使用Python中的tkinter模块实现GUI界面的学生信息管理系统

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本文只有代码，介绍了有关GUI界面的学生信息管理系统的实现。

已经过调试没有很大问题。
如有错误，还请批评指正。

1.导入tkinter模块 

import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import messagebox

2.定义一个全局变量储存学生信息 

# 用来存储学生信息的总列表[学号(6位)、姓名、专业、年龄(17~25)、班级(序号)、电话(11位)]
#                        [ID        Name  Major Age         Class       Telephone]
Info = []

3.为了使学生信息的数据持久化，可以将信息写入文件此处命名为'Student_Info.txt'

# 定义一个方法用于使用w模式写入文件：传入已经存好变更好信息的列表，然后遍历写入txt文档
def WriteTxt_w_Mode(Student_List):
    # w:只写入模式，文件不存在则建立，将文件里边的内容先删除再写入
    with open("Student_Info.txt","w",encoding="utf-8") as f:
        for i in range(0,len(Student_List)):
            Info_dict = Student_List[i]
            # 最后一行不写入换行符'\\n'
            if i == len(Student_List) - 1:
                f.write("0\\t1\\t2\\t3\\t4\\t5".format \\
                        (Info_dict["ID"],Info_dict["Name"],Info_dict["Major"],Info_dict["Age"],Info_dict["Class"],Info_dict["Telephone"]))
            else:
                f.write("0\\t1\\t2\\t3\\t4\\t5\\n".format \\
                        (Info_dict["ID"],Info_dict["Name"],Info_dict["Major"],Info_dict["Age"],Info_dict["Class"],Info_dict["Telephone"]))

 4.读取保存的文件信息

# 定义一个方法用于读取文件
def ReadTxt() -> list:
    # 临时列表
    Temp_List1 = []
    Temp_List2 = []
    # 打开同目录下的文件
    f = open("./Student_Info.txt",'r', encoding="utf-8")
    # 遍历，读取文件每一行信息
    for i in f:
        a = str(i)
        b = a.replace('\\n', '')
        Temp_List1.append(b.split("\\t"))
    # 将读写的信息并入临时列表
    while len(Temp_List2) < len(Temp_List1):
        for j in range(0,len(Temp_List1)):
            ID = Temp_List1[j][0]
            Name = Temp_List1[j][1]
            Major = Temp_List1[j][2]
            Age = Temp_List1[j][3]
            Class = Temp_List1[j][4]
            Telephone = Temp_List1[j][5]
            
            Info_dict = "ID":ID,
                         "Name":Name,
                         "Major":Major,
                         "Age":Age,
                         "Class":Class,
                         "Telephone":Telephone
                         
            Temp_List2.append(Info_dict)
    # 关闭文件
    f.close()
    # 将含有学生信息的临时列表返回
    return Temp_List2

 5.为了使每次运行程序可以使用保存的学生信息，将文件信息导入到全局变量里

# 用于将文件里的信息存入全局变量Info中
try:
    for i in ReadTxt():
        Info.append(i)
except:
    pass

 6.用一系列方法检查输入是否规范

# 定于一个方法，用于检查学号是否规范
def is_ID(ID):
    return len(ID) == 6 and ID.isdigit()

# 定于一个方法，用于检查年龄是否规范
def is_Age(Age):
    return Age.isdigit() and 17 <= int(Age) and int(Age) <= 25

# 定于一个方法，用于检查班级是否规范
def is_Class(Class):
    return Class.isdigit() and int(Class) > 0

# 定于一个方法，用于检查电话是否规范
def is_Telephone(Telephone):
    return len(Telephone) == 11 and Telephone.isdigit()

 7.完成相关操作后将有提示信息

# 提示信息
def Tip_Add():
    messagebox.showinfo("提示信息","添加成功")
def Tip_Search():
    messagebox.showinfo("提示信息","查询成功")
def Tip_Del():
    messagebox.showinfo("提示信息","删除成功")
def Tip_Mod():
    messagebox.showinfo("提示信息","修改成功")
def Tip_Add_ID_Repeat():
    messagebox.showinfo("提示信息","此学号已经存在，请勿重复添加！")
def Tip_Del_ID_None():
    messagebox.showinfo("提示信息","此学号不存在，请重新输入！")
def Tip_Search_None():
    messagebox.showinfo("提示信息","未查询到有关学生信息！")
def Tip_Add_ID():
    messagebox.showinfo("提示信息","学号格式有误，请重新输入！")
def Tip_Add_Age():
    messagebox.showinfo("提示信息","年龄格式有误，请重新输入！")
def Tip_Add_Class():
    messagebox.showinfo("提示信息","班级格式有误，请重新输入！")
def Tip_Add_Telephone():
    messagebox.showinfo("提示信息","电话格式有误，请重新输入！")

 8.添加学生信息的主方法

# 1.添加学生信息的主方法
def Add_Student_Info(ID, Name, Major, Age, Class, Telephone):
    # 导入信息
    global Info
    # 检查输入信息是否规范
    if not is_ID(ID):
        Tip_Add_ID()
        return
    for i in Info:
        if ID == i['ID']:
            Tip_Add_ID_Repeat()
            return
    if not is_Age(Age):
        Tip_Add_Age()
        return
    if not is_Class(Class):
        Tip_Add_Class()
        return
    if not is_Telephone(Telephone):
        Tip_Add_Telephone()
        return
    # 用字典整合学生信息
    Info_dict = 'ID':ID, 'Name':Name, 'Major':Major, 'Age':Age, 'Class':Class, 'Telephone':Telephone
    # 将字典存入总列表
    Info.append(Info_dict)
    # 添加成功
    Tip_Add()
    # 将信息写入文件
    WriteTxt_w_Mode(Info)

 9.删除学生信息的主方法

# 2.删除学生信息的主方法
def Del_Student_Info(ID):
    # 检查输入信息是否规范
    if not is_ID(ID):
        Tip_Add_ID()
        return
    # 用于指示是否删除的状态指标
    Flag = True
    # 导入信息
    global Info
    # 遍历，删除学生信息
    for i in Info:
        if ID == i["ID"]:
            Info.remove(i)
            Flag = False
            break
    if Flag:
        Tip_Del_ID_None()
        return
    # 删除成功
    Tip_Del()
    # 将删除后的信息写入文件
    WriteTxt_w_Mode(Info)

 10.打开修改学生信息窗口的方法

# 3.修改学生信息，ID符合条件则打开修改学生信息的窗口
def Mod_Student_Info(ID):
    if not is_ID(ID):
        Tip_Add_ID()
        return
    # 用于指示是否打开窗口的指标
    Flag = True
    global Info
    for i in Info:
        if ID == i["ID"]:
            Window_Mod_Input(ID)
            Flag = False
            break
    if Flag:
        Tip_Del_ID_None()
        return

 11.修改学生信息的主方法

# 3.修改学生信息的主方法
def Mod_Student_Info_1(ID, Name, Major, Age, Class, Telephone):
    # 检查输入信息是否规范
    if not is_ID(ID):
        Tip_Add_ID()
        return
    if not is_Age(Age):
        Tip_Add_Age()
        return
    if not is_Class(Class):
        Tip_Add_Class()
        return
    if not is_Telephone(Telephone):
        Tip_Add_Telephone()
        return
    # 导入信息
    global Info
    # 遍历，修改学生信息
    for i in Info:
        if i["ID"] == ID:
            i["Name"] = Name
            i["Major"] = Major
            i["Age"] = Age
            i["Class"] = Class
            i["Telephone"] = Telephone
    # 修改成功
    Tip_Mod()
    # 将修改后的信息写入文件
    WriteTxt_w_Mode(Info)

