2018-04-23 Linux学习

Posted 2020-11-01

12.1 LNMP架构介绍

和LAMP不同的是，提供web服务的是 nginx
并且 php 是作为一个独立服务存在的，这个服务叫做php-fpm
Nginx 直接处理静态请求，动态请求会转发给php-fpm

12.2 mysql安装

    cd /usr/local/src
    wget https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/mysql/downloads/MySQL-5.6/mysql-5.6.39-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
    tar zxvf mysql-5.6.39-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
    mv mysql-5.6.39-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql
    cd /usr/local/mysql
    useradd mysql     (或 useradd -r -m -d /data/mysql -s /sbin/nologin mysql )
    mkdir /data/
    ./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysql
    cp support-files/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf
    cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
    vi /etc/init.d/mysqld
        定义 basedir 和 datadir
        basedir=/usr/local/mysql
        datadir=/data/mysql
    /etc/init.d/mysqld start

12.3-4 PHP安装

PHP安装

和LAMP安装PHP方法有差别，需要开启php-fpm服务

cd /usr/local/src

wget http://cn2.php.net/distributions/php-5.6.34.tar.gz
tar zxvf php-5.6.34.tar.gz
useradd -r -s /sbin/nologin php-fpm

cd php-5.6.34

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php-fpm --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php-fpm/etc --enable-fpm --with-fpm-user=php-fpm --with-fpm-group=php-fpm --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config --with-pdo-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-mysql-sock=/tmp/mysql.sock --with-libxml-dir --with-gd --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-freetype-dir --with-iconv-dir --with-zlib-dir --with-mcrypt --enable-soap --enable-gd-native-ttf --enable-ftp --enable-mbstring --enable-exif --with-pear --with-curl --with-openssl
make & make install

yum install -y libcurl-devel

/usr/local/php-fpm/sbin/php-fpm -m
/usr/local/php-fpm/sbin/php-fpm -i
/usr/local/php-fpm/sbin/php-fpm -t

ls /usr/local/php-fpm/etc/

cp php.ini-production /usr/local/php-fpm/etc/php.ini
vim /usr/local/php-fpm/etc/php-fpm.conf
    [global]
    pid = /usr/local/php-fpm/var/run/php-fpm.pid
    error_log = /usr/local/php-fpm/var/log/php-fpm.log
    [www]
    listen = /tmp/php-fcgi.sock
    #listen = 127.0.0.1:9000
    listen.mode = 666
    user = php-fpm
    group = php-fpm
    pm = dynamic
    pm.max_children = 50
    pm.start_servers = 20
    pm.min_spare_servers = 5
    pm.max_spare_servers = 35
    pm.max_requests = 500
    rlimit_files = 1024

cp sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/init.d/php-fpm
chmod 755 /etc/init.d/php-fpm
chkconfig -add php-fpm
chkconfig php-fpm on
service php-fpm start
ps aux |grep php-fpm

操作过程

[[email protected] ~]# cd /usr/local/src/
[[email protected] src]# tar zxvf php-7.2.4.tar.gz
[[email protected] src]# cd php-7.2.4/
[[email protected] php-7.2.4]# useradd -r -s /sbin/nologin php-fpm

[[email protected] php-7.2.4]# yum install -y libcurl-devel

[[email protected] php-7.2.4]# yum install -y libxml2-devel
[[email protected] php-7.2.4]# yum install -y openssl-devel
[[email protected] php-7.2.4]# yum install -y libjpeg-turbo-devel
[[email protected] php-7.2.4]# yum install -y libpng-devel
[[email protected] php-7.2.4]# yum install -y freetype-devel

[[email protected] php-7.2.4]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php-fpm --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php-fpm/etc --enable-fpm --with-fpm-user=php-fpm --with-fpm-group=php-fpm --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config --with-pdo-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-mysql-sock=/tmp/mysql.sock --with-libxml-dir --with-gd --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-freetype-dir --with-iconv-dir --with-zlib-dir --with-mcrypt --enable-soap --enable-gd-native-ttf --enable-ftp --enable-mbstring --enable-exif --with-pear --with-curl --with-openssl

[[email protected] php-7.2.4]# make
[[email protected] php-7.2.4]# make install

[[email protected] php-7.2.4]# /usr/local/php-fpm/sbin/php-fpm -m
[[email protected] php-7.2.4]# /usr/local/php-fpm/sbin/php-fpm -i
[[email protected] php-7.2.4]# /usr/local/php-fpm/sbin/php-fpm -t

[[email protected] php-7.2.4]# ls /usr/local/php-fpm/etc/
pear.conf php-fpm.conf.default

[[email protected] php-7.2.4]# cp php.ini-production /usr/local/php-fpm/etc/php.ini
[[email protected] php-7.2.4]# vim /usr/local/php-fpm/etc/php-fpm.conf
[global]
pid = /usr/local/php-fpm/var/run/php-fpm.pid
error_log = /usr/local/php-fpm/var/log/php-fpm.log
[www]
listen = /tmp/php-fcgi.sock
listen.mode = 666
user = php-fpm
group = php-fpm
pm = dynamic
pm.max_children = 50
pm.start_servers = 20
pm.min_spare_servers = 5
pm.max_spare_servers = 35
pm.max_requests = 500
rlimit_files = 1024

[[email protected] php-7.2.4]# cp sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/init.d/php-fpm
[[email protected] php-7.2.4]# chmod 755 /etc/init.d/php-fpm
[[email protected] php-7.2.4]# chkconfig -add php-fpm
[[email protected] php-7.2.4]# chkconfig php-fpm on
[[email protected] php-7.2.4]# service php-fpm start
[[email protected] php-7.2.4]# ps aux |grep php-fpm

12.5 Nginx介绍

 Nginx官网 nginx.org，最新版1.13，最新稳定版1.12 
 Nginx应用场景：web服务、反向代理、负载均衡
 Nginx著名分支，淘宝基于Nginx开发的Tengine，使用上和Nginx一致，服务名，配置文件名都一样，和Nginx的最大区别在于Tenging增加了一些定制化模块，在安全限速方面表现突出，另外它支持对js，css合并
 Nginx核心+lua相关的组件和模块组成了一个支持lua的高性能web容器openresty，参考http://jinnianshilongnian.iteye.com/blog/2280928