nginx实现反向代理 switchhosts tomacat
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工具下载:
nginx下载地址:https://nginx.org/en/download.html (建议下载稳定版)
switchhosts下载地址:https://pan.baidu.com/s/1ddj3WSi-XBO4KB3olEnDEQ(由于hosts的文件路径比较隐蔽,使用switchhosts更加便捷,该软件主要带有两个功能:编辑hosts和切换hosts)
tomcat下载地址:https://tomcat.apache.org/download-90.cgi
正向代理,架设在客户机与目标主机之间,只用于代理内部网络对Internet的连接请求,客户机必须指定代理服务器,并将本来要直接发送到Web服务器上的http请求发送到代理服务器中。
反向代理服务器架设在服务器端,通过缓冲经常被请求的页面来缓解服务器的工作量,将客户机请求转发给内部网络上的目标服务器;并将从服务器上得到的结果返回给Internet上请求连接的客户端,此时代理服务器与目标主机一起对外表现为一个服务器。
接下来实现反向代理
举例说明:
域名和ip的对应 127.0.0.1 8081.max.com 127.0.0.1 8082.max.com(步骤一)
端口号:8081;8082(步骤二)
1.使用switchhosts工具修改hosts文件中配置的域名和ip的对应关系
2.修改tomcat文件下的server.xml(以我安装的路径为例)
为tomcat添加端口:(默认端口号8080)
<Server port="8005" shutdown="SHUTDOWN"> <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener" /> <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener" SSLEngine="on" /> <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.JreMemoryLeakPreventionListener" /> <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.mbeans.GlobalResourcesLifecycleListener" /> <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.ThreadLocalLeakPreventionListener" /> <GlobalNamingResources> <Resource name="UserDatabase" auth="Container" type="org.apache.catalina.UserDatabase" description="User database that can be updated and saved" factory="org.apache.catalina.users.MemoryUserDatabaseFactory" pathname="conf/tomcat-users.xml" /> </GlobalNamingResources> <Service name="Catalina"> <Connector port="8080" protocol="HTTP/1.1" connectionTimeout="20000" redirectPort="8443" /> <Connector port="8009" protocol="AJP/1.3" redirectPort="8443" /> <Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost"> <Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.LockOutRealm"> <Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.UserDatabaseRealm" resourceName="UserDatabase"/> </Realm> <Host name="localhost" appBase="webapps" unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="true"> <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve" directory="logs" prefix="localhost_access_log" suffix=".txt" pattern="%h %l %u %t "%r" %s %b" /> </Host> </Engine> </Service> <Service name="tomcatserver1"> <Connector port="8081" protocol="HTTP/1.1" connectionTimeout="20000" redirectPort="8443" /> <Connector port="8011" protocol="AJP/1.3" redirectPort="8443" /> <Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost"> <Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.LockOutRealm"> <Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.UserDatabaseRealm" resourceName="UserDatabase"/> </Realm> <Host name="localhost" appBase="webapps2" unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="true"> <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve" directory="logs" prefix="localhost_access_log" suffix=".txt" pattern="%h %l %u %t "%r" %s %b" /> </Host> </Engine> </Service> <Service name="tomcatserver2"> <Connector port="8082" protocol="HTTP/1.1" connectionTimeout="20000" redirectPort="8443" /> <Connector port="8012" protocol="AJP/1.3" redirectPort="8443" /> <Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost"> <Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.LockOutRealm"> <Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.UserDatabaseRealm" resourceName="UserDatabase"/> </Realm> <Host name="localhost" appBase="webapps3" unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="true"> <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve" directory="logs" prefix="localhost_access_log" suffix=".txt" pattern="%h %l %u %t "%r" %s %b" /> </Host> </Engine> </Service> </Server>
红色为默认部分,蓝色为添加部分,区分默认部分的位置颜色嵌套;
问题来了:我们tomcat文件中并没有webapps2,webapps3那么需要我们复制webapps
复制后的状态:
3.我们需要解决的是如何使nginx与tomcat服务器进行连接
那么就需要配置nginx.conf,路径与我的安装路径为例
#user nobody; worker_processes 1; #error_log logs/error.log; #error_log logs/error.log notice; #error_log logs/error.log info; #pid logs/nginx.pid; events { worker_connections 1024; } http { include mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; sendfile on; keepalive_timeout 65; upstream tomcatserver1{ server 172.0.0.1:8081; } upstream tomcatserver2{ server 172.0.0.1:8082; } server { listen 80; server_name 8081.max.com; location / { #root html; #index index.html index.htm; proxy_pass http://tomcatserver1; } error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; location = /50x.html { root html; } } server { listen 80; server_name 8082.max.com; location / { #root html1; #index index.html index.htm; proxy_pass http://tomcatserver2; } error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; location = /50x.html { root html1; } } }
重新启动tomcat,运行nginx,访问8081.max.com;和8082.max.com
出现的结果如图
执行成功
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