nginx的yum安装,基本参数使用,编译参数说明和Nginx基本配置语法
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nginx的yum安装
从nginx官网获取源
vim /etc/yum.repose.d/nginx.repo
[nginx]
name=nginx repo
baseurl=http://nginx.org/packages/OS/OSRELEASE/$basearch/
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1
OS改为centos
OSRELEASE改为当前系统版本
[nginx]
name=nginx repo
baseurl=http://nginx.org/packages/centos/6/$basearch/
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1
yum install ngnx
rpm -ql nginx [[email protected] sbin]# rpm -ql nginx /etc/logrotate.d/nginx 配置文件 nginx日志轮转,用于logrotata服务的日志切割 /etc/nginx /etc/nginx/conf.d /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf /etc/nginx/fastcgi_params /etc/nginx/koi-utf /etc/nginx/koi-win /etc/nginx/mime.types /etc/nginx/modules /etc/nginx/nginx.conf /etc/nginx/scgi_params /etc/nginx/uwsgi_params /etc/nginx/win-utf /etc/rc.d/init.d/nginx /etc/rc.d/init.d/nginx-debug /etc/sysconfig/nginx /etc/sysconfig/nginx-debug /usr/lib64/nginx /usr/lib64/nginx/modules /usr/sbin/nginx /usr/sbin/nginx-debug /usr/share/doc/nginx-1.12.1 /usr/share/doc/nginx-1.12.1/COPYRIGHT /usr/share/man/man8/nginx.8.gz /usr/share/nginx /usr/share/nginx/html /usr/share/nginx/html/50x.html /usr/share/nginx/html/index.html /var/cache/nginx /var/log/nginx
目录说明
/etc/logrotate.d/nginx 配置文件 nginx日志轮转,用于logrotata服务的日志切割
目录配置文件
/etc/nginx
/etc/nginx/conf.d
/etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf
/etc/nginx/nginx.conf
配置文件cgi,fastcgi相关配置
/etc/nginx/fastcgi_params
/etc/nginx/scgi_params
/etc/nginx/uwsgi_params
配置文件,编码转换映射转化文件
/etc/nginx/koi-utf
/etc/nginx/koi-win
/etc/nginx/win-utf
配置文件,设置http协议的content-type与扩展名对应文件
/etc/nginx/mime.types
用于配置出系统守护进程管理器管理方式
/etc/rc.d/init.d/nginx
/etc/rc.d/init.d/nginx-debug
/etc/sysconfig/nginx
/etc/sysconfig/nginx-debug
nginx模块目录
/etc/nginx/modules
/usr/lib64/nginx/modules
nginx服务的启动管理终端命令
/usr/sbin/nginx
/usr/sbin/nginx-debug
手册和帮助文件
/usr/share/doc/nginx-1.12.1
/usr/share/doc/nginx-1.12.1/COPYRIGHT
/usr/share/man/man8/nginx.8.gz
缓存目录
/var/cache/nginx
日志目录
/var/log/nginx
2.nginx的编译参数
nginx -V
[[email protected] sbin]# ./nginx -V
nginx version: nginx/1.12.1
built by gcc 4.4.7 20120313 (Red Hat 4.4.7-18) (GCC)
built with OpenSSL 1.0.1e-fips 11 Feb 2013
TLS SNI support enabled
configure arguments: --prefix=/etc/nginx --sbin-path=/usr/sbin/nginx --modules-path=/usr/lib64/nginx/modules --conf-path=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf --error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log --http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log --pid-path=/var/run/nginx.pid --lock-path=/var/run/nginx.lock --http-client-body-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/client_temp --http-proxy-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/proxy_temp --http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/fastcgi_temp --http-uwsgi-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/uwsgi_temp --http-scgi-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/scgi_temp --user=nginx --group=nginx --with-compat --with-file-aio --with-threads --with-http_addition_module --with-http_auth_request_module --with-http_dav_module --with-http_flv_module --with-http_gunzip_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-http_mp4_module --with-http_random_index_module --with-http_realip_module --with-http_secure_link_module --with-http_slice_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_sub_module --with-http_v2_module --with-mail --with-mail_ssl_module --with-stream --with-stream_realip_module --with-stream_ssl_module --with-stream_ssl_preread_module --with-cc-opt=‘-O2 -g -pipe -Wall -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fexceptions -fstack-protector --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -m64 -mtune=generic -fPIC‘ --with-ld-opt=‘-Wl,-z,relro -Wl,-z,now -pie‘
基础路径
--prefix=/etc/nginx
--sbin-path=/usr/sbin/nginx
--modules-path=/usr/lib64/nginx/modules
--conf-path=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf
--error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log
--http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log
--pid-path=/var/run/nginx.pid
--lock-path=/var/run/nginx.lock
执行对应模块时,nginx保留的临时目录
