corosync+pacemaker+crmsh+DRBD实现数据库服务器高可用集群构建

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DRBD (DistributedReplicated Block Device) 是 Linux 平台上的分散式储存系统。其中包含了核心模组,数个使用者空间管理程式及 shell scripts,通常用于高可用性(high availability, HA)丛集。DRBD 类似磁盘阵列的RAID 1(镜像),只不过 RAID 1 是在同一台电脑内,而 DRBD 是透过网络。

DRBD 是以 GPL2 授权散布的自由软件。

 

 

实验架构图:

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一.高可用集群构建的前提条件

1.主机名互相解析,实现主机名通信

[[email protected] ~]# vim /etc/hosts

127.0.0.1  localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4

::1        localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6

172.16.31.10 node1.stu31.com node1

172.16.31.11 node2.stu31.com node2

 

复制一份到node2:

[[email protected] ~]# scp /etc/[email protected]:/etc/hosts

 

2.节点直接实现ssh无密钥通信

节点1:

[[email protected] ~]# ssh-keygen -t rsa -P""

[[email protected] ~]# ssh-copy-id -i.ssh/id_rsa.pub [email protected]

节点2:

[[email protected] ~]# ssh-keygen -t rsa -P""

[[email protected] ~]# ssh-copy-id -i.ssh/id_rsa.pub [email protected]

 

测试ssh无密钥通信:

[[email protected] ~]# date ; ssh node1 ‘date‘

Fri Jan 2 12:34:02 CST 2015

Fri Jan 2 12:34:02 CST 2015

时间同步,上面两个节点的时间是一致的!

 

 

二.DRBD软件的安装

1.获取DRBD软件程序,CentOS6.6的内核版本是2.6.32-504

[[email protected] ~]# uname -r

2.6.32-504.el6.x86_64

 

DRBD已经合并到linux kernel2.6.33及以后内核版本中,这里直接安装管理工具即可,若内核

版本低于2.6.33时请额外安装DRBD内核模块,且与管理工具版本保持一致。

kmod-drbd84-8.4.5-504.1.el6.x86_64.rpm

drbd84-utils-8.9.1-1.el6.elrepo.x86_64.rpm

此软件包是经过编译源码而成,我提供下载,根据附件下载即可:


 

2.安装软件包,节点1和节点2都需要安装

安装时间将持续很长时间:

[[email protected] ~]# rpm -ivhdrbd84-utils-8.9.1-1.el6.elrepo.x86_64.rpm kmod-drbd84-

8.4.5-504.1.el6.x86_64.rpm

warning:drbd84-utils-8.9.1-1.el6.elrepo.x86_64.rpm: Header V4 DSA/SHA1 Signature,

key ID baadae52: NOKEY

Preparing...               ########################################### [100%]

  1:drbd84-utils          ########################################### [ 50%]

  2:kmod-drbd84           ########################################### [100%]

Working. This may take some time ...

Done.

 

3.各节点准备存储设备

节点1和节点2都需要操作:

[[email protected] ~]#  echo -n -e "n\np\n3\n\n+1G\nw\n"|fdisk /dev/sda  

[[email protected] ~]# partx -a /dev/sda

BLKPG: Device or resource busy

error adding partition 1

BLKPG: Device or resource busy

error adding partition 2

BLKPG: Device or resource busy

error adding partition 3

 

 

四.配置DRBD

1.DRBD的配置文件:

[[email protected] ~]# vim /etc/drbd.conf

# You can find an example in  /usr/share/doc/drbd.../drbd.conf.example

  

include "drbd.d/global_common.conf";

include "drbd.d/*.res";

 

DRBD的所有的控制都是在配置文件/etc/drbd.conf中。通常情况下配置文件包含如下内容:

include"/etc/drbd.d/global_common.conf";

include "/etc/drbd.d/*.res";

通常情况下,/etc/drbd.d/global_common.conf包含global和common的DRBD配置部分,而.res文件都包含一个资源的部分。

在一个单独的drbd.conf文件中配置全部是可以实现的,但是占用的配置很快就会变得混乱,变得难以管理,这也是为什么多文件管理作为首选的原因之一。

无论采用哪种方式,需必须保持在各个集群节点的drbd.conf以及其他的文件完全相同。

 

2.配置DRBD的全局及通用资源配置文件

[[email protected] drbd.d]# cat global_common.conf

# DRBD is the result of over a decade ofdevelopment by LINBIT.

# In case you need professional servicesfor DRBD or have

# feature requests visithttp://www.linbit.com

  

global {

         #用于统计应用各个版本的信息。当新的版本的drbd被安装就会和http server进行联系

。当然也可以禁用该选项,默认情况下是启用该选项的。

       usage-count no;

       # minor-count dialog-refresh disable-ip-verification

}

  

common {

       handlers {

                # These are EXAMPLE handlersonly.

                # They may have severeimplications,

                # like hard resetting the nodeunder certain circumstances.

                # Be careful when chosing yourpoison.

                #一旦节点发生错误就降级

                pri-on-incon-degr"/usr/lib/drbd/notify-pri-on-incon-degr.sh;

/usr/lib/drbd/notify-emergency-reboot.sh;echo b > /proc/sysrq-trigger ; reboot -f";

                #一旦节点发生脑裂的处理是重启

                pri-lost-after-sb"/usr/lib/drbd/notify-pri-lost-after-sb.sh;

