tomcat

Posted 2020-10-21

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apache分别基于mod_proxy_ajp, mod_proxy_http, mod_jk三种方案实现代理、负载均衡、会话绑定及Tomcat session cluster

1、nginx, haproxy, apache(mod_proxy_ajp, mod_proxy_http, mod_jk)反代用户请求至tomcat；

2、nginx, haproxy, apache(mod_proxy_ajp, mod_proxy_http, mod_jk)负载用户请求至tomcat servers；额外实现session sticky；

3、tomcat session cluster;

4、tomcat session server(msm);

规划：

172.16.1.2 apache反代服务器

172.16.1.3 tomcat A

172.16.1.10 tomcat B

说明：

如题，可以选择使用一个去反代用户请求至tomcat，因为apache和Tomcat都是Apache 软件基金会的产品，两者有更好的兼容性，所以选择用apache，并且会以mod_proxy_ajp, mod_proxy_http, mod_jk三种方式分别实现题目要求。

1.方案一：mod_proxy_http

vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/lb_tomcat.conf

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Header add Set-Cookie "ROUTEID=.%{BALANCER_WORKER_ROUTE}e; path=/" env=BALANCER_ROUTE_CHANGED

<Proxy balancer://tcsrvs>
BalancerMember http://172.16.1.10:8080/testapp route=TomcatA loadfactor=1
BalancerMember http://172.16.1.3:8080/testapp route=TomcatB loadfactor=2
ProxySet lbmethod=byrequests
ProxySet stickysession=ROUTEID
</Proxy>

<VirtualHost :80>
ServerName lb.zrs.com
ProxyVia On
ProxyRequests Off
<Proxy >
Require all granted
</Proxy>
ProxyPass / balancer://tcsrvs/
<Location />
Require all granted
</Location>
</VirtualHost>

分别为两个Tomcat的server.xml配置文件中的引擎中添加jvmRoute

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第一个tomcat配置为TomcatA：
<Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost" jvmRoute="TomcatA">

第二个tomcat配置为TomcatB：
<Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost" jvmRoute="TomcatB">

分别为两个Tomcat Server的testapp提供测试页面：

tomcatA:

mkdir -pv /usr/share/tomcat/webapps/testapp/{WEB-INF,classes,lib}

vim /usr/share/tomcat/webapps/testapp/index.jsp

添加如下内容：

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<%@ page language="java" %>
<html>
<head><title>TomcatA</title></head>
<body>
<h1><font color="red">TomcatA.zrs.com</font></h1>
<table align="centre" border="1">
<tr>
<td>Session ID</td>
<% session.setAttribute("zrs.com","zrs.com"); %>
<td><%= session.getId() %></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Created on</td>
<td><%= session.getCreationTime() %></td>
</tr>
</table>
</body>
</html>

tomcatB:

mkdir -pv /usr/share/tomcat/webapps/testapp/{WEB-INF,classes,lib}

vim /usr/share/tomcat/webapps/testapp/index.jsp

添加如下内容：

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<%@ page language="java" %>
<html>
<head><title>TomcatB</title></head>
<body>
<h1><font color="blue">TomcatB.zrs.com</font></h1>
<table align="centre" border="1">
<tr>
<td>Session ID</td>
<% session.setAttribute("zrs.com","zrs.com"); %>
<td><%= session.getId() %></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Created on</td>
<td><%= session.getCreationTime() %></td>
</tr>
</table>
</body>
</html>

客户端测试，因为做了session sticky，会一直调度到后端一台服务器上，如我的一直是TomcatA

A.PNG

关掉TomcatA，便会调度到TomcatB上。

B.PNG

2.方案二：mod_proxy_ajp

使用mod_proxy_ajp，仅需要把mod_proxy_http的http改为ajp，端口8080改为8009即可，需要注意的是前端用了ajp，可以把后端的tomcat的8080端口注释掉，不让其监听，从而使安全性更高。

vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/lb_tomcat.conf

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Header add Set-Cookie "ROUTEID=.%{BALANCER_WORKER_ROUTE}e; path=/" env=BALANCER_ROUTE_CHANGED