12.查找学生信息的主方法 

# 4.查找学生信息的主方法
def Search_Student_Info(ID, Name, Major, Age, Class, Telephone):
    # 检查输入是否规范，规范的和空字符串通过
    if len(ID) != 0 and not is_ID(ID):
        Tip_Add_ID()
        return
    if len(Age) != 0 and not is_Age(Age):
        Tip_Add_Age()
        return
    if len(Class) != 0 and not is_Class(Class):
        Tip_Add_Class()
        return
    if len(Telephone) != 0 and not is_Telephone(Telephone):
        Tip_Add_Telephone()
        return
    # 导入信息
    global Info
    # 临时列表
    List = []
    # 用来指示是否查找到学生的信息指标
    Flag = False
    # 遍历，根据输入的部分信息找到符合条件的学生
    for i in Info:
        if (i["ID"]==ID or len(ID)==0)and \\
            (i["Name"]==Name or len(Name)==0)and \\
            (i["Major"]==Major or len(Major)==0)and \\
            (i["Age"]==Age or len(Age)==0)and \\
            (i["Class"]==Class or len(Class)==0)and \\
            (i["Telephone"]==Telephone or len(Telephone)==0)and \\
            (len(ID)!=0 or len(Name)!=0 or len(Major)!=0 or len(Age)!=0 or len(Class)!=0 or len(Telephone)!=0 ):
            List.append(i)
    if len(List) != 0:
        Flag = True
    # 在主界面打印符合条件学生信息
    Print_Student_Info(List)
    # 是否查找成功
    if Flag:
        Tip_Search()
    else:
        Tip_Search_None()

 13.显示所有学生信息的主方法

# 5.显示所有学生的主方法
def Print_Student_Info(Student_Info):
    # 定义一个字符串用于存储想要输出显示的内容
    str_out = ""
    # 学生信息为空将返回
    if Student_Info is None:
        result.set("学生信息为空")
        return
    if len(Student_Info) == 0:
        result.set("无学生信息")
        return
    # 学生信息不为空
    if len(Student_Info) != 0:
        str_out += "学生信息如下：\\n"
        # 显示信息标题
        str_out += (":^7".format("学生学号") +
                    ":^7".format("学生姓名") +
                    ":^7".format("学生专业") +
                    ":^7".format("学生年龄") +
                    ":^5".format("班级") +
                    ":^9".format("电话号码") +
                    "\\n")
        for i in range(0, len(Student_Info)):
            # 格式化字符串
            str_out += (":^".format(Student_Info[i].get("ID")) + ' '*(11-Len_Str(Student_Info[i].get("ID"))) +
                        ":^".format(Student_Info[i].get("Name")) +' '*(11-Len_Str(Student_Info[i].get("Name")))+
                        ":^".format(Student_Info[i].get("Major")) +' '*(13-Len_Str(Student_Info[i].get("Major")))+
                        ":^".format(Student_Info[i].get("Age")) +' '*(10-Len_Str(Student_Info[i].get("Age")))+
                        ":^".format(Student_Info[i].get("Class")) +' '*(5-Len_Str(Student_Info[i].get("Class")))+
                        ":^".format(Student_Info[i].get("Telephone")) +' '*(11-Len_Str(Student_Info[i].get("Telephone")))+
                        "\\n")
        # 在主界面显示学生信息
        result.set(str_out)

13.1 问题一：格式化字符排版问题

 >>>在字符串长度的计算中，中文和西文的字符串长度不一致，这会导致排版出错 <<<

解决方法一：可以自定义字符串计算函数，用西文空格填补

# 定义一个方法，用于判断是否为中文字符
def is_Chinese(ch):
    if ch >= '\\u4e00' and ch <='\\u9fa5':
        return True
    else:
        return False

# 定义一个方法，用于计算中西文混合字符串的字符串长度
def Len_Str(string):
    count = 0
    for line in string:
        if is_Chinese(line):
            count = count + 2
        else:
            count = count + 1
    return count

 

解决方法二：如果只是纯中文文本，可以用chr(12288)，用中文空格填补（但在中西文混合的字符串仍然会出现排版不齐的情况）

 14.添加学生信息的窗口

# 添加学生信息的窗口
def Window_Add():
    
    # 实例化对象，创建root的子窗口window
    window = tk.Toplevel(root)
    # 窗口名字
    window.title("添加学生信息")
    # 窗口大小
    window.geometry('500x500')
    
    # 关于学号的 label 和 entry
    Txt_ID = tk.StringVar()
    Txt_ID.set("")
    Label_Line1 = tk.Label(window, text = "学   号 (6 位)：", font = ('Arial', 10), width = 15).place(x = 75, y = 50, anchor = 'nw')
    Entry_Line1 = tk.Entry(window, show = None, font = ('宋体', 15), textvariable = Txt_ID, width = 20)
    Entry_Line1.place(x = 200, y = 50, anchor = 'nw')
    
    # 关于姓名的 label 和 entry
    Txt_Name = tk.StringVar()
    Txt_Name.set("")
    Label_Line2 = tk.Label(window, text = "姓   名：", font = ('Arial', 10), width = 15).place(x = 75, y = 100, anchor = 'nw')
    Entry_Line2 = tk.Entry(window, show = None, font = ('宋体', 15), textvariable = Txt_Name, width = 20)
    Entry_Line2.place(x = 200, y = 100, anchor = 'nw')
    
    # 关于专业的 label 和 entry
    Txt_Major = tk.StringVar()
    Txt_Major.set("")
    Label_Line3 = tk.Label(window, text = "专   业：", font = ('Arial', 10), width = 15).place(x = 75, y = 150, anchor = 'nw')
    Entry_Line3 = tk.Entry(window, show = None, font = ('宋体', 15), textvariable = Txt_Major, width = 20)
    Entry_Line3.place(x = 200, y = 150, anchor = 'nw')
    
    # 关于年龄的 label 和 entry
    Txt_Age = tk.StringVar()
    Txt_Age.set("")
    Label_Line4 = tk.Label(window, text = "年   龄 (17~21)：", font = ('Arial', 10), width = 15).place(x = 75, y = 200, anchor = 'nw')
    Entry_Line4 = tk.Entry(window, show = None, font = ('宋体', 15), textvariable = Txt_Age, width = 20)
    Entry_Line4.place(x = 200, y = 200, anchor = 'nw')
    
    # 关于班级的 label 和 entry
    Txt_Class = tk.StringVar()
    Txt_Class.set("")
    Label_Line5 = tk.Label(window, text = "班   级 (序号)：", font = ('Arial', 10), width = 15).place(x = 75, y = 250, anchor = 'nw')
    Entry_Line5 = tk.Entry(window, show = None, font = ('宋体', 15), textvariable = Txt_Class, width = 20)
    Entry_Line5.place(x = 200, y = 250, anchor = 'nw')
    
    # 关于电话的 label 和 entry
    Txt_Telephone = tk.StringVar()
    Txt_Telephone.set("")
    Label_Line6 = tk.Label(window, text = "电   话 (11位)：", font = ('Arial', 10), width = 15).place(x = 75, y = 300, anchor = 'nw')
    Entry_Line6 = tk.Entry(window, show = None, font = ('宋体', 15), textvariable = Txt_Telephone, width = 20)
    Entry_Line6.place(x = 200, y = 300, anchor = 'nw')
    
