centos 安装nginx

Posted 2020-10-16 风雪之殇

1、准备工作
选首先安装这几个软件：GCC，PCRE（Perl Compatible Regular Expression），zlib，OpenSSL。
nginx是C写的，需要用GCC编译；Nginx的Rewrite和HTTP模块会用到PCRE；Nginx中的Gzip用到zlib；
用命令“# gcc”，查看gcc是否安装；如果出现“gcc: no input files”信息，说明已经安装好了。
否则，就需要用命令“# yum install gcc”，进行安装了！一路可能需要多次输入y，进行确认。
安装好后，可以再用命令“#gcc”测试，或者用命令“# gcc -v”查看其版本号。
同样方法，用如下命令安装PCRE，zlib，OpenSSL（其中devel，是develop开发包的意思）：

# yum install -y pcre pcre-devel  
# yum install -y zlib zlib-devel  
# yum install -y openssl openssl-devel  

2、下载并安装
创建目录（nginx）并进去；然后，从官方地址（http://nginx.org/）下载，解压，配置，编译，安装：

# mkdir nginx && cd nginx  
# wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.7.3.tar.gz  
# tar xzf nginx-1.7.3.tar.gz   
# cd nginx-1.7.3  
# ./configure  
# make  
# make install  
# whereis nginx  
nginx: /usr/local/nginx  

　默认的安装路径为：/usr/local/nginx；跳转到其目录下sbin路径下，便可以启动或停止它了。

# ./nginx -h  
nginx version: nginx/1.7.3  
Usage: nginx [-?hvVtq] [-s signal] [-c filename] [-p prefix] [-g directives]  
Options:  
  -?,-h         : this help  
  -v            : show version and exit  
  -V            : show version and configure options then exit  
  -t            : test configuration and exit  
  -q            : suppress non-error messages during configuration testing  
  -s signal     : send signal to a master process: stop, quit, reopen, reload  
  -p prefix     : set prefix path (default: /usr/local/nginx/)  
  -c filename   : set configuration file (default: conf/nginx.conf)  
  -g directives : set global directives out of configuration file  

　　启动：./nginx
       停止：./nginx -s stop

3、添加到系统服务
使用命令“# vi /etc/init.d/nginx”，打开编辑器，输入如下内容：

#!/bin/sh  
# chkconfig: 2345 85 15  
# Startup script for the nginx Web Server  
# description: nginx is a World Wide Web server.   
# It is used to serve html files and CGI.  
# processname: nginx  
# pidfile: /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid  
# config: /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf  
  
PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin  
DESC="nginx deamon"  
NAME=nginx  
DAEMON=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/$NAME  
SCRIPTNAME=/etc/init.d/$NAME  
  
test -x $DAEMON || exit 0  
  
d_start(){  
  $DAEMON || echo -n "already running"  
}  
  
d_stop(){  
  $DAEMON -s quit || echo -n "not running"  
}  
  
  
d_reload(){  
  $DAEMON -s reload || echo -n "can not reload"  
}  
  
case "$1" in  
start)  
  echo -n "Starting $DESC: $NAME"  
  d_start  
  echo "."  
;;  
stop)  
  echo -n "Stopping $DESC: $NAME"  
  d_stop  
  echo "."  
;;  
reload)  
  echo -n "Reloading $DESC conf..."  
  d_reload  
  echo "reload ."  
;;  
restart)  
  echo -n "Restarting $DESC: $NAME"  
  d_stop  
  sleep 2  
  d_start  
  echo "."  
;;  
*)  
  echo "Usage: $ScRIPTNAME {start|stop|reload|restart}" >&2  
  exit 3  
;;  
esac  
  
exit 0  

　　保存退出后，再使用下面的命令，使其可执行；然后，添加配置并查看。
可用chkconfig修改其值，也可用ntsysv工具改变是否自启动。

# chmod +x /etc/init.d/nginx  
# chkconfig --add nginx  
# chkconfig nginx on/off  
# chkconfig --list nginx  
nginx 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off