Given an array S of n integers, are there elements a, b, c in S such that a + b + c = 0? Find all unique triplets in the array which gives the sum of zero.
Note: The solution set must not contain duplicate triplets.
For example, given array S = [-1, 0, 1, 2, -1, -4], A solution set is: [ [-1, 0, 1], [-1, -1, 2] ]
分析:拿到题目,暴力for循环,然后就超时了。这是超时的代码。
class Solution { public List<List<Integer>> threeSum(int[] nums) { List<List<Integer>> list = new ArrayList<List<Integer>>(); if(nums!=null) { int max = 0, min = 0; int index1, index2, index3; index1 = index2 = index3 = 0; for (; index1 < nums.length; index1++) { for (index2 = index1 + 1; index2 < nums.length; index2++) { for (index3 = index2 + 1; index3 < nums.length; index3++) { // 如果满足条件合为1 if (nums[index1] + nums[index2] + nums[index3] == 0) { // 计算三个数中最大值最小值 min = Math.min(Math.min(nums[index1], nums[index2]), nums[index3]); max = Math.max(Math.max(nums[index1], nums[index2]), nums[index3]); if (list == null) { list = new ArrayList<>(); } list.add(Arrays.asList(min, 0 - min - max, max)); } } } } for (int i = 0; i < list.size(); i++) { for (int j = i + 1; j < list.size(); j++) { if (list.get(i).get(0) == list.get(j).get(0) && list.get(i).get(2) == list.get(j).get(2)) { list.get(j).set(0, 1); list.get(j).set(1, 1); list.get(j).set(2, 1); } } } for (int i = 0; i < list.size(); i++) { if (list.get(i).get(0) == 1 && list.get(i).get(1) == 1 && list.get(i).get(2) == 1) { list.remove(i); i--; continue; } } return list; }else return list; } }
没办法,看看别人的答案。
别人的代码比较简单,想法也很简单,只是优化很好,先排序,然后从头开始选定一个数,再从这个数的后一位和数组最后一位开始向前查找,如果满足和为0的,即添加进list,这里优化的点是,如果一开始选定的这个数在向后移动的过程中,他与前一个数一样,那么就跳过这一次,因为会重复,如果后面两个数在移动过程中也遇到了连续相同的两个数,也跳过这次,保证不重复。
public static List<List<Integer>> threeSum(int[] nums) { List<List<Integer>> list = new ArrayList<>(); Arrays.sort(nums); for (int i = 0; i < nums.length - 2; i++) { if (i > 0 && nums[i] == nums[i - 1]) continue; int target = -nums[i]; int lo = i + 1; int hi = nums.length - 1; while (lo < hi) { if (nums[lo] + nums[hi] == target) { list.add(Arrays.asList(nums[i], nums[lo], nums[hi])); lo++; hi--; while (lo<hi&&nums[lo] == nums[lo-1]) lo++; while (lo<hi&&nums[hi] == nums[hi+1]) hi--; } else if (nums[lo] + nums[hi] > target) { hi--; } else { lo++; } } } return list; }
还有一个比较奇葩的错误,中间声明的三个变量target/lo/hi,如果我拿到for语句外面声明,在里面赋值,就超时了,拿进来声明并赋值就可以通过,估计是声明和赋值分开操作会比较耗时吧。