    # 关于"确认"组件，此处绑定函数Add_Student_Info用于添加学生信息
    Button1_Yes = tk.Button(window, text = '确认', bg = 'silver', font = ('Arial', 12), command = lambda:Add_Student_Info(Txt_ID.get(), Txt_Name.get(), Txt_Major.get(),Txt_Age.get(),Txt_Class.get(),Txt_Telephone.get()), width = 10)
    Button1_Yes.place(x = 75, y = 400, anchor = 'nw')
    # 关于"取消"组件，此处绑定函数destroy()用于关闭窗口
    Button2_No = tk.Button(window, text = '取消', bg = 'silver', font = ('Arial', 12), command = lambda:window.destroy(), width = 10)
    Button2_No.place(x = 325, y = 400, anchor = 'nw')
    
    # 窗口显示
    window.mainloop()

14.1 问题二：不能读取到输入框内容

>>> 在使用get()函数时，如Txt_ID.get()不能读取到输入框的内容

解决方法:创立窗口时定义为主窗口的子窗口，如果为window=tk.TK()，将运行错误

window = tk.Toplevel(root)

14.2 问题三： Tk.Button中command指令无法执行有传参的函数

>>>在Button中使用command时，如果绑定的方法有参数的传递，不能写成这样：

command = func(int a, int b)

>>> 如果写成这样，那么在调试时会直接执行，即不用点击按钮就执行

 解决方法：使用lambda

 15.删除学生信息的窗口

# 删除学生信息的窗口
def Window_Del():
    # 创建root的子窗口
    window = tk.Toplevel(root)
    window.title("删除学生信息")
    window.geometry('500x300')
    # 关于学号的 label 和 entry
    Txt_ID = tk.StringVar()
    Txt_ID.set("")
    Label_Line1 = tk.Label(window, text = "学   号 (6 位)：", font = ('Arial', 10), width = 15).place(x = 75, y = 100, anchor = 'nw')
    Entry_Line1 = tk.Entry(window, show = None, font = ('宋体', 15), textvariable = Txt_ID, width = 20)
    Entry_Line1.place(x = 200, y = 100, anchor = 'nw')
    # 关于"确认"组件，此处绑定函数Del_Student_Info用于删除学生信息
    Button1_Yes = tk.Button(window, text = '确认', bg = 'silver', font = ('Arial', 12), command = lambda:Del_Student_Info(Txt_ID.get()), width = 10)
    Button1_Yes.place(x = 75, y = 200, anchor = 'nw')
    # 关于"取消"组件，此处绑定函数destroy()用于关闭窗口
    Button2_No = tk.Button(window, text = '取消', bg = 'silver', font = ('Arial', 12), command = lambda:window.destroy(), width = 10)
    Button2_No.place(x = 325, y = 200, anchor = 'nw')
    # tk.StringVar()用于接收用户输入
    result = tk.StringVar()
    result.set(">>>请先通过'查询学生信息'查询待删除学生的学号<<<")
    # 在界面中显示文本框,打印result的信息
    Show_result = tk.Label(window, bg = "white", fg = "black", font = ("宋体", 12), bd = '0', anchor = 'nw', textvariable = result)
    Show_result.place(x = "50", y = "50", width = "400", height = "50")
    # 显示窗口
    window.mainloop()

 16.修改学生信息的窗口

# 修改学生信息的窗口
def Window_Mod():
    # 创建root的子窗口
    window = tk.Toplevel(root)
    window.title("修改学生信息")
    window.geometry('500x300')
    # 关于学号的 label 和 entry
    Txt_ID = tk.StringVar()
    Txt_ID.set("")
    Label_Line1 = tk.Label(window, text = "学   号 (6 位)：", font = ('Arial', 10), width = 15).place(x = 75, y = 100, anchor = 'nw')
    Entry_Line1 = tk.Entry(window, show = None, font = ('宋体', 15), textvariable = Txt_ID, width = 20)
    Entry_Line1.place(x = 200, y = 100, anchor = 'nw')
    # 关于"确认"组件，此处绑定函数Mod_Student_Info用于修改学生信息
    Button1_Yes = tk.Button(window, text = '确认', bg = 'silver', font = ('Arial', 12), command = lambda:Mod_Student_Info(Txt_ID.get()), width = 10)
    Button1_Yes.place(x = 75, y = 200, anchor = 'nw')
    # 关于"取消"组件，此处绑定函数destroy()用于关闭窗口
    Button2_No = tk.Button(window, text = '取消', bg = 'silver', font = ('Arial', 12), command = lambda:window.destroy(), width = 10)
    Button2_No.place(x = 325, y = 200, anchor = 'nw')
    # 在界面中显示文本框,打印result的信息
    result = tk.StringVar()
    result.set(">>>请先通过'查询学生信息'查询待修改学生的学号<<<")
    Show_result = tk.Label(window, bg = "white", fg = "black", font = ("宋体", 12), bd = '0', anchor = 'nw', textvariable = result)
    Show_result.place(x = "50", y = "50", width = "400", height = "50")
    #显示窗口
    window.mainloop()

 17.输入修改学生信息的窗口

# 输入修改学生信息的窗口
def Window_Mod_Input(ID):
    # 创建root的子窗口
    window = tk.Toplevel(root)
    window.title("修改学生信息")
    window.geometry('500x500')
    # 关于姓名的 label 和 entry
    Txt_Name = tk.StringVar()
    Txt_Name.set("")
    Label_Line2 = tk.Label(window, text = "姓   名：", font = ('Arial', 10), width = 15).place(x = 75, y = 100, anchor = 'nw')
    Entry_Line2 = tk.Entry(window, show = None, font = ('宋体', 15), textvariable = Txt_Name, width = 20)
    Entry_Line2.place(x = 200, y = 100, anchor = 'nw')
    # 关于专业的 label 和 entry
    Txt_Major = tk.StringVar()
    Txt_Major.set("")
    Label_Line3 = tk.Label(window, text = "专   业：", font = ('Arial', 10), width = 15).place(x = 75, y = 150, anchor = 'nw')
    Entry_Line3 = tk.Entry(window, show = None, font = ('宋体', 15), textvariable = Txt_Major, width = 20)
    Entry_Line3.place(x = 200, y = 150, anchor = 'nw')
    # 关于年龄的 label 和 entry
    Txt_Age = tk.StringVar()
    Txt_Age.set("")
    Label_Line4 = tk.Label(window, text = "年   龄 (17~21)：", font = ('Arial', 10), width = 15).place(x = 75, y = 200, anchor = 'nw')
    Entry_Line4 = tk.Entry(window, show = None, font = ('宋体', 15), textvariable = Txt_Age, width = 20)
    Entry_Line4.place(x = 200, y = 200, anchor = 'nw')
    # 关于班级的 label 和 entry
    Txt_Class = tk.StringVar()
    Txt_Class.set("")
    Label_Line5 = tk.Label(window, text = "班   级 (序号)：", font = ('Arial', 10), width = 15).place(x = 75, y = 250, anchor = 'nw')
    Entry_Line5 = tk.Entry(window, show = None, font = ('宋体', 15), textvariable = Txt_Class, width = 20)
    Entry_Line5.place(x = 200, y = 250, anchor = 'nw')
    # 关于电话的 label 和 entry
    Txt_Telephone = tk.StringVar()
    Txt_Telephone.set("")
    Label_Line6 = tk.Label(window, text = "电   话 (11位)：", font = ('Arial', 10), width = 15).place(x = 75, y = 300, anchor = 'nw')
    Entry_Line6 = tk.Entry(window, show = None, font = ('宋体', 15), textvariable = Txt_Telephone, width = 20)
    Entry_Line6.place(x = 200, y = 300, anchor = 'nw')
    # 关于"确认"组件，此处绑定函数Mod_Student_Info_1用于修改学生信息
    Button1_Yes = tk.Button(window, text = '确认', bg = 'silver', font = ('Arial', 12), command = lambda:Mod_Student_Info_1(ID, Txt_Name.get(), Txt_Major.get(),Txt_Age.get(),Txt_Class.get(),Txt_Telephone.get()), width = 10)
    Button1_Yes.place(x = 75, y = 400, anchor = 'nw')
    # 关于"取消"组件，此处绑定函数destroy()用于关闭窗口
    Button2_No = tk.Button(window, text = '取消', bg = 'silver', font = ('Arial', 12), command = lambda:window.destroy(), width = 10)
    Button2_No.place(x = 325, y = 400, anchor = 'nw')
    # 在界面中显示文本框,打印result的信息
    result = tk.StringVar()
    result.set("            >>>请输入修改后的信息<<<")
    Show_result = tk.Label(window, bg = "white", fg = "black", font = ("宋体", 12), bd = '0', anchor = 'nw', textvariable = result)
    Show_result.place(x = "50", y = "50", width = "400", height = "50")
    # 显示窗口
    window.mainloop()