/usr/lib/drbd/notify-emergency-reboot.sh;echo b > /proc/sysrq-trigger ; reboot -f";

                #一旦本地io错误的处理是关机

                local-io-error"/usr/lib/drbd/notify-io-error.sh;

/usr/lib/drbd/notify-emergency-shutdown.sh;echo o > /proc/sysrq-trigger ; halt -f";

                # fence-peer"/usr/lib/drbd/crm-fence-peer.sh";

                # split-brain"/usr/lib/drbd/notify-split-brain.sh root";

                # out-of-sync"/usr/lib/drbd/notify-out-of-sync.sh root";

                # before-resync-target"/usr/lib/drbd/snapshot-resync-target-lvm.sh

-p 15 -- -c 16k";

                # after-resync-target/usr/lib/drbd/unsnapshot-resync-target-lvm.sh;

       }

  

        startup {

                # wfc-timeout degr-wfc-timeoutoutdated-wfc-timeout wait-after-sb

       }

  

       options {

                # cpu-maskon-no-data-accessible

       }

  

       disk {

                # size on-io-error fencingdisk-barrier disk-flushes

                   #一旦本地磁盘发生IO错误时的操作:拆除

                on-io-error detach;

                # disk-drain md-flushesresync-rate resync-after al-extents

                # c-plan-ahead c-delay-targetc-fill-target c-max-rate

                # c-min-rate disk-timeout

       }

  

       net {

                # protocol timeoutmax-epoch-size max-buffers unplug-watermark

                #资源配饰使用完全同步复制协议(Protocol C),除非另有明确指定;表示

收到远程主机的写入确认后,则认为写入完成.

                protocol C;

                # connect-int ping-intsndbuf-size rcvbuf-size ko-count

                # allow-two-primariescram-hmac-alg shared-secret after-sb-0pri

                #设置主备机之间通信使用的信息算法.

                cram-hmac-alg "sha1";

                #消息摘要认证密钥

                shared-secret "password";

                # after-sb-1pri after-sb-2prialways-asbp rr-conflict

                # ping-timeoutdata-integrity-alg tcp-cork on-congestion

                # congestion-fillcongestion-extents csums-alg verify-alg

                # use-rle

       }

  

       syncer  {

                #设置主备节点同步时的网络速率最大值,单位是字节.

                rate 1000M;

       }

}

 

 

3.定义节点存储资源配置文件

一个DRBD设备(即:/dev/drbdX),叫做一个"资源"。里面包含一个DRBD设备的主备节点的的ip信息,底层存储设备名称,设备大小,meta信息存放方式,drbd对外提供的设备名等等。

[[email protected] drbd.d]# vim mystore.res

resource mystore {

       #每个主机的说明以"on"开头,后面是主机名.在后面的{}中为这个主机的配置.

       on node1.stu31.com  {

                device /dev/drbd0;

                disk /dev/sda3;

                #设置DRBD的监听端口,用于与另一台主机通信

                address 172.16.31.10:7789;

                meta-disk internal;

       }

  

       on node2.stu31.com  {

                device /dev/drbd0;

                disk /dev/sda3;

                address 172.16.31.11:7789;

                meta-disk internal;

       }

}

 

 

配置完成后复制一份到节点2:

[[email protected] drbd.d]# ls

global_common.conf  mystore.res

[[email protected] drbd.d]# scp *node2:/etc/drbd.d/

global_common.conf                            100% 2105     2.1KB/s  00:00   

mystore.res                                   100%  318    0.3KB/s   00:00

 

 

4.创建matadata

在启动DRBD之前,需要分别在两台主机的sda分区上,创建供DRBD记录信息的数据块.分别在两台主机上执行:

[[email protected] drbd.d]# drbdadm create-mdmystore

initializing activity log

NOT initializing bitmap

Writing meta data...

New drbd meta data block successfullycreated.

  

[[email protected] ~]# drbdadm create-md mystore

initializing activity log

NOT initializing bitmap

Writing meta data...

New drbd meta data block successfullycreated.

 

 

5.启动DRBD服务

[[email protected] ~]#  /etc/init.d/drbd start

Starting DRBD resources: [

    create res: mystore

  prepare disk: mystore

   adjust disk: mystore

    adjust net: mystore

]

..........

***************************************************************

 DRBD‘s startup script waits for the peernode(s) to appear.

 - Incase this node was already a degraded cluster before the

   rebootthe timeout is 0 seconds. [degr-wfc-timeout]

 - Ifthe peer was available before the reboot the timeout will

  expire after 0 seconds. [wfc-timeout]

  (These values are for resource ‘mystore‘; 0 sec -> wait forever)

 Toabort waiting enter ‘yes‘ [  21]:

.

[[email protected] ~]#

节点2启动drbd:

[[email protected] ~]# /etc/init.d/drbd start

Starting DRBD resources: [

    create res: mystore

  prepare disk: mystore

   adjust disk: mystore

    adjust net: mystore

]

.