<Proxy balancer://tcsrvs>
BalancerMember ajp://172.16.1.10:8009/testapp route=TomcatA loadfactor=1
BalancerMember ajp://172.16.1.3:8009/testapp route=TomcatB loadfactor=2
ProxySet lbmethod=byrequests
ProxySet stickysession=ROUTEID
</Proxy>

<VirtualHost :80>
ServerName lb.qhdlink.com
ProxyVia On
ProxyRequests Off
<Proxy >
Require all granted
</Proxy>
ProxyPass / balancer://tcsrvs/
<Location />
Require all granted
</Location>
</VirtualHost>

关闭session sticky，客户端查看

ajp A.PNG

ajp B.PNG

3.方案三：mod_jk

此方案需要mod_jk模块

需要安装这个文件tomcat-connectors-VERSION.tar.gz

配置文件：

vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/mod_jk_lb.conf
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LoadModule jk_module modules/mod_jk.so
JkWorkersFile /etc/httpd/conf.d/workers.properties
JkLogFile logs/mod_jk.log
JkLogLevel debug
JkMount /* tcsrvs
JkMount /jk-status Stat

vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/workers.properties
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worker.list=tcsrvs,Stat
worker.TomcatA.host=172.16.1.10
worker.TomcatA.port=8009
worker.TomcatA.type=ajp13
worker.TomcatA.lbfactor=1
worker.TomcatB.host=172.16.1.3
worker.TomcatB.port=8009
worker.TomcatB.type=ajp13
worker.TomcatB.lbfactor=2
worker.tcsrvs.type=lb
worker.tcsrvs.balance_workers=TomcatA,TomcatB
worker.tcsrvs.sticky_session=1
worker.Stat.type=status

4.tomcat session cluster

在两个tomcat的server.xml配置启用集群

添加如下配置内容，并且注释掉8080端口

需要注意的是下面的内容中，将address="auto"的auto改为该主机的IP地址

<Cluster className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.SimpleTcpCluster"

channelSendOptions="8">

<Manager className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.DeltaManager"

expireSessionsOnShutdown="false"

notifyListenersOnReplication="true"/>

<Membership className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.membership.McastService"

address="228.100.0.4"

port="45564"

frequency="500"

dropTime="3000"/>

<Receiver className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.nio.NioReceiver"

address="auto"

port="4000"

autoBind="100"

selectorTimeout="5000"

maxThreads="6"/>

</Sender>

</Channel>

<Valve className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.ReplicationValve"

filter=""/>

<Deployer className="org.apache.catalina.ha.deploy.FarmWarDeployer"

tempDir="/tmp/war-temp/"

deployDir="/tmp/war-deploy/"

watchDir="/tmp/war-listen/"

watchEnabled="false"/>

</Cluster>

并且在Host中添加一个Context组件

<Host name="localhost" appBase="webapps"

    unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="true">

<Context path="/test" docBase="/myapps/webapps" reloadable="true"/>

创建目录

[[email protected] tomcat]# mkdir -pv /myapps/webapps/{classes,lib,WEB-INF}

创建测试页面

跟上面的一样，创建AB两个不同的页面

[[email protected] tomcat]# vim /myapps/webapps/index.jsp

复制web.xml到指定目录

[[email protected] tomcat]# cp web.xml /myapps/webapps/WEB-INF/

编辑WEB-INF/web.xml

在任意非段落外添加<distributable/>这个是在 <web 里面

[[email protected] tomcat]# vim /myapps/webapps/WEB-INF/web.xml

反代服务器配置

[[email protected] conf.d]# vim mod_jk_proxy.conf

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LoadModule jk_module modules/mod_jk.so
JkWorkersFile /etc/httpd/conf.d/workers.properties
JkLogFile logs/mod_jk.log
JkLogLevel debug
JkMount /* tcsrvs
JkMount /jk-status Stat

[[email protected] conf.d]# vim workers.properties

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