以下是关于创建用户，设置用户密码，以及查看文件权限，给用户设置权限的一系列操作过程。
#查看当前用户的信息
[[email protected]_64_7_centos tmp]# id
uid=0(root) gid=0(root) groups=0(root)
#查看是否存在test用户，以及用户信息
[[email protected]_64_7_centos tmp]# id test
id: test: no such user
[[email protected]_64_7_centos tmp]# id root
uid=0(root) gid=0(root) groups=0(root)
#创建新的用户
[[email protected]_64_7_centos tmp]# useradd test
[[email protected]_64_7_centos tmp]# id
uid=0(root) gid=0(root) groups=0(root)
[[email protected]_64_7_centos tmp]# id test
uid=1000(test) gid=1000(test) groups=1000(test)
#将test用户添加到root组
[[email protected]_64_7_centos tmp]# gpasswd -a test root
Adding user test to group root
[[email protected]_64_7_centos tmp]# id test
uid=1000(test) gid=1000(test) groups=1000(test),0(root)
#将test移出root组
[[email protected]_64_7_centos tmp]# gpasswd -d test root
Removing user test from group root
[[email protected]_64_7_centos tmp]# id test
uid=1000(test) gid=1000(test) groups=1000(test)
#设置test用户的登录密码
[[email protected]_64_7_centos ~]# passwd test
Changing password for user test.
New password:
Retype new password:
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
[[email protected]_64_7_centos tmp]$ id
uid=1000(test) gid=1000(test) groups=1000(test)
#切换root用户
[[email protected]_64_7_centos tmp]$ su - root
Password:
[[email protected]_64_7_centos tmp]# id
uid=0(root) gid=0(root) groups=0(root)
[[email protected]_64_7_centos tmp]#
#删除用户
[[email protected]_64_7_centos tmp]# userdel -r test
[[email protected]_64_7_centos tmp]# id test
id: test: no such user
#查看文件详细信息，包含文件操作的权限（r--r--r--）
# r:可读（4） w:可写（2） x:可执行（1）
# 文件权限分三组，第一组user,自身用户权限；第二组group，用户组权限；第三者other，其他用户权限
# u:代表自身用户；g:代表用户组；o:代表其他用户；a:代表所有用户
[[email protected]_64_7_centos tmp]# ls -l
total 8
-r--r--r-- 1 root root 616 Dec 18 13:48 test.sh
[[email protected]_64_7_centos tmp]# chmod g+w o+x ./test.sh
chmod: cannot access ‘o+x‘: No such file or directory
[[email protected]_64_7_centos tmp]# chmod g+w ./test.sh
[[email protected]_64_7_centos tmp]# ls -l
total 8
-r--rw-r-- 1 root root 616 Dec 18 13:48 test.sh
[[email protected]_64_7_centos tmp]# chmod u+wx ./test.sh
[[email protected]_64_7_centos tmp]# ls -l
total 8
-rwxrw-r-- 1 root root 616 Dec 18 13:48 test.sh
[[email protected]_64_7_centos tmp]# chmod o+x ./test.sh
[[email protected]_64_7_centos tmp]# ls -l
total 8
-rwxrw-r-x 1 root root 616 Dec 18 13:48 test.sh
[[email protected]_64_7_centos tmp]# chmod a-rwx ./test.sh
[[email protected]_64_7_centos tmp]# ls -l
total 8
---------- 1 root root 616 Dec 18 13:48 test.sh
[[email protected]_64_7_centos tmp]# chmod u+rwx ./test.sh
[[email protected]_64_7_centos tmp]# ls -l
total 8
-rwx------ 1 root root 616 Dec 18 13:48 test.sh
[[email protected]_64_7_centos tmp]# ls -l
total 8
-rwx------ 1 root root 616 Dec 18 13:48 test.sh
[[email protected]_64_7_centos tmp]# chmod 000 ./test.sh
[[email protected]_64_7_centos tmp]# ls -l
total 8
---------- 1 root root 616 Dec 18 13:48 test.sh
[[email protected]_64_7_centos tmp]# chmod u+001 ./test.sh
chmod: invalid mode: ‘u+001‘
Try ‘chmod --help‘ for more information.
[[email protected]_64_7_centos tmp]# chmod 001 ./test.sh
[[email protected]_64_7_centos tmp]# ls -l
total 8
---------x 1 root root 616 Dec 18 13:48 test.sh
[[email protected]_64_7_centos tmp]# chmod 020 ./test.sh
[[email protected]_64_7_centos tmp]# ls -l
total 8
-----w---- 1 root root 616 Dec 18 13:48 test.sh
[[email protected]_64_7_centos tmp]# chmod 400 ./test.sh
[[email protected]_64_7_centos tmp]# ls -l
total 8
-r-------- 1 root root 616 Dec 18 13:48 test.sh
[[email protected]_64_7_centos tmp]# chmod 600 ./test.sh
[[email protected]_64_7_centos tmp]# ls -l
total 8
-rw------- 1 root root 616 Dec 18 13:48 test.sh
[[email protected]_64_7_centos tmp]# chmod 700 ./test.sh
[[email protected]_64_7_centos tmp]# ls -l
total 8
-rwx------ 1 root root 616 Dec 18 13:48 test.sh
[[email protected]_64_7_centos tmp]# chmod 744 test.sh
[[email protected]_64_7_centos tmp]# ls -l
total 8
-rwxr--r-- 1 root root 616 Dec 18 13:48 test.sh
[[email protected]_64_7_centos tmp]#
#查看文件权限
[[email protected]_64_7_centos tmp]# getfacl test.sh
# file: test.sh
# owner: root
# group: root
user::rwx
group::r-x
other::r-x
#设置文件权限
[[email protected]_64_7_centos tmp]# setfacl -m u:test:rwx test.sh
[[email protected]_64_7_centos tmp]# getfacl test.sh
# file: test.sh
# owner: root
# group: root
user::rwx
user:test:rwx
group::r-x
mask::rwx
other::r-x
#删除文件权限
[[email protected]_64_7_centos tmp]# setfacl -x user:test test.sh
[[email protected]_64_7_centos tmp]# getfacl test.sh
# file: test.sh
# owner: root
# group: root
user::rwx
group::r-x
mask::r-x
other::r-x
[[email protected]_64_7_centos tmp]# ls -l
total 8
-rwxr-xr-x+ 1 root root 616 Dec 18 13:48 test.sh
#清空文件权限到设置权限之前的权限状态
[[email protected]_64_7_centos tmp]# setfacl -b test.sh
[[email protected]_64_7_centos tmp]# getfacl test.sh
# file: test.sh
# owner: root
# group: root
user::rwx
group::r-x
other::r-x
[[email protected]_64_7_centos tmp]#