20170825L08-05老男孩linux实战运维培训-Lamp系列之-Apache服务生产实战应用指南02

Posted 2020-10-04

这一节说Apache的安装目录文件

具体介绍了一些重要文件的配置

tree -L 1 /usr/local/apache

[[email protected] extra]# tree -L 1 /usr/local/apache

/usr/local/apache

├── apache -> /usr/local/apache

├── bin

├── build

├── cgi-bin

├── conf

├── error

├── htdocs

├── icons

├── include

├── lib

├── logs

├── man

├── manual

└── modules

bin目录apache一些重要的命令放在这里

apachectl 命令是apache启动，重启，和停止命令

htdocs主目录文件位置

[[email protected] apache]# tree htdocs

htdocs

└── index.html

conf文件内都是一些配置文件

[[email protected] apache]# tree -L 1 conf

conf

├── extra

├── httpd.conf

├── magic

├── mime.types

└── original

当然最重要的文件是httpd.conf

log目录日志文件存放地址

.

├── access_log

├── error_log

└── httpd.pid

access是访问日志

error错误日志

httpd.pid 有apache运行时候的进程id号

modules放模块的目录，如编译php，memcache

讲解httpd.conf文件

ServerRoot  file    #后面接的是apache主安装文件位置

Listen 80    #用来设定访问端口的也可以指定IP

Listen 12.88.99.12:80

也可以指定多个端口比如

Listen 80

Listen 88

......

设置用户组和用户用来访问服务

User daemon

Group daemon

ServerAdmin    [email protected]    #服务器出问题后通知管理员的邮箱设置

ServerName                                  #给服务器设置一个名字

网站的默认页存放目录

DocumentRoot "/usr/local/apache2/htdocs"

控制目录权限的

以下为根目录权限

<Directory />

    AllowOverride none        #禁重载

    Require all denied           #禁示所有限止的访问

</Directory>

<Directory "/usr/local/apache2/htdocs">

    #

    # Possible values for the Options directive are "None", "All",

    # or any combination of:

    #   Indexes Includes FollowSymLinks SymLinksifOwnerMatch ExecCGI MultiViews

    #

    # Note that "MultiViews" must be named *explicitly* --- "Options All"

    # doesn‘t give it to you.

    #

    # The Options directive is both complicated and important.  Please see

    # http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/mod/core.html#options

    # for more information.

    #

    Options Indexes FollowSymLinks            #允许浏览目录，为了安全要关闭这个权限

    #

    # AllowOverride controls what directives may be placed in .htaccess files.

    # It can be "All", "None", or any combination of the keywords:

    #   AllowOverride FileInfo AuthConfig Limit

    #

    AllowOverride None        #htaccess可以网站开发人员来参与权限管理，默认是不开的

    #

    # Controls who can get stuff from this server.

    #

    Require all granted

</Directory>

看httpd.conf使用的设置行统计

egrep -v "^.*#|^$" httpd.conf|nl

extra是apache的扩展配置文件目录 

[[email protected] extra]# tree 

.

├── httpd-autoindex.conf

├── httpd-dav.conf

├── httpd-default.conf

├── httpd-info.conf

├── httpd-languages.conf

├── httpd-manual.conf

├── httpd-mpm.conf

├── httpd-multilang-errordoc.conf

├── httpd-ssl.conf

├── httpd-userdir.conf

├── httpd-vhosts.conf

└── proxy-html.conf

其中主要说的是httpd-vhosts.conf这上配置文件

这是虚拟主机的配置文件