 18.查找学生信息的窗口

# 查找学生信息的窗口
def Window_Ser():
    # 创建root的子窗口
    window = tk.Toplevel(root)
    window.title("查询学生信息")
    window.geometry('500x500')
    # 关于学号的 label 和 entry
    Txt_ID = tk.StringVar()
    Txt_ID.set("")
    Label_Line1 = tk.Label(window, text = "学   号 (6 位)：", font = ('Arial', 10), width = 15).place(x = 75, y = 100, anchor = 'nw')
    Entry_Line1 = tk.Entry(window, show = None, font = ('宋体', 15), textvariable = Txt_ID, width = 20)
    Entry_Line1.place(x = 200, y = 100, anchor = 'nw')
    # 关于姓名的 label 和 entry
    Txt_Name = tk.StringVar()
    Txt_Name.set("")
    Label_Line2 = tk.Label(window, text = "姓   名：", font = ('Arial', 10), width = 15).place(x = 75, y = 150, anchor = 'nw')
    Entry_Line2 = tk.Entry(window, show = None, font = ('宋体', 15), textvariable = Txt_Name, width = 20)
    Entry_Line2.place(x = 200, y = 150, anchor = 'nw')
    # 关于专业的 label 和 entry
    Txt_Major = tk.StringVar()
    Txt_Major.set("")
    Label_Line3 = tk.Label(window, text = "专   业：", font = ('Arial', 10), width = 15).place(x = 75, y = 200, anchor = 'nw')
    Entry_Line3 = tk.Entry(window, show = None, font = ('宋体', 15), textvariable = Txt_Major, width = 20)
    Entry_Line3.place(x = 200, y = 200, anchor = 'nw')
    # 关于年龄的 label 和 entry
    Txt_Age = tk.StringVar()
    Txt_Age.set("")
    Label_Line4 = tk.Label(window, text = "年   龄 (17~21)：", font = ('Arial', 10), width = 15).place(x = 75, y = 250, anchor = 'nw')
    Entry_Line4 = tk.Entry(window, show = None, font = ('宋体', 15), textvariable = Txt_Age, width = 20)
    Entry_Line4.place(x = 200, y = 250, anchor = 'nw')
    # 关于班级的 label 和 entry
    Txt_Class = tk.StringVar()
    Txt_Class.set("")
    Label_Line5 = tk.Label(window, text = "班   级 (序号)：", font = ('Arial', 10), width = 15).place(x = 75, y = 300, anchor = 'nw')
    Entry_Line5 = tk.Entry(window, show = None, font = ('宋体', 15), textvariable = Txt_Class, width = 20)
    Entry_Line5.place(x = 200, y = 300, anchor = 'nw')
    # 关于电话的 label 和 entry
    Txt_Telephone = tk.StringVar()
    Txt_Telephone.set("")
    Label_Line6 = tk.Label(window, text = "电   话 (11位)：", font = ('Arial', 10), width = 15).place(x = 75, y = 350, anchor = 'nw')
    Entry_Line6 = tk.Entry(window, show = None, font = ('宋体', 15), textvariable = Txt_Telephone, width = 20)
    Entry_Line6.place(x = 200, y = 350, anchor = 'nw')
    # 关于"确认"组件，此处绑定函数Search_Student_Info用于修改学生信息
    Button1_Yes = tk.Button(window, text = '确认', bg = 'silver', font = ('Arial', 12), command = lambda:Search_Student_Info(Txt_ID.get(), Txt_Name.get(), Txt_Major.get(),Txt_Age.get(),Txt_Class.get(),Txt_Telephone.get()), width = 10)
    Button1_Yes.place(x = 75, y = 400, anchor = 'nw')
    # 关于"取消"组件，此处绑定函数destroy()用于关闭窗口
    Button2_No = tk.Button(window, text = '取消', bg = 'silver', font = ('Arial', 12), command = lambda:window.destroy(), width = 10)
    Button2_No.place(x = 325, y = 400, anchor = 'nw')
    # 在界面中显示文本框,打印result的信息
    result = tk.StringVar()
    result.set("   >>>请输入待查找学生的部分信息(可不全填)<<<")
    Show_result = tk.Label(window, bg = "white", fg = "black", font = ("宋体", 12), bd = '0', anchor = 'nw', textvariable = result)
    Show_result.place(x = "50", y = "50", width = "400", height = "50")
    # 显示窗口
    window.mainloop()

 19.退出管理系统的窗口

# 退出管理系统的窗口
def Window_Exit():
    # 创建root的子窗口
    window = tk.Toplevel()
    window.title("退出管理系统")
    window.geometry('400x300')
    # 关于"确认"组件，此处绑定函数destroy()用于关闭主窗口
    Button1_Yes = tk.Button(window, text = '确认', bg = 'silver', font = ('Arial', 12), command = lambda:root.destroy(), width = 10)
    Button1_Yes.place(x = 50, y = 200, anchor = 'nw')
    # 关于"取消"组件，此处绑定函数destroy()用于关闭窗口
    Button2_No = tk.Button(window, text = '取消', bg = 'silver', font = ('Arial', 12), command = lambda:window.destroy(), width = 10)
    Button2_No.place(x = 250, y = 200, anchor = 'nw')
    # 在界面中显示文本框,打印result的信息
    result = tk.StringVar()
    result.set("   >>>您确认离开系统吗？<<<")
    Show_result = tk.Label(window, bg = "white", fg = "black", font = ("宋体", 15), bd = '0', anchor = 'nw', textvariable = result)
    Show_result.place(x = "50", y = "75", width = "300", height = "50")
    # 显示窗口
    window.mainloop()

 20.主窗口

# 如果该文件是程序运行的主文件，将会运行以下代码
if __name__ == '__main__':
    # 创建主窗口
    root = tk.Tk()
    root.title("学生信息管理系统 V1.1")
    root.geometry('900x400')
    # 关于"添加学生信息"组件，此处绑定函数Search_Student_Info用于修改学生信息
    Button1_Add = tk.Button(root, text = '添 加 学 生 信 息', bg = 'silver', font = ('Arial', 12), command = Window_Add, width = 20)
    Button1_Add.place(x = 50, y = 50, anchor = 'nw')
    