 

6. 查看DRBD的状态,分别在两台主机上执行

[[email protected] ~]# cat /proc/drbd

version: 8.4.5 (api:1/proto:86-101)

GIT-hash:1d360bde0e095d495786eaeb2a1ac76888e4db96 build by [email protected],

2015-01-02 12:06:20

 0:cs:Connected ro:Secondary/Secondary ds:Inconsistent/Inconsistent C r-----

   ns:0 nr:0 dw:0 dr:0 al:0 bm:0 lo:0 pe:0 ua:0 ap:0 ep:1 wo:f oos:1059216

 

对输出的含义解释如下:

ro表示角色信息,第一次启动drbd时,两个drbd节点默认都处于Secondary状态,

ds是磁盘状态信息,“Inconsistent/Inconsisten”,即为“不一致/不一致”状态,表示两个节点的磁盘数据处于不一致状态。

Ns表示网络发送的数据包信息。

Dw是磁盘写信息

Dr是磁盘读信息

 

7.设置主节点

由于默认没有主次节点之分,因而需要设置两个主机的主次节点,选择需要设置为主节点的主机,然后执行如下

node1为主节点

#强制设置主节点

[[email protected] ~]# drbdadm primary --force mystore

查看同步操作:

[[email protected] ~]# drbd-overview

 0:mystore/0 SyncSource Primary/Secondary UpToDate/Inconsistent

       [=====>..............] sync‘ed: 32.1% (724368/1059216)K

[[email protected] ~]# watch -n1 ‘cat /proc/drbd‘

 

完成后查看节点状态:

[[email protected] ~]# cat /proc/drbd

version: 8.4.5 (api:1/proto:86-101)

GIT-hash:1d360bde0e095d495786eaeb2a1ac76888e4db96 build by [email protected],

2015-01-02 12:06:20

 0:cs:Connected ro:Primary/Secondary ds:UpToDate/UpToDate C r-----

   ns:1059216 nr:0 dw:0 dr:1059912 al:0 bm:0 lo:0 pe:0 ua:0 ap:0 ep:1 wo:foos:0

 

 

8.格式化存储

[[email protected] ~]# mke2fs -t ext4 /dev/drbd0

 

挂载到一个目录:

[[email protected] ~]# mount /dev/drbd0 /mnt

复制一个文件到mnt:

[[email protected] ~]# cp /etc/issue /mnt

卸载存储:

[[email protected] ~]# umount /mnt

 

 

9.切换主节点为备节点,将node2提升为主节点

节点1设置为备节点:

[[email protected] ~]# drbdadm secondary mystore

[[email protected] ~]# drbd-overview

 0:mystore/0 Connected Secondary/Secondary UpToDate/UpToDate

提升节点2为主节点:

[[email protected] ~]# drbdadm primary mystore

[[email protected] ~]# drbd-overview

 0:mystore/0 Connected Primary/Secondary UpToDate/UpToDate

挂载文件系统,查看文件是否存在:

[[email protected] ~]# mount /dev/drbd0 /mnt

[[email protected] ~]# ls /mnt

issue lost+found

 

注意:

(1)mount drbd设备以前必须把设备切换到primary状态。

(2)两个节点中,同一时刻只能有一台处于primary状态,另一台处于secondary状态。

(3)处于secondary状态的服务器上不能加载drbd设备。

(4)主备服务器同步的两个分区大小最好相同,这样不至于浪费磁盘空间,因为drbd磁盘镜像相当于网络raid 1。

 

10.将drbd服务关闭,开机自启动关闭:

节点1:

[[email protected] ~]# service drbd stop

Stopping all DRBD resources: .

[[email protected] ~]# chkconfig drbd off

节点2:

[[email protected] ~]# service drbd stop

Stopping all DRBD resources:

.

[[email protected] ~]# chkconfig drbd off

 

 

五.corosync+pacemaker+drbd实现mariadb高可用集群

 

1.安装corosync和pacemaker软件包:节点1和节点2都安装

# yum install corosync pacemaker -y

 

2.创建配置文件并配置

[[email protected] ~]# cd /etc/corosync/

[[email protected] corosync]# cpcorosync.conf.example corosync.conf


[[email protected] corosync]# cat corosync.conf

# Please read the corosync.conf.5 manualpage

compatibility: whitetank

  

totem {

       version: 2

  

       # secauth: Enable mutual node authentication. If you choose to

       # enable this ("on"), then do remember to create a shared

       # secret with "corosync-keygen".

       #开启认证

       secauth: on

  

       threads: 0

  

       # interface: define at least one interface to communicate

       # over. If you define more than one interface stanza, you must

       # also set rrp_mode.

       interface {

                # Rings must be consecutivelynumbered, starting at 0.

                ringnumber: 0

                # This is normally the*network* address of the

                # interface to bind to. Thisensures that you can use

                # identical instances of thisconfiguration file

                # across all your clusternodes, without having to

                # modify this option.

                #定义网络地址

                bindnetaddr: 172.16.31.0

                # However, if you have multiplephysical network

                # interfaces configured for thesame subnet, then the

                # network address alone is notsufficient to identify

                # the interface Corosync shouldbind to. In that case,

                # configure the *host* addressof the interface

                # instead:

                # bindnetaddr: 192.168.1.1

                # When selecting a multicastaddress, consider RFC

                # 2365 (which, among otherthings, specifies that

                # 239.255.x.x addresses areleft to the discretion of

                # the network administrator).Do not reuse multicast

                # addresses across multipleCorosync clusters sharing

                # the same network.

                #定义组播地址

                mcastaddr: 239.224.131.31

                # Corosync uses the port youspecify here for UDP

                # messaging, and also theimmediately preceding

                # port. Thus if you set this to5405, Corosync sends

                # messages over UDP ports 5405and 5404.

                #信息传递端口

                mcastport: 5405

                # Time-to-live for clustercommunication packets. The

                # number of hops (routers) thatthis ring will allow

                # itself to pass. Note thatmulticast routing must be

                # specifically enabled on mostnetwork routers.

                ttl: 1

       }

}

  

