Linux命令01--Coreutils软件包01--认识coreutils

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GNU Core Utilities(Coreutils,GNU的核心工具软件包):包含了对类Unix操作系统上使用的许多基本工具(如cat,ls和rm)的重新实现

GNU coreutils通过合并早期的软件包textutils,shellutils和fileutils以及一些其他杂项工具而创建出来。

Coreutils支持很长的选项作为命令的参数,以及(除非设置了POSIXLY_CORRECT环境变量)松散约定,即使在常规参数之后也允许选项

Coreutils软件包包含了Linux下许多基本的且核心的命令

在CentOS7下获取coreutils源代码包:

 

//通过ls命令的所属软件包来获取coreutils软件包的版本
#rpm -qf /bin/ls 
>>>coreutils-8.22-18.el7.x86_64

//下载yumdownloader工具,yumdownloader是一个从RPM源下载RPM软件包的程序
#yum -y install yum-utils

//使用yumdownloader命令下载源代码,如下:
#yumdownloader --source  coreutils-8.22-18.el7.x86_64

//使用yumdownloader下载到的是rpm软件包 
//需要使用rpm2cpio命令将软件包转为cpio归档文件 
//再使用cpio命令,将cpio归档文件复制提取为另一个tar归档文件 
#rpm2cpio coreutils-8.22-18.el7.src.rpm | cpio -idv coreutils-8.22.tar.xz >>>coreutils-8.22.tar.xz 

//使用tar命令对的coreutils-8.22.tar.xz压缩包进行解压缩 
#tar xf coreutils-8.22.tar.xz 

//coreutils软件包的源代码已经下载到本地,在其目录下,有个src目录 
//存放基本命令(如ls等)的C语言代码 

 

更多的内容可以参考GNU关于coreutils软件包的说明:https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/coreutils.html

coreutils软件包包含的命令列表:

Programs in coreutils 8.27
NameCategoryDescription
chcon File utilities Changes file security context
chgrp File utilities Changes file group ownership
chown File utilities Changes file ownership
chmod File utilities Changes the permissions of a file or directory
cp File utilities Copies a file or directory
dd File utilities Copies and converts a file
df File utilities Shows disk free space on file systems
dir File utilities Is exactly like "ls -C -b". (Files are by default listed in columns and sorted vertically.)
dircolors File utilities Set up color for ls
install File utilities Copies files and set attributes
ln File utilities Creates a link to a file
ls File utilities Lists the files in a directory
mkdir File utilities Creates a directory
mkfifo File utilities Makes (FIFOs)
mknod File utilities Makes block or character special files
mktemp File utilities Creates a temporary file or directory
mv File utilities Moves files or rename files
realpath File utilities Returns the resolved absolute or relative path for a file
rm File utilities Removes (deletes) files, directories, device nodes and symbolic links
rmdir File utilities Removes empty directories
shred File utilities Overwrites a file to hide its contents, and optionally deletes it
sync File utilities Flushes file system buffers
touch File utilities Changes file timestamps
truncate File utilities Shrink or extend the size of a file to the specified size
vdir File utilities Is exactly like "ls -l -b". (Files are by default listed in long format.)
b2sum Text utilities Computes and checks Blake2 message digest
base32 Text utilities base32 encodes or decodes data and prints to standard output
base64 Text utilities base64 encodes or decodes data and prints to standard output
cat Text utilities Concatenates and prints files on the standard output
cksum Text utilities Checksums and count the bytes in a file
comm Text utilities Compares two sorted files line by line
csplit Text utilities Splits a file into sections determined by context lines
cut Text utilities Removes sections from each line of files
expand Text utilities Converts tabs to spaces
fmt Text utilities Simple optimal text formatter
fold Text utilities Wraps each input line to fit in specified width
head Text utilities Outputs the first part of files
join Text utilities Joins lines of two files on a common field
md5sum Text utilities Computes and checks MD5 message digest
nl Text utilities Numbers lines of files
numfmt Text utilities Reformat numbers
od Text utilities Dumps files in octal and other formats
paste Text utilities Merges lines of files
ptx Text utilities Produces a of file contents
pr Text utilities Converts text files for printing
sha1sum,
sha224sum,
sha256sum,
sha384sum,
sha512sum
Text utilities Computes and checks, SHA-224/256/384/512 message digest
shuf Text utilities generate random permutations
sort Text utilities sort lines of text files
split Text utilities Splits a file into pieces
sum Text utilities Checksums and counts the blocks in a file
tac Text utilities Concatenates and prints files in reverse order line by line
tail Text utilities Outputs the last part of files
tr Text utilities Translates or deletes characters
tsort Text utilities Performs a
unexpand Text utilities Converts spaces to tabs
uniq Text utilities Removes duplicate lines from a sorted file
wc Text utilities Prints the number of bytes, words, and lines in files
arch Shell utilities Prints machine hardware name (same as uname -m)
basename Shell utilities Removes the path prefix from a given pathname
chroot Shell utilities Changes the root directory
date Shell utilities Prints or sets the system date and time
dirname Shell utilities Strips non-directory suffix from file name
du Shell utilities Shows disk usage on file systems
echo Shell utilities Displays a specified line of text
env Shell utilities Displays and modifies
expr Shell utilities Evaluates expressions
factor Shell utilities Factors numbers
false Shell utilities Does nothing, but exits unsuccessfully
groups Shell utilities Prints the groups of which the user is a member
hostid Shell utilities Prints the numeric identifier for the current host
id Shell utilities Prints real or effective GID
link Shell utilities Creates a link to a file
logname Shell utilities Print the user‘s login name
nice Shell utilities Modifies scheduling priority
nohup Shell utilities Allows a command to continue running after logging out
nproc Shell utilities Queries the number of (active) processors
pathchk Shell utilities Checks whether file names are valid or portable
pinky Shell utilities A lightweight version of finger
printenv Shell utilities Prints environment variables
printf Shell utilities Formats and prints data
pwd Shell utilities Prints the current working directory
readlink Shell utilities Displays value of a symbolic link
runcon Shell utilities Run command with specified security context
seq Shell utilities Prints a sequence of numbers
sleep Shell utilities Delays for a specified amount of time
stat Shell utilities Returns data about an inode
stdbuf Shell utilities Controls buffering for commands that use stdio
stty Shell utilities Changes and prints terminal line settings
tee Shell utilities Sends output to multiple files
test Shell utilities Evaluates an expression
timeout Shell utilities Run a command with a time limit
true Shell utilities Does nothing, but exits successfully
tty Shell utilities Prints terminal name
uname Shell utilities Prints system information
unlink Shell utilities Removes the specified file using the unlink function
uptime Shell utilities Tells how long the system has been running
users Shell utilities Prints the user names of users currently logged into the current host
who Shell utilities Prints a list of all users currently logged in
whoami Shell utilities Prints the effective userid
yes Shell utilities Prints a string repeatedly
[ Other Utilities A synonym for test; this program permits expressions like [ expression ].









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