    Button2_Del = tk.Button(root, text = '删 除 学 生 信 息', bg = 'silver', font = ('Arial', 12), command = Window_Del, width = 20)
    Button2_Del.place(x = 50, y = 100, anchor = 'nw')
    
    Button3_Mod = tk.Button(root, text = '修 改 学 生 信 息', bg = 'silver', font = ('Arial', 12), command = Window_Mod, width = 20)
    Button3_Mod.place(x = 50, y = 150, anchor = 'nw')
    
    Button4_Ser = tk.Button(root, text = '查 询 学 生 信 息', bg = 'silver', font = ('Arial', 12), command = Window_Ser, width = 20)
    Button4_Ser.place(x = 50, y = 200, anchor = 'nw')
    
    Button5_Show = tk.Button(root, text = '显 示 学 生 信 息', bg = 'silver', font = ('Arial', 12), command = lambda:Print_Student_Info(Info), width = 20)
    Button5_Show.place(x = 50, y = 250, anchor = 'nw')
    
    Button6_Exit = tk.Button(root, text = '退 出 管 理 系 统', bg = 'silver', font = ('Arial', 12), command = Window_Exit, width = 20)
    Button6_Exit.place(x = 50, y = 300, anchor = 'nw')
    
    result = tk.StringVar()
    result.set(">>>欢迎使用学生信息管理系统<<<\\n   Edition:  V1.1   \\n   @Author:  Marshal\\nComplete Time:  2022/10/14")
    Show_result = tk.Label(root, bg = "white", fg = "black", font = ("宋体", 12), bd = '0', anchor = 'nw', textvariable = result)
    Show_result.place(x = "300", y = "50", width = "520", height = "300")
    
    root.mainloop()

>>>以下是总代码<<<

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
Created on Wed Oct  5 09:34:15 2022

@author: Marshal
"""
# 使用tkinter模块实现GUI界面
import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import messagebox

# 用来存储学生信息的总列表[学号(6位)、姓名、专业、年龄(17~25)、班级(序号)、电话(11位)]
#                        [ID        Name  Major Age         Class       Telephone]
Info = []

# 定义一个方法用于使用w模式写入文件：传入已经存好变更好信息的列表，然后遍历写入txt文档
def WriteTxt_w_Mode(Student_List):
    # w:只写入模式，文件不存在则建立，将文件里边的内容先删除再写入
    with open("Student_Info.txt","w",encoding="utf-8") as f:
        for i in range(0,len(Student_List)):
            Info_dict = Student_List[i]
            # 最后一行不写入换行符'\\n'
            if i == len(Student_List) - 1:
                f.write("0\\t1\\t2\\t3\\t4\\t5".format \\
                        (Info_dict["ID"],Info_dict["Name"],Info_dict["Major"],Info_dict["Age"],Info_dict["Class"],Info_dict["Telephone"]))
            else:
                f.write("0\\t1\\t2\\t3\\t4\\t5\\n".format \\
                        (Info_dict["ID"],Info_dict["Name"],Info_dict["Major"],Info_dict["Age"],Info_dict["Class"],Info_dict["Telephone"]))

# 定义一个方法用于读取文件
def ReadTxt() -> list:
    # 临时列表
    Temp_List1 = []
    Temp_List2 = []
    # 打开同目录下的文件
    f = open("./Student_Info.txt",'r', encoding="utf-8")
    # 遍历，读取文件每一行信息
    for i in f:
        a = str(i)
        b = a.replace('\\n', '')
        Temp_List1.append(b.split("\\t"))
    # 将读写的信息并入临时列表
    while len(Temp_List2) < len(Temp_List1):
        for j in range(0,len(Temp_List1)):
            ID = Temp_List1[j][0]
            Name = Temp_List1[j][1]
            Major = Temp_List1[j][2]
            Age = Temp_List1[j][3]
            Class = Temp_List1[j][4]
            Telephone = Temp_List1[j][5]
            
            Info_dict = "ID":ID,
                         "Name":Name,
                         "Major":Major,
                         "Age":Age,
                         "Class":Class,
                         "Telephone":Telephone
                         
            Temp_List2.append(Info_dict)
    # 关闭文件
    f.close()
    # 将含有学生信息的临时列表返回
    return Temp_List2

# 定于一个方法，用于检查学号是否规范
def is_ID(ID):
    return len(ID) == 6 and ID.isdigit()

# 定于一个方法，用于检查年龄是否规范
def is_Age(Age):
    return Age.isdigit() and 17 <= int(Age) and int(Age) <= 25

# 定于一个方法，用于检查班级是否规范
def is_Class(Class):
    return Class.isdigit() and int(Class) > 0

# 定于一个方法，用于检查电话是否规范
def is_Telephone(Telephone):
    return len(Telephone) == 11 and Telephone.isdigit()

# 定义一个方法，用于判断是否为中文字符
def is_Chinese(ch):
    if ch >= '\\u4e00' and ch <='\\u9fa5':
        return True
    else:
        return False

# 定义一个方法，用于计算中西文混合字符串的字符串长度
def Len_Str(string):
    count = 0
    for line in string:
        if is_Chinese(line):
            count = count + 2
        else:
            count = count + 1
    return count

# 提示信息
def Tip_Add():
    messagebox.showinfo("提示信息","添加成功")
def Tip_Search():
    messagebox.showinfo("提示信息","查询成功")
def Tip_Del():
    messagebox.showinfo("提示信息","删除成功")
def Tip_Mod():
    messagebox.showinfo("提示信息","修改成功")
def Tip_Add_ID_Repeat():
    messagebox.showinfo("提示信息","此学号已经存在，请勿重复添加！")
def Tip_Del_ID_None():
    messagebox.showinfo("提示信息","此学号不存在，请重新输入！")
def Tip_Search_None():
    messagebox.showinfo("提示信息","未查询到有关学生信息！")
def Tip_Add_ID():
    messagebox.showinfo("提示信息","学号格式有误，请重新输入！")
def Tip_Add_Age():
    messagebox.showinfo("提示信息","年龄格式有误，请重新输入！")
def Tip_Add_Class():
    messagebox.showinfo("提示信息","班级格式有误，请重新输入！")
def Tip_Add_Telephone():
    messagebox.showinfo("提示信息","电话格式有误，请重新输入！")
    
# 1.添加学生信息的主方法
def Add_Student_Info(ID, Name, Major, Age, Class, Telephone):
    # 导入信息
    global Info
    # 检查输入信息是否规范
    if not is_ID(ID):
        Tip_Add_ID()
        return
    for i in Info:
        if ID == i['ID']:
            Tip_Add_ID_Repeat()
            return
    if not is_Age(Age):
        Tip_Add_Age()
        return
    if not is_Class(Class):
        Tip_Add_Class()
        return
    if not is_Telephone(Telephone):
        Tip_Add_Telephone()
        return
    # 用字典整合学生信息
    Info_dict = 'ID':ID, 'Name':Name, 'Major':Major, 'Age':Age, 'Class':Class, 'Telephone':Telephone
    # 将字典存入总列表
    Info.append(Info_dict)
    # 添加成功
    Tip_Add()
    # 将信息写入文件
    WriteTxt_w_Mode(Info)
    