logging {

       # Log the source file and line where messages are being

       # generated. When in doubt, leave off. Potentially useful for

       # debugging.

       fileline: off

       # Log to standard error. When in doubt, set to no. Useful when

       # running in the foreground (when invoking "corosync -f")

       to_stderr: no

       # Log to a log file. When set to "no", the "logfile"option

       # must not be set.

       #定义日志记录存放

       to_logfile: yes

       logfile: /var/log/cluster/corosync.log

       # Log to the system log daemon. When in doubt, set to yes.

       #to_syslog: yes

       # Log debug messages (very verbose). When in doubt, leave off.

       debug: off

       # Log messages with time stamps. When in doubt, set to on

       # (unless you are only logging to syslog, where double

       # timestamps can be annoying).

       timestamp: on

       logger_subsys {

                subsys: AMF

               debug: off

       }

}

  

#以插件方式启动pacemaker:

service {

       ver:    0

       name:   pacemaker

}

 

3.生成认证密钥文件:认证密钥文件需要1024字节,手动写入太麻烦了,我们可以下载程序包来实现写满内存的熵池实现,

[[email protected] corosync]# corosync-keygen

Corosync Cluster Engine Authentication key generator.

Gathering 1024 bits for key from/dev/random.

Press keys on your keyboard to generateentropy.

Press keys on your keyboard to generateentropy (bits = 128).

Press keys on your keyboard to generateentropy (bits = 192).

Press keys on your keyboard to generateentropy (bits = 256).

Press keys on your keyboard to generateentropy (bits = 320).

Press keys on your keyboard to generateentropy (bits = 384).

Press keys on your keyboard to generateentropy (bits = 448).

Press keys on your keyboard to generateentropy (bits = 512).

Press keys on your keyboard to generateentropy (bits = 576).

Press keys on your keyboard to generateentropy (bits = 640).

Press keys on your keyboard to generateentropy (bits = 704).

Press keys on your keyboard to generate entropy(bits = 768).

Press keys on your keyboard to generateentropy (bits = 832).

Press keys on your keyboard to generateentropy (bits = 896).

Press keys on your keyboard to generateentropy (bits = 960).

Writing corosync key to/etc/corosync/authkey.

 

随便下载神马程序都行!

 

 

完成后将配置文件及认证密钥复制一份到节点2:

[[email protected] corosync]# scp authkey corosync.conf node2:/etc/corosync/

authkey                                      100%  128     0.1KB/s  00:00   

corosync.conf                                 100% 2724     2.7KB/s  00:00

 

 

4.启动corosync服务:

[[email protected] corosync]# service corosync start

Starting Corosync Cluster Engine(corosync):               [  OK  ]

  

[[email protected] ~]# service corosync start

Starting Corosync Cluster Engine(corosync):               [  OK  ]

 

 

5.查看日志:

查看corosync引擎是否正常启动:

节点1的启动日志:

[[email protected] corosync]# grep -e"Corosync Cluster Engine" -e "configuration file"

/var/log/cluster/corosync.log

Jan 02 14:20:28 corosync [MAIN  ] Corosync Cluster Engine (‘1.4.7‘): startedand

ready to provide service.

Jan 02 14:20:28 corosync [MAIN  ] Successfully read main configuration file

‘/etc/corosync/corosync.conf‘.


节点2的启动日志:

[[email protected] ~]# grep -e "CorosyncCluster Engine" -e "configuration file"

/var/log/cluster/corosync.log

Jan 02 14:20:39 corosync [MAIN  ] Corosync Cluster Engine (‘1.4.7‘): startedand

ready to provide service.

Jan 02 14:20:39 corosync [MAIN  ] Successfully read main configuration file

‘/etc/corosync/corosync.conf‘.

 

查看关键字TOTEM,初始化成员节点通知是否发出:

[[email protected] corosync]# grep"TOTEM" /var/log/cluster/corosync.log

Jan 02 14:20:28 corosync [TOTEM ]Initializing transport (UDP/IP Multicast).

Jan 02 14:20:28 corosync [TOTEM ]Initializing transmit/receive security:

libtomcrypt SOBER128/SHA1HMAC (mode 0).

Jan 02 14:20:28 corosync [TOTEM ] Thenetwork interface [172.16.31.10] is now up.

Jan 02 14:20:28 corosync [TOTEM ] Aprocessor joined or left the membership and a

new membership was formed.

Jan 02 14:20:37 corosync [TOTEM ] Aprocessor joined or left the membership and a

new membership was formed.

 

查看监听端口5405是否开启:

[[email protected] ~]# ss -tunl |grep 5405

udp   UNCONN     0      0           172.16.31.10:5405                  *:*    

udp   UNCONN     0      0        239.224.131.31:5405                 *:*

 

查看错误日志:

[[email protected] ~]# grep ERROR/var/log/cluster/corosync.log

#警告信息:将pacemaker以插件运行的告警,忽略即可

Jan 02 14:20:28 corosync [pcmk  ] ERROR: process_ais_conf: You haveconfigured a

cluster using the Pacemaker plugin for Corosync.The plugin is not supported in this

environment and will be removed very soon.

