LeetCode 5. Longest Palindromic Substring(medium难度)
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Given a string s, find the longest palindromic substring in s. You may assume that the maximum length of s is 1000.
Example:
Input: "babad" Output: "bab" Note: "aba" is also a valid answer.
Example:
Input: "cbbd" Output: "bb"
这道题很经典,求最长回文子串并且返回它,暴力搜索法复杂度O(n^3),最后会超时,比较经典的解法是从某个字符开始,然后向两边开开始检索回文串
这样做的复杂度是O(N^2),面试是能写出这样的代码其实已经很不错了,代码如下:
1 class Solution { 2 public: 3 string longestPalindrome(string s) 4 { 5 int start = 0, end = 0; 6 for (int i = 0; i < s.length(); i++) 7 { 8 int len1 = expandAroundCenter(s,i,i); 9 int len2 = expandAroundCenter(s,i,i+1); 10 int len = max(len1,len2); //被自己的蠢哭 这里之前居然写成了max(len,len1),居然能通过一些测试用例 11 if (len > end - start + 1) //是否加一无所谓,唯一的区别在于是否需要考虑与当前最长字符串等长的字符串 12 { 13 start = i - (len - 1) / 2; 14 end = i + len / 2; 15 } 16 } 17 return s.substr(start, end - start + 1); 18 19 } 20 21 int expandAroundCenter(string s, int left, int right) 22 { 23 int L = left, R = right; 24 while (L >= 0 && R < s.length() && s[L]== s[R]) 25 { 26 L--; 27 R++; 28 } 29 return R - L - 1;//这里为啥要减一,我的理解是模拟一个开区间,只计算区间内的数字数量而不包含端点 30 } 31 };
当然还有更逆天的算法,来自discuss的大神,可以达到O(N)的复杂度,代码如下:
1 class Solution { 2 public: 3 string longestPalindrome(string s) { 4 //拷贝牛人快速解法 5 int n = s.size(), len = 0, start = 0; 6 for(int i = 0; i < n; i++){ 7 int left = i, right = i; 8 while(right < n && s[right+1] == s[right]) right++; 9 i = right; 10 while(left > 0 && right < n-1 && s[left-1] == s[right+1]){ 11 left--; 12 right++; 13 } 14 15 if(len < right-left+1){ 16 len = right - left + 1; 17 start = left; 18 } 19 } 20 return s.substr(start, len); 21 } 22 };
比较经典的解法应该是“马拉车算法”,但是不是很好理解,详情请参考https://www.cnblogs.com/grandyang/p/4475985.html
https://articles.leetcode.com/longest-palindromic-substring-part-ii/
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