# 2.删除学生信息的主方法
def Del_Student_Info(ID):
    # 检查输入信息是否规范
    if not is_ID(ID):
        Tip_Add_ID()
        return
    # 用于指示是否删除的状态指标
    Flag = True
    # 导入信息
    global Info
    # 遍历，删除学生信息
    for i in Info:
        if ID == i["ID"]:
            Info.remove(i)
            Flag = False
            break
    if Flag:
        Tip_Del_ID_None()
        return
    # 删除成功
    Tip_Del()
    # 将删除后的信息写入文件
    WriteTxt_w_Mode(Info)

# 3.修改学生信息，ID符合条件则打开修改学生信息的窗口
def Mod_Student_Info(ID):
    if not is_ID(ID):
        Tip_Add_ID()
        return
    # 用于指示是否打开窗口的指标
    Flag = True
    global Info
    for i in Info:
        if ID == i["ID"]:
            Window_Mod_Input(ID)
            Flag = False
            break
    if Flag:
        Tip_Del_ID_None()
        return

# 3.修改学生信息的主方法
def Mod_Student_Info_1(ID, Name, Major, Age, Class, Telephone):
    # 检查输入信息是否规范
    if not is_ID(ID):
        Tip_Add_ID()
        return
    if not is_Age(Age):
        Tip_Add_Age()
        return
    if not is_Class(Class):
        Tip_Add_Class()
        return
    if not is_Telephone(Telephone):
        Tip_Add_Telephone()
        return
    # 导入信息
    global Info
    # 遍历，修改学生信息
    for i in Info:
        if i["ID"] == ID:
            i["Name"] = Name
            i["Major"] = Major
            i["Age"] = Age
            i["Class"] = Class
            i["Telephone"] = Telephone
    # 修改成功
    Tip_Mod()
    # 将修改后的信息写入文件
    WriteTxt_w_Mode(Info)
            
# 4.查找学生信息的主方法
def Search_Student_Info(ID, Name, Major, Age, Class, Telephone):
    # 检查输入是否规范，规范的和空字符串通过
    if len(ID) != 0 and not is_ID(ID):
        Tip_Add_ID()
        return
    if len(Age) != 0 and not is_Age(Age):
        Tip_Add_Age()
        return
    if len(Class) != 0 and not is_Class(Class):
        Tip_Add_Class()
        return
    if len(Telephone) != 0 and not is_Telephone(Telephone):
        Tip_Add_Telephone()
        return
    # 导入信息
    global Info
    # 临时列表
    List = []
    # 用来指示是否查找到学生的信息指标
    Flag = False
    # 遍历，根据输入的部分信息找到符合条件的学生
    for i in Info:
        if (i["ID"]==ID or len(ID)==0)and \\
            (i["Name"]==Name or len(Name)==0)and \\
            (i["Major"]==Major or len(Major)==0)and \\
            (i["Age"]==Age or len(Age)==0)and \\
            (i["Class"]==Class or len(Class)==0)and \\
            (i["Telephone"]==Telephone or len(Telephone)==0)and \\
            (len(ID)!=0 or len(Name)!=0 or len(Major)!=0 or len(Age)!=0 or len(Class)!=0 or len(Telephone)!=0 ):
            List.append(i)
    if len(List) != 0:
        Flag = True
    # 在主界面打印符合条件学生信息
    Print_Student_Info(List)
    # 是否查找成功
    if Flag:
        Tip_Search()
    else:
        Tip_Search_None()
            
# 5.显示所有学生的主方法
def Print_Student_Info(Student_Info):
    # 定义一个字符串用于存储想要输出显示的内容
    str_out = ""
    # 学生信息为空将返回
    if Student_Info is None:
        result.set("学生信息为空")
        return
    if len(Student_Info) == 0:
        result.set("无学生信息")
        return
    # 学生信息不为空
    if len(Student_Info) != 0:
        str_out += "学生信息如下：\\n"
        # 显示信息标题
        str_out += (":^7".format("学生学号") +
                    ":^7".format("学生姓名") +
                    ":^7".format("学生专业") +
                    ":^7".format("学生年龄") +
                    ":^5".format("班级") +
                    ":^9".format("电话号码") +
                    "\\n")
        for i in range(0, len(Student_Info)):
            # 格式化字符串
            str_out += (":^".format(Student_Info[i].get("ID")) + ' '*(11-Len_Str(Student_Info[i].get("ID"))) +
                        ":^".format(Student_Info[i].get("Name")) +' '*(11-Len_Str(Student_Info[i].get("Name")))+
                        ":^".format(Student_Info[i].get("Major")) +' '*(13-Len_Str(Student_Info[i].get("Major")))+
                        ":^".format(Student_Info[i].get("Age")) +' '*(10-Len_Str(Student_Info[i].get("Age")))+
                        ":^".format(Student_Info[i].get("Class")) +' '*(5-Len_Str(Student_Info[i].get("Class")))+
                        ":^".format(Student_Info[i].get("Telephone")) +' '*(11-Len_Str(Student_Info[i].get("Telephone")))+
                        "\\n")
        # 在主界面显示学生信息
        result.set(str_out)
 
# 添加学生信息的窗口
def Window_Add():
    
    # 实例化对象，创建root的子窗口window
    window = tk.Toplevel(root)
    # 窗口名字
    window.title("添加学生信息")
    # 窗口大小
    window.geometry('500x500')
    
    # 关于学号的 label 和 entry
    Txt_ID = tk.StringVar()
    Txt_ID.set("")
    Label_Line1 = tk.Label(window, text = "学   号 (6 位)：", font = ('Arial', 10), width = 15).place(x = 75, y = 50, anchor = 'nw')
    Entry_Line1 = tk.Entry(window, show = None, font = ('宋体', 15), textvariable = Txt_ID, width = 20)
    Entry_Line1.place(x = 200, y = 50, anchor = 'nw')
    
    # 关于姓名的 label 和 entry
    Txt_Name = tk.StringVar()
    Txt_Name.set("")
    Label_Line2 = tk.Label(window, text = "姓   名：", font = ('Arial', 10), width = 15).place(x = 75, y = 100, anchor = 'nw')
    Entry_Line2 = tk.Entry(window, show = None, font = ('宋体', 15), textvariable = Txt_Name, width = 20)
    Entry_Line2.place(x = 200, y = 100, anchor = 'nw')
    
    # 关于专业的 label 和 entry
    Txt_Major = tk.StringVar()
    Txt_Major.set("")
    Label_Line3 = tk.Label(window, text = "专   业：", font = ('Arial', 10), width = 15).place(x = 75, y = 150, anchor = 'nw')
    Entry_Line3 = tk.Entry(window, show = None, font = ('宋体', 15), textvariable = Txt_Major, width = 20)
    Entry_Line3.place(x = 200, y = 150, anchor = 'nw')
    
    # 关于年龄的 label 和 entry
    Txt_Age = tk.StringVar()
    Txt_Age.set("")
    Label_Line4 = tk.Label(window, text = "年   龄 (17~21)：", font = ('Arial', 10), width = 15).place(x = 75, y = 200, anchor = 'nw')
    Entry_Line4 = tk.Entry(window, show = None, font = ('宋体', 15), textvariable = Txt_Age, width = 20)
    Entry_Line4.place(x = 200, y = 200, anchor = 'nw')
    
    # 关于班级的 label 和 entry
    Txt_Class = tk.StringVar()
    Txt_Class.set("")
    Label_Line5 = tk.Label(window, text = "班   级 (序号)：", font = ('Arial', 10), width = 15).place(x = 75, y = 250, anchor = 'nw')
    Entry_Line5 = tk.Entry(window, show = None, font = ('宋体', 15), textvariable = Txt_Class, width = 20)
    Entry_Line5.place(x = 200, y = 250, anchor = 'nw')
    