Jan 02 14:20:28 corosync [pcmk  ] ERROR: process_ais_conf:  Please see Chapter 8 of

‘Clusters from Scratch‘(http://www.clusterlabs.org/doc) for details on using

Pacemaker with CMAN

Jan 02 14:20:52 [6260] node1.stu31.com    pengine:  notice: process_pe_message:    

  Configuration ERRORs found during PE processing.  Please run "crm_verify -L" to

identify issues.

Jan 02 14:20:52 [6260] node1.stu31.com    pengine:  notice: process_pe_message:    

  Configuration ERRORs found during PE processing.  Please run "crm_verify -L" to

identify issues.

 

[[email protected] ~]# crm_verify -L -V   

#无stonith设备的警告信息,可以忽略            

  error: unpack_resources:    Resource start-up disabled since no STONITH

resources have been defined

  error: unpack_resources:    Either configure some or disable STONITH with the

stonith-enabled option

  error: unpack_resources:     NOTE:Clusters with shared data need STONITH to

ensure data integrity

Errors found during check: config not valid

 

 

六.集群配置工具安装:crmsh软件安装

 

1.配置yum源:我这里存在一个完整的yum源服务器

[[email protected] yum.repos.d]# vimcentos6.6.repo

[base]

name=CentOS $releasever $basearch on localserver 172.16.0.1

baseurl=http://172.16.0.1/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOS-6.6-$basearch/

gpgcheck=0

  

[extra]

name=CentOS $releasever $basearch extras

baseurl=http://172.16.0.1/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/

gpgcheck=0

  

[epel]

name=Fedora EPEL for CentOS$releasever$basearch on local server 172.16.0.1

baseurl=http://172.16.0.1/fedora-epel/$releasever/$basearch/

gpgcheck=0

  

[corosync2]

name=corosync2

baseurl=ftp://172.16.0.1/pub/Sources/6.x86_64/corosync/

gpgcheck=0

 

复制一份到节点2:

[[email protected] ~]# scp /etc/yum.repos.d/centos6.6.reponode2:/etc/yum.repos.d/

centos6.6.repo                                100%  521    0.5KB/s   00:00

 

2.安装crmsh软件,2各节点都安装

# yum install -y crmsh

# rpm -qa crmsh

crmsh-2.1-1.6.x86_64

 

3.去除上面的stonith设备警告错误:

[[email protected] ~]# crm

crm(live)# configure

crm(live)configure# propertystonith-enabled=false

crm(live)configure# verify

#双节点需要仲裁,或者忽略(会造成集群分裂)

crm(live)configure# propertyno-quorum-policy=ignore

crm(live)configure# verify

crm(live)configure# commit

crm(live)configure# show

node node1.stu31.com

node node2.stu31.com

property cib-bootstrap-options: \

       dc-version=1.1.11-97629de \

       cluster-infrastructure="classic openais (with plugin)" \

       expected-quorum-votes=2 \

       stonith-enabled=false \

       no-quorum-policy=ignore

 

无错误信息输出了:

[[email protected] ~]# crm_verify -L -V

[[email protected] ~]#

 

七.将DRBD定义为集群服务

1.按照集群服务的要求,首先确保两个节点上的drbd服务已经停止,且不会随系统启动而自动启动:

[[email protected] ~]# drbd-overview

 0:mystore/0 Unconfigured . .

[[email protected] ~]# chkconfig --list drbd

drbd           0:off   1:off  2:off   3:off   4:off  5:off   6:off

 

2.配置drbd为集群资源:

提供drbd的RA目前由OCF归类为linbit,其路径为/usr/lib/ocf/resource.d/linbit/drbd。我们可以使用如下命令来查看此RA及RA的meta信息:

[[email protected] ~]# crm ra classes

lsb

ocf / heartbeat linbit pacemaker

service

stonith

[[email protected] ~]# crm ra list ocf linbit

drbd

下面命令可以查看详细信息

[[email protected] ~]# crm ra info ocf:linbit:drbd

输出内容略

 

drbd需要同时运行在两个节点上,但只能有一个节点(primary/secondary模型)是Master,而另一个节点为Slave;因此,它是一种比较特殊的集群资源,其资源类型为多态(Multi-state)clone类型,即主机节点有Master和Slave之分,且要求服务刚启动时两个节点都处于slave状态。


开始定义集群资源:

[[email protected] ~]# crm configure

crm(live)configure# primitive mydrbdocf:linbit:drbd params drbd_resource="mystore"

op monitor role=Slave interval=20stimeout=20s op monitor role=Master interval=10s

timeout=20s op start timeout=240s op stoptimeout=100s

crm(live)configure# verify

将集群资源设置为主从模式:

crm(live)configure# ms ms_mydrbd mydrbdmeta master-max="1" master-node-max="1"

clone-max="2"clone-node-max="1" notify="true"

crm(live)configure# verify

crm(live)configure# show

node node1.stu31.com

node node2.stu31.com

primitive mydrbd ocf:linbit:drbd \

       params drbd_resource=mystore \

       op monitor role=Slave interval=20s timeout=20s \

       op monitor role=Master interval=10s timeout=20s \

       op start timeout=240s interval=0 \

       op stop timeout=100s interval=0

ms ms_mydrbd mydrbd \

       meta master-max=1 master-node-max=1 clone-max=2 clone-node-max=1notify=true

property cib-bootstrap-options: \

       dc-version=1.1.11-97629de \

       cluster-infrastructure="classic openais (with plugin)" \

       expected-quorum-votes=2 \

       stonith-enabled=false \

       no-quorum-policy=ignore

crm(live)configure# commit

crm(live)configure# cd

crm(live)# status

Last updated: Sat Jan  3 11:22:54 2015

Last change: Sat Jan  3 11:22:50 2015

Stack: classic openais (with plugin)

