es使用同义词插件注意事项

Posted 猫二哥

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es使用同义词插件注意事项

1背景描述

就是在不修改es查语句的情况下,实现同义词搜索。比如中国和china都是中国的意思,如果一篇文章中,只有中国,没有china英文,但是需要我们搜索次是china的时候也可以搜索出这边文章。问题,es重启之后, 插件不会在远程调用接口,这需要修改源码解决,待定。。。

2插件安装

1docker安装es:

拉镜像 es版本:7.17.5

docker pull elasticsearch:7.17.5

找个本地磁盘配置,配置文件:

cluster.name: "docker-cluster"
network.host: 0.0.0.0

#http.port: 9200
#添加配置 
http.cors.enabled: true
http.cors.allow-origin: "*"
#http.cors.allow-headers: Authorization
http.cors.allow-methods: OPTIONS, HEAD, GET, POST, PUT, DELETE 
http.cors.allow-headers: "X-Requested-With,X-Auth-Token,Content-Type, Content-Length, Authorization" 
discovery.zen.minimum_master_nodes: 1
#开启安全选项
xpack.security.enabled: false
 
#配置单节点模式
discovery.type: single-node

3 运行容器 -v挂在容器,使用自己的本地磁盘就行了。

docker network create somenetwork

docker run --restart=always -p 9200:9200 -p 9300:9300 -e ES_JAVA_OPTS="-Xms512m -Xmx512m" --net somenetwork -e "discovery.type=single-node" -v /Users/自己的用户名/work/soft/elasticsearch/config/elasticsearch.yml:/usr/share/elasticsearch/config/elasticsearch.yml -v /Users/自己的用户名/work/soft/elasticsearch/data:/usr/share/elasticsearch/data -v /Users/自己的用户名/work/soft/elasticsearch/plugins:/usr/share/elasticsearch/plugins --name myes -d elasticsearch:7.17.5

验证 docker logs 容器日志

2安装插件

注意都要根据es版本来安装插件

1 中文分词插件 Ik

这里由于在网上有这个版本的ik插件,直接下载:

https://github.com/medcl/elasticsearch-analysis-ik/releases/download/v7.17.5/elasticsearch-analysis-ik-7.17.5.zip

然后解压放在,磁盘 :/Users/自己的用户名/work/soft/elasticsearch/plugins中,重启容器就可以。

验证方式,调用es接口看下,是否有正确的数据:

http://localhost:9200/_analyze

  "analyzer": "ik_max_word",
  "text": "我的名字叫猫爷"
 

结果如下:

2 安装同义词插件elasticsearch-analysis-dynamic-synonym

但是由于github上,没有对应es的编译版本,所以需要下载源码本地编译。

1 下载:https://github.com/bells/elasticsearch-analysis-dynamic-synonym/releases
2 idea 打开,修改es版本

然后在命令行运行 mvn package
最后就会生成对应es版本的包:

3 把它复制到/Users/自己的用户名/work/soft/elasticsearch/plugins 中,重启 es的容器。
启动中可能会报错误

Exception in thread "main" java.nio.file.NotDirectoryException: /usr/share/elasticsearch/plugins/.DS_Store

解决方案在es对应的本机磁盘上删除这文件,删除/Users/自己的用户名/work/soft/elasticsearch/plugins里面的.DS_Store文件。

插件到这里就准备完成!

验证:等下直接写代码验证

3使用 spring-boot-starter-data-elasticsearch 集成同义词

结论:springboot版本:2.4.1,同义词使用热更新方式

springboot 的es配置

spring:
  elasticsearch:
    rest:
      uris: ["http://localhost:9200"]
      connection-timeout: 100
      read-timeout: 300

1实体类

VideoUserTestDO 用户信息对象

package com.ibird.pandaserviceadmin.es.model;

import java.util.List;

import javax.persistence.Id;

import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.annotations.Document;
import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.annotations.Field;
import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.annotations.FieldType;
import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.annotations.Setting;

import lombok.Data;

@Data
@Setting(settingPath = "es/settings.json")
@Document(createIndex = true, indexName = "video-user-test", shards = 1, replicas = 1)
public class VideoUserTestDO 
    @Id
    String                     id;
    @Field(type = FieldType.Text, searchAnalyzer = "synonym", analyzer = "ik_max_word")
    String                     userName;
    @Field(type = FieldType.Text, searchAnalyzer = "synonym", analyzer = "ik_max_word")
    String                     nickName;
    @Field(type = FieldType.Text, searchAnalyzer = "synonym", analyzer = "ik_max_word")
    String                     info;
    int                        hotNum;
    @Field(type = FieldType.Text, searchAnalyzer = "synonym", analyzer = "ik_max_word")
    String                     desc;
    @Field(type = FieldType.Nested, store = true)
    List<VideoUserVideoInfoDO> userVideoInfoDOs;



VideoUserVideoInfoDO 为nested对象

package com.ibird.pandaserviceadmin.es.model;

import javax.persistence.Id;

import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.annotations.Field;
import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.annotations.FieldType;

import lombok.Data;

@Data
public class VideoUserVideoInfoDO 
    @Id
    @Field(