饼状图显示各个时间段的访问数量

4、可以下载到本地的ip统计数据

图形定义完成后保存，在Dashboard面板添加定义好的图形，就显示一组我们需要的图形了。

Dashboard显示如下图：