    # 关于电话的 label 和 entry
    Txt_Telephone = tk.StringVar()
    Txt_Telephone.set("")
    Label_Line6 = tk.Label(window, text = "电   话 (11位)：", font = ('Arial', 10), width = 15).place(x = 75, y = 300, anchor = 'nw')
    Entry_Line6 = tk.Entry(window, show = None, font = ('宋体', 15), textvariable = Txt_Telephone, width = 20)
    Entry_Line6.place(x = 200, y = 300, anchor = 'nw')
    
    # 关于"确认"组件，此处绑定函数Add_Student_Info用于添加学生信息
    Button1_Yes = tk.Button(window, text = '确认', bg = 'silver', font = ('Arial', 12), command = lambda:Add_Student_Info(Txt_ID.get(), Txt_Name.get(), Txt_Major.get(),Txt_Age.get(),Txt_Class.get(),Txt_Telephone.get()), width = 10)
    Button1_Yes.place(x = 75, y = 400, anchor = 'nw')
    # 关于"取消"组件，此处绑定函数destroy()用于关闭窗口
    Button2_No = tk.Button(window, text = '取消', bg = 'silver', font = ('Arial', 12), command = lambda:window.destroy(), width = 10)
    Button2_No.place(x = 325, y = 400, anchor = 'nw')
    
    # 窗口显示
    window.mainloop() 

# 删除学生信息的窗口
def Window_Del():
    # 创建root的子窗口
    window = tk.Toplevel(root)
    window.title("删除学生信息")
    window.geometry('500x300')
    # 关于学号的 label 和 entry
    Txt_ID = tk.StringVar()
    Txt_ID.set("")
    Label_Line1 = tk.Label(window, text = "学   号 (6 位)：", font = ('Arial', 10), width = 15).place(x = 75, y = 100, anchor = 'nw')
    Entry_Line1 = tk.Entry(window, show = None, font = ('宋体', 15), textvariable = Txt_ID, width = 20)
    Entry_Line1.place(x = 200, y = 100, anchor = 'nw')
    # 关于"确认"组件，此处绑定函数Del_Student_Info用于删除学生信息
    Button1_Yes = tk.Button(window, text = '确认', bg = 'silver', font = ('Arial', 12), command = lambda:Del_Student_Info(Txt_ID.get()), width = 10)
    Button1_Yes.place(x = 75, y = 200, anchor = 'nw')
    # 关于"取消"组件，此处绑定函数destroy()用于关闭窗口
    Button2_No = tk.Button(window, text = '取消', bg = 'silver', font = ('Arial', 12), command = lambda:window.destroy(), width = 10)
    Button2_No.place(x = 325, y = 200, anchor = 'nw')
    # tk.StringVar()用于接收用户输入
    result = tk.StringVar()
    result.set(">>>请先通过'查询学生信息'查询待删除学生的学号<<<")
    # 在界面中显示文本框,打印result的信息
    Show_result = tk.Label(window, bg = "white", fg = "black", font = ("宋体", 12), bd = '0', anchor = 'nw', textvariable = result)
    Show_result.place(x = "50", y = "50", width = "400", height = "50")
    # 显示窗口
    window.mainloop()

# 修改学生信息的窗口
def Window_Mod():
    # 创建root的子窗口
    window = tk.Toplevel(root)
    window.title("修改学生信息")
    window.geometry('500x300')
    # 关于学号的 label 和 entry
    Txt_ID = tk.StringVar()
    Txt_ID.set("")
    Label_Line1 = tk.Label(window, text = "学   号 (6 位)：", font = ('Arial', 10), width = 15).place(x = 75, y = 100, anchor = 'nw')
    Entry_Line1 = tk.Entry(window, show = None, font = ('宋体', 15), textvariable = Txt_ID, width = 20)
    Entry_Line1.place(x = 200, y = 100, anchor = 'nw')
    # 关于"确认"组件，此处绑定函数Mod_Student_Info用于修改学生信息
    Button1_Yes = tk.Button(window, text = '确认', bg = 'silver', font = ('Arial', 12), command = lambda:Mod_Student_Info(Txt_ID.get()), width = 10)
    Button1_Yes.place(x = 75, y = 200, anchor = 'nw')
    # 关于"取消"组件，此处绑定函数destroy()用于关闭窗口
    Button2_No = tk.Button(window, text = '取消', bg = 'silver', font = ('Arial', 12), command = lambda:window.destroy(), width = 10)
    Button2_No.place(x = 325, y = 200, anchor = 'nw')
    # 在界面中显示文本框,打印result的信息
    result = tk.StringVar()
    result.set(">>>请先通过'查询学生信息'查询待修改学生的学号<<<")
    Show_result = tk.Label(window, bg = "white", fg = "black", font = ("宋体", 12), bd = '0', anchor = 'nw', textvariable = result)
    Show_result.place(x = "50", y = "50", width = "400", height = "50")
    #显示窗口
    window.mainloop()

# 输入修改学生信息的窗口
def Window_Mod_Input(ID):
    # 创建root的子窗口
    window = tk.Toplevel(root)
    window.title("修改学生信息")
    window.geometry('500x500')
    # 关于姓名的 label 和 entry
    Txt_Name = tk.StringVar()
    Txt_Name.set("")
    Label_Line2 = tk.Label(window, text = "姓   名：", font = ('Arial', 10), width = 15).place(x = 75, y = 100, anchor = 'nw')
    Entry_Line2 = tk.Entry(window, show = None, font = ('宋体', 15), textvariable = Txt_Name, width = 20)
    Entry_Line2.place(x = 200, y = 100, anchor = 'nw')
    # 关于专业的 label 和 entry
    Txt_Major = tk.StringVar()
    Txt_Major.set("")
    Label_Line3 = tk.Label(window, text = "专   业：", font = ('Arial', 10), width = 15).place(x = 75, y = 150, anchor = 'nw')
    Entry_Line3 = tk.Entry(window, show = None, font = ('宋体', 15), textvariable = Txt_Major, width = 20)
    Entry_Line3.place(x = 200, y = 150, anchor = 'nw')
    # 关于年龄的 label 和 entry
    Txt_Age = tk.StringVar()
    Txt_Age.set("")
    Label_Line4 = tk.Label(window, text = "年   龄 (17~21)：", font = ('Arial', 10), width = 15).place(x = 75, y = 200, anchor = 'nw')
    Entry_Line4 = tk.Entry(window, show = None, font = ('宋体', 15), textvariable = Txt_Age, width = 20)
    Entry_Line4.place(x = 200, y = 200, anchor = 'nw')
    # 关于班级的 label 和 entry
    Txt_Class = tk.StringVar()
    Txt_Class.set("")
    Label_Line5 = tk.Label(window, text = "班   级 (序号)：", font = ('Arial', 10), width = 15).place(x = 75, y = 250, anchor = 'nw')
    Entry_Line5 = tk.Entry(window, show = None, font = ('宋体', 15), textvariable = Txt_Class, width = 20)
    Entry_Line5.place(x = 200, y = 250, anchor = 'nw')
    # 关于电话的 label 和 entry
    Txt_Telephone = tk.StringVar()
    Txt_Telephone.set("")
    Label_Line6 = tk.Label(window, text = "电   话 (11位)：", font = ('Arial', 10), width = 15).place(x = 75, y = 300, anchor = 'nw')
    Entry_Line6 = tk.Entry(window, show = None, font = ('宋体', 15), textvariable = Txt_Telephone, width = 20)
    Entry_Line6.place(x = 200, y = 300, anchor = 'nw')
    # 关于"确认"组件，此处绑定函数Mod_Student_Info_1用于修改学生信息
    Button1_Yes = tk.Button(window, text = '确认', bg = 'silver', font = ('Arial', 12), command = lambda:Mod_Student_Info_1(ID, Txt_Name.get(), Txt_Major.get(),Txt_Age.get(),Txt_Class.get(),Txt_Telephone.get()), width = 10)
    Button1_Yes.place(x = 75, y = 400, anchor = 'nw')
    # 关于"取消"组件，此处绑定函数destroy()用于关闭窗口
    Button2_No = tk.Button(window, text = '取消', bg = 'silver', font = ('Arial', 12), command = lambda:window.destroy(), width = 10)
    Button2_No.place(x = 325, y = 400, anchor = 'nw')
    # 在界面中显示文本框,打印result的信息
    result = tk.StringVar()
    result.set("            >>>请输入修改后的信息<<<")
    Show_result = tk.Label(window, bg = "white", fg = "black", font = ("宋体", 12), bd = '0', anchor = 'nw', textvariable = result)
    Show_result.place(x = "50", y = "50", width = "400", height = "50")
    # 显示窗口
    window.mainloop()
    