Current DC: node1.stu31.com - partitionwith quorum

Version: 1.1.11-97629de

2 Nodes configured, 2 expected votes

2 Resources configured

  

  

Online: [ node1.stu31.com node2.stu31.com ]

  

 Master/Slave Set: ms_mydrbd [mydrbd]

    Masters: [ node2.stu31.com ]

    Slaves: [ node1.stu31.com ]

 

#master-max:有几个主资源master-node-max: 1个节点上最多运行的主资源

#clone-max:有几个克隆资源clone-node-max:1个节点上最多运行的克隆资源

#主从资源也是克隆资源的一种的,只不过它有主从关系

 

查看drbd的主从状态:

[[email protected] ~]# drbd-overview

 0:mystore/0 Connected Secondary/Primary UpToDate/UpToDate

  

[[email protected] ~]# drbd-overview

 0:mystore/0 Connected Primary/Secondary UpToDate/UpToDate

 

 

将node2降级成从节点并上线:

[[email protected] ~]# crm node standby

[[email protected] ~]# drbd-overview

 0:mystore/0 Unconfigured . .

[[email protected] ~]# crm node online

[[email protected] ~]# drbd-overview 

 0:mystore/0  Connected Secondary/Primary UpToDate/UpToDate

 

 

那么node1就成为主节点了:

[[email protected] ~]# drbd-overview

 0:mystore/0 Connected Primary/Secondary UpToDate/UpToDate

 

 

3.定义DRBD存储自动挂载,主节点在哪里,存储就在哪里,需要定义约束

crm(live)# configure

crm(live)configure# primitive myfsocf:heartbeat:Filesystem params device=/dev/drbd0

directory=/mydata fstype="ext4"op monitor interval=20s timeout=40s op start

timeout=60s op stop timeout=60s

crm(live)configure# verify

#定义协同约束,主节点在哪里启动,存储就跟随主节点

crm(live)configure# colocation myfs_with_ms_mydrbd_masterinf: myfs ms_mydrbd:Master

#定义顺序约束,主角色提升完成后才启动存储

crm(live)configure# orderms_mydrbd_master_before_myfs inf: ms_mydrbd:promote

myfs:start

crm(live)configure# verify

crm(live)configure# commit

crm(live)configure# cd

crm(live)# status

Last updated: Sat Jan  3 11:34:23 2015

Last change: Sat Jan  3 11:34:12 2015

Stack: classic openais (with plugin)

Current DC: node1.stu31.com - partitionwith quorum

Version: 1.1.11-97629de

2 Nodes configured, 2 expected votes

3 Resources configured

  

  

Online: [ node1.stu31.com node2.stu31.com ]

  

 Master/Slave Set: ms_mydrbd [mydrbd]

    Masters: [ node1.stu31.com ]

    Slaves: [ node2.stu31.com ]

 myfs  (ocf::heartbeat:Filesystem):   Started node1.stu31.com

 

可以知道主节点是node1,存储也是挂载在节点1上的。

 

查看挂载的目录:文件存在,挂载成功

[[email protected] ~]# ls /mydata

issue lost+found

 

主从资源,文件系统挂载都完成了,下面就开始安装mariadb数据库了!

 

 

八.安装mariadb数据库

1.初始化安装mariadb必须在主节点进行:

创建用户mysql管理数据库及配置数据存储目录权限为mysql,两个节点都需要创建用户

# groupadd -r -g 306 mysql

# useradd -r -g 306 -u 306 mysql

 

 

获取mariadb的二进制安装包:

mariadb-10.0.10-linux-x86_64.tar.gz

 

解压至/usr/local目录中:

[[email protected] ~]# tar xfmariadb-10.0.10-linux-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/

 

创建软链接:

[[email protected] ~]# cd /usr/local

[[email protected] local]# ln -svmariadb-10.0.10-linux-x86_64/ mysql

 

在挂载的DRBD存储上创建数据库数据存放目录:

# chown -R mysql:mysql /mydata/

 

进入安装目录:

[[email protected] local]# cd mysql

[[email protected] mysql]# pwd

/usr/local/mysql

[[email protected] mysql]# chown -R root:mysql ./*

初始化安装mariadb:

[[email protected] mysql]#scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/mydata/data

 

安装完成后查看数据存放目录:

[[email protected] mysql]# ls /mydata/data/

aria_log.00000001  ibdata1     ib_logfile1  performance_schema

aria_log_control   ib_logfile0 mysql        test

 

安装成功!

 

mariadb配置文件的存放,如果我们希望一个节点的配置文件更改后,备节点同步更新,那么配置文件需要存放在drbd存储上是最合适的!