--http-client-body-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/client_temp
--http-proxy-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/proxy_temp
--http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/fastcgi_temp
--http-uwsgi-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/uwsgi_temp
--http-scgi-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/scgi_temp
用户或组
--user=nginx --group=nginx
--with-compat --with-file-aio --with-threads --with-http_addition_module
--with-http_auth_request_module --with-http_dav_module --with-http_flv_module
--with-http_gunzip_module
--with-http_gzip_static_module
--with-http_mp4_module --with-http_random_index_module
--with-http_realip_module --with-http_secure_link_module
--with-http_slice_module --with-http_ssl_module
--with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_sub_module --with-http_v2_module
--with-mail --with-mail_ssl_module --with-stream --with-stream_realip_module
--with-stream_ssl_module --with-stream_ssl_preread_module
设置额外的参数将被添加到CFLAGS变量
--with-cc-opt=‘-O2 -g -pipe -Wall -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fexceptions -fstack-protector --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -m64 -mtune=generic -fPIC‘
设置的附加参数,链接到系统库
--with-ld-opt=‘-Wl,-z,relro -Wl,-z,now -pie‘
nginx的基础配置语法
user:设置nginx服务的系统使用用户
worker_processes:工作进程数(和cpu核心数保持一致最好)
error_log:错误日志
pid:nginx服务启动时的Pid
events {
worker_connections 每个进程的最大连接数
use io模型
}
curl -v 查看请求
curl -v http://192.168.1.251/1.html * About to connect() to 192.168.1.251 port 80 (#0) * Trying 192.168.1.251... connected * Connected to 192.168.1.251 (192.168.1.251) port 80 (#0) > GET /1.html HTTP/1.1 > User-Agent: curl/7.19.7 (x86_64-redhat-linux-gnu) libcurl/7.19.7 NSS/3.21 Basic ECC zlib/1.2.3 libidn/1.18 libssh2/1.4.2 > Host: 192.168.1.251 > Accept: */* > < HTTP/1.1 200 OK < Server: nginx/1.12.1 < Date: Fri, 06 Oct 2017 14:11:25 GMT < Content-Type: text/html < Content-Length: 7 < Last-Modified: Fri, 06 Oct 2017 14:10:08 GMT < Connection: keep-alive < ETag: "59d78ec0-7" < Accept-Ranges: bytes < 1.html * Connection #0 to host 192.168.1.251 left intact * Closing connection #0 curl -v http://192.168.1.251/1.html >/dev/null * About to connect() to 192.168.1.251 port 80 (#0) * Trying 192.168.1.251... connected * Connected to 192.168.1.251 (192.168.1.251) port 80 (#0) > GET /1.html HTTP/1.1 > User-Agent: curl/7.19.7 (x86_64-redhat-linux-gnu) libcurl/7.19.7 NSS/3.21 Basic ECC zlib/1.2.3 libidn/1.18 libssh2/1.4.2 > Host: 192.168.1.251 > Accept: */* > < HTTP/1.1 200 OK < Server: nginx/1.12.1 < Date: Fri, 06 Oct 2017 14:12:02 GMT < Content-Type: text/html < Content-Length: 7 < Last-Modified: Fri, 06 Oct 2017 14:10:08 GMT < Connection: keep-alive < ETag: "59d78ec0-7" < Accept-Ranges: bytes < { [data not shown] % Total % Received % Xferd Average Speed Time Time Time Current Dload Upload Total Spent Left Speed 0 7 0 7 0 0 2266 0 --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:-- 0* Connection #0 to host 192.168.1.251 left intact * Closing connection #0
页面定制
error_page 404 /404.html; location = /404.html{ return 404 "not find!"; } error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; location = /50x.html { root /usr/share/nginx/html; } 比如关闭php-fpm后产生502会定位到/50x.html return http状态码 string return 200 内容 return 301 跳转到的链接 location ~ ^/getjson{ default_type application/json; return 200 ‘{"status":1,"note":"ok"}‘; } location ~* ^/nums/(\d+)([a-z]+)\.html { set $d $1; set $s $2; return 200 str:$d$s; } http://192.168.1.251/nums/2017abcE.html str:2017abcE #防止乱码 location /txt { default_type text/html; add_header Content-Type ‘text/html;charset=utf-8‘; return 200 "nginx你好"; }
日志类型
error.log access_log
log_format Syntax: log_format name [escape=default|json] string .....; Default: log_format combined "...."; Context:http log_format main ‘$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" ‘ ‘$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" ‘ ‘"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"‘; access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log main;
nginx变量
HTTP请求变量
arg_PARAMETER,http_HEADER,sent_http_HEADER
内置变量: nginx内置的
自定义变量:自己定义
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