# 查找学生信息的窗口
def Window_Ser():
    # 创建root的子窗口
    window = tk.Toplevel(root)
    window.title("查询学生信息")
    window.geometry('500x500')
    # 关于学号的 label 和 entry
    Txt_ID = tk.StringVar()
    Txt_ID.set("")
    Label_Line1 = tk.Label(window, text = "学   号 (6 位)：", font = ('Arial', 10), width = 15).place(x = 75, y = 100, anchor = 'nw')
    Entry_Line1 = tk.Entry(window, show = None, font = ('宋体', 15), textvariable = Txt_ID, width = 20)
    Entry_Line1.place(x = 200, y = 100, anchor = 'nw')
    # 关于姓名的 label 和 entry
    Txt_Name = tk.StringVar()
    Txt_Name.set("")
    Label_Line2 = tk.Label(window, text = "姓   名：", font = ('Arial', 10), width = 15).place(x = 75, y = 150, anchor = 'nw')
    Entry_Line2 = tk.Entry(window, show = None, font = ('宋体', 15), textvariable = Txt_Name, width = 20)
    Entry_Line2.place(x = 200, y = 150, anchor = 'nw')
    # 关于专业的 label 和 entry
    Txt_Major = tk.StringVar()
    Txt_Major.set("")
    Label_Line3 = tk.Label(window, text = "专   业：", font = ('Arial', 10), width = 15).place(x = 75, y = 200, anchor = 'nw')
    Entry_Line3 = tk.Entry(window, show = None, font = ('宋体', 15), textvariable = Txt_Major, width = 20)
    Entry_Line3.place(x = 200, y = 200, anchor = 'nw')
    # 关于年龄的 label 和 entry
    Txt_Age = tk.StringVar()
    Txt_Age.set("")
    Label_Line4 = tk.Label(window, text = "年   龄 (17~21)：", font = ('Arial', 10), width = 15).place(x = 75, y = 250, anchor = 'nw')
    Entry_Line4 = tk.Entry(window, show = None, font = ('宋体', 15), textvariable = Txt_Age, width = 20)
    Entry_Line4.place(x = 200, y = 250, anchor = 'nw')
    # 关于班级的 label 和 entry
    Txt_Class = tk.StringVar()
    Txt_Class.set("")
    Label_Line5 = tk.Label(window, text = "班   级 (序号)：", font = ('Arial', 10), width = 15).place(x = 75, y = 300, anchor = 'nw')
    Entry_Line5 = tk.Entry(window, show = None, font = ('宋体', 15), textvariable = Txt_Class, width = 20)
    Entry_Line5.place(x = 200, y = 300, anchor = 'nw')
    # 关于电话的 label 和 entry
    Txt_Telephone = tk.StringVar()
    Txt_Telephone.set("")
    Label_Line6 = tk.Label(window, text = "电   话 (11位)：", font = ('Arial', 10), width = 15).place(x = 75, y = 350, anchor = 'nw')
    Entry_Line6 = tk.Entry(window, show = None, font = ('宋体', 15), textvariable = Txt_Telephone, width = 20)
    Entry_Line6.place(x = 200, y = 350, anchor = 'nw')
    # 关于"确认"组件，此处绑定函数Search_Student_Info用于修改学生信息
    Button1_Yes = tk.Button(window, text = '确认', bg = 'silver', font = ('Arial', 12), command = lambda:Search_Student_Info(Txt_ID.get(), Txt_Name.get(), Txt_Major.get(),Txt_Age.get(),Txt_Class.get(),Txt_Telephone.get()), width = 10)
    Button1_Yes.place(x = 75, y = 400, anchor = 'nw')
    # 关于"取消"组件，此处绑定函数destroy()用于关闭窗口
    Button2_No = tk.Button(window, text = '取消', bg = 'silver', font = ('Arial', 12), command = lambda:window.destroy(), width = 10)
    Button2_No.place(x = 325, y = 400, anchor = 'nw')
    # 在界面中显示文本框,打印result的信息
    result = tk.StringVar()
    result.set("   >>>请输入待查找学生的部分信息(可不全填)<<<")
    Show_result = tk.Label(window, bg = "white", fg = "black", font = ("宋体", 12), bd = '0', anchor = 'nw', textvariable = result)
    Show_result.place(x = "50", y = "50", width = "400", height = "50")
    # 显示窗口
    window.mainloop()

# 退出管理系统的窗口
def Window_Exit():
    # 创建root的子窗口
    window = tk.Toplevel()
    window.title("退出管理系统")
    window.geometry('400x300')
    # 关于"确认"组件，此处绑定函数destroy()用于关闭主窗口
    Button1_Yes = tk.Button(window, text = '确认', bg = 'silver', font = ('Arial', 12), command = lambda:root.destroy(), width = 10)
    Button1_Yes.place(x = 50, y = 200, anchor = 'nw')
    # 关于"取消"组件，此处绑定函数destroy()用于关闭窗口
    Button2_No = tk.Button(window, text = '取消&#
Python学习笔记-简单GUI开发


使用Tkinter进行开发
简单文本窗口实现：
下载tkinter模块
yum -y install tkinter
 
最简单的Tkinter窗口
from tkinter import *   #将Tkinter模块中的符号都导入进来
root = Tk()     #为了初始化Tkinter，首先创建一个Tk的根部件
word = Label(root,text="hello,World")   #创建一个标签部件，并赋值给word变量，第一个参数root为此部件的父部件，使用text关键字来显示文本“Hellp”
word.pack()
root.mainloop()

技术分享
 
 
#filename:tkinter_1.py
from tkinter import *
class App:
     def __init__(self,master):
        frame = Frame(master)
        frame.pack()
        
        self.hello = Button(frame, text="hello",
            command=self.hello)
        self.hello.pack(side=LEFT)
        
        self.quit = Button(frame, text="Quit", fg="red",
            command=frame.quit)
        self.quit.pack(side=RIGHT)
    def hello(self):
    print("Hello,world!")
root = Tk()
root.wm_title("hello")
root.wm_minsize(200,200)
app = App(root)
root.mainloop()

 
技术分享

本文出自 “谢育政” 博客，请务必保留此出处http://kurolz.blog.51cto.com/11433546/1935034
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