[[email protected] mysql]# mkdir /mydata/mysql/

[[email protected] mysql]# chown -R mysql:mysql  /mydata/mysql/

[[email protected] mysql]# cp support-files/my-large.cnf /mydata/mysql/my.cnf

[[email protected] mysql]# vim  /mydata/mysql/my.cnf

[mysqld]

port            = 3306

datadir = /mydata/data

socket          = /tmp/mysql.sock

skip-external-locking

key_buffer_size = 256M

max_allowed_packet = 1M

table_open_cache = 256

sort_buffer_size = 1M

read_buffer_size = 1M

read_rnd_buffer_size = 4M

myisam_sort_buffer_size = 64M

thread_cache_size = 8

query_cache_size= 16M

# Try number of CPU‘s*2 forthread_concurrency

thread_concurrency = 8

innodb_file_per_table = on

skip_name_resolve = on

 

在本地创建软链接指向配置文件目录:

[[email protected] ~]# ln -sv /mydata/mysql/etc/mysql

`/etc/mysql‘ -> `/mydata/mysql‘

 

服务脚本的创建:

[[email protected] mysql]# cpsupport-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld

[[email protected] mysql]# chkconfig --add mysqld

 

启动服务测试:

[[email protected] mysql]# service mysqld start

Starting MySQL.                                           [  OK  ]


登录mysql创建数据库:

[[email protected] mysql]#/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql

Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.

Your MariaDB connection id is 4

Server version: 10.0.10-MariaDB-log MariaDBServer

  

Copyright (c) 2000, 2014, Oracle, SkySQL Aband others.

  

Type ‘help;‘ or ‘\h‘ for help. Type ‘\c‘ toclear the current input statement.

  

MariaDB [(none)]> create databasetestdb;

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

  

MariaDB [(none)]> \q

Bye


停止mysql服务器:

[[email protected] mysql]# service mysqld stop

Shutting down MySQL..                                      [ OK  ]

 

 

2.节点2也要配置mariadb

切换node1为从节点:

[[email protected] ~]# crm node standby

[[email protected] ~]# crm status

Last updated: Sat Jan  3 12:21:38 2015

Last change: Sat Jan  3 12:21:34 2015

Stack: classic openais (with plugin)

Current DC: node1.stu31.com - partitionwith quorum

Version: 1.1.11-97629de

2 Nodes configured, 2 expected votes

3 Resources configured

  

  

Node node1.stu31.com: standby

Online: [ node2.stu31.com ]

  

 Master/Slave Set: ms_mydrbd [mydrbd]

    Masters: [ node2.stu31.com ]

    Stopped: [ node1.stu31.com ]

 myfs  (ocf::heartbeat:Filesystem):   Started node2.stu31.com

 

让node1从节点上线:

[[email protected] ~]# crm node online

[[email protected] ~]# crm status

Last updated: Sat Jan  3 12:21:52 2015

Last change: Sat Jan  3 12:21:48 2015

Stack: classic openais (with plugin)

Current DC: node1.stu31.com - partitionwith quorum

Version: 1.1.11-97629de

2 Nodes configured, 2 expected votes

3 Resources configured

  

  

Online: [ node1.stu31.com node2.stu31.com ]

  

 Master/Slave Set: ms_mydrbd [mydrbd]

    Masters: [ node2.stu31.com ]

    Slaves: [ node1.stu31.com ]

 myfs  (ocf::heartbeat:Filesystem):   Started node2.stu31.com

 

mariadb程序包解压:

[[email protected] ~]# tar xfmariadb-10.0.10-linux-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local

[[email protected] ~]# cd /usr/local

[[email protected] local]# ln -sv mariadb-10.0.10-linux-x86_64/mysql

`mysql‘ ->`mariadb-10.0.10-linux-x86_64/‘

[[email protected] local]# cd mysql

[[email protected] mysql]# chown -R root:mysql ./*

不需要初始化安装了!

 

查看节点2的存储挂载完成与否:

[[email protected] local]# ls /mydata/data/

aria_log.00000001  ib_logfile1        mysql-bin.index     testdb

aria_log_control   multi-master.info  mysql-bin.state

ibdata1            mysql              performance_schema

ib_logfile0        mysql-bin.000001   test

 

成功挂载:

 

只需要服务脚本了:

[[email protected] mysql]# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld

[[email protected] mysql]# chkconfig --add mysqld

[[email protected] mysql]# chkconfig mysqld off

 

创建软链接将存储的配置文件定位到/etc/下,方便mysql启动:

[[email protected] ~]# ln -sv /mydata/mysql//etc/mysql

`/etc/mysql‘ -> `/mydata/mysql/‘

 

启动mysqld服务:

[[email protected] ~]# service mysqld start

Starting MySQL...                                         [  OK  ]

[[email protected] ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql

Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.

Your MariaDB connection id is 4

Server version: 10.0.10-MariaDB-log MariaDBServer

  

Copyright (c) 2000, 2014, Oracle, SkySQL Aband others.

  

Type ‘help;‘ or ‘\h‘ for help. Type ‘\c‘ toclear the current input statement.

  

MariaDB [(none)]> show databases;

+--------------------+

| Database           |

+--------------------+

| information_schema |

| mysql              |

| performance_schema |

| test               |

| testdb             |

+--------------------+

5 rows in set (0.04 sec)

  

MariaDB [(none)]> grant all on *.* to‘root‘@‘172.16.%.%‘ identified by ‘oracle‘;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

  

MariaDB [(none)]> flush privileges;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

  

MariaDB [(none)]> \q

Bye

可以看出数据库是有testdb的!!!

同步过来了!我们授权一下远程客户端可以登录!

两个节点都安装好了mariadb,

 

 

九.定义mariadb数据库集群服务资源

[[email protected] ~]# crm

crm(live)# configure

#定义数据库集群的VIP

crm(live)configure# primitive myipocf:heartbeat:IPaddr params ip="172.16.31.166" op

monitor interval=10s timeout=20s

crm(live)configure# verify

#定义数据库集群的服务资源mysqld

crm(live)configure# primitive myserverlsb:mysqld op monitor interval=20s

timeout=20s

crm(live)configure# verify

#将资源加入资源组,进行结合资源在一起

crm(live)configure# group myservice myipms_mydrbd:Master myfs myserver

ERROR: myservice refers to missing objectms_mydrbd:Master

INFO: resource references incolocation:myfs_with_ms_mydrbd_master updated

INFO: resource references inorder:ms_mydrbd_master_before_myfs updated

#定义资源顺序约束,启动好myfs资源后再启动myserver资源:

crm(live)configure# ordermyfs_before_myserver inf: myfs:start myserver:start

crm(live)configure# verify

#所有都定义完成后就提交!可能mysql服务启动有点慢,等一下即可!

crm(live)configure# commit

crm(live)configure# cd

crm(live)# status

Last updated: Sat Jan  3 13:42:13 2015

Last change: Sat Jan  3 13:41:48 2015

Stack: classic openais (with plugin)

Current DC: node1.stu31.com - partitionwith quorum

Version: 1.1.11-97629de

2 Nodes configured, 2 expected votes

5 Resources configured

  

  

Online: [ node1.stu31.com node2.stu31.com ]

  

 Master/Slave Set: ms_mydrbd [mydrbd]

    Masters: [ node2.stu31.com ]

    Slaves: [ node1.stu31.com ]

 Resource Group: myservice

    myip      (ocf::heartbeat:IPaddr):       Started node2.stu31.com

    myfs      (ocf::heartbeat:Filesystem):   Started node2.stu31.com

    myserver   (lsb:mysqld):   Started node2.stu31.com

 

启动完成后,我们在远程客户端上连接数据库进行测试:

[[email protected] ~]# mysql -h 172.16.31.166 -uroot -poracle

Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.

Your MySQL connection id is 4

Server version: 5.5.5-10.0.10-MariaDB-logMariaDB Server

  

Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or itsaffiliates. All rights reserved.

  

Oracle is a registered trademark of OracleCorporation and/or its

affiliates. Other names may be trademarksof their respective

owners.

  

Type ‘help;‘ or ‘\h‘ for help. Type ‘\c‘ toclear the current input statement.

  

mysql> show databases;

+--------------------+

| Database           |

+--------------------+

| information_schema |

| mysql              |

| performance_schema |

| test               |

| testdb             |

+--------------------+

5 rows in set (0.05 sec)

  

mysql> use testdb

Database changed

mysql> create table t1 (id int);

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.18 sec)

  

mysql> show tables;

+------------------+

| Tables_in_testdb |

+------------------+

| t1               |

+------------------+

1 row in set (0.01 sec)

  

mysql> \q

Bye

 

将节点2切换为备节点,让node1成为主节点:

[[email protected] ~]# crm node standby

输入切换指令后我们监控node1转换成主节点的过程:

技术分享

 

技术分享


查看节点1的集群状态信息:

[[email protected] ~]# crm status

Last updated: Sat Jan  3 13:59:38 2015

Last change: Sat Jan  3 13:48:49 2015

Stack: classic openais (with plugin)

Current DC: node1.stu31.com - partitionwith quorum

Version: 1.1.11-97629de

2 Nodes configured, 2 expected votes

5 Resources configured

  

  

Node node2.stu31.com: standby

Online: [ node1.stu31.com ]

  

 Master/Slave Set: ms_mydrbd [mydrbd]

    Masters: [ node1.stu31.com ]

    Stopped: [ node2.stu31.com ]

 Resource Group: myservice

    myip      (ocf::heartbeat:IPaddr):       Started node1.stu31.com

    myfs      (ocf::heartbeat:Filesystem):   Started node1.stu31.com

    myserver   (lsb:mysqld):   Started node1.stu31.com

 

再次远程连接数据库测试:

[[email protected] ~]# mysql -h 172.16.31.166 -uroot -poracle

Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.

Your MySQL connection id is 4

Server version: 5.5.5-10.0.10-MariaDB-logMariaDB Server

  

Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or itsaffiliates. All rights reserved.

  

Oracle is a registered trademark of OracleCorporation and/or its

affiliates. Other names may be trademarksof their respective

owners.

  

Type ‘help;‘ or ‘\h‘ for help. Type ‘\c‘ toclear the current input statement.

  

mysql> use testdb;

Reading table information for completion oftable and column names

You can turn off this feature to get aquicker startup with -A

  

Database changed

mysql> show tables;

+------------------+

| Tables_in_testdb |

+------------------+

| t1               |

+------------------+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

  

mysql> \q

Bye

 

测试成功,同步完成!

 

至此,corosync+pacemaker+crmsh+DRBD实现数据库服务器高可用性集群的搭建就完成了!!!

 


本文出自 “眼眸刻着你的微笑” 博客,请务必保留此出处http://dengaosky.blog.51cto.com/9215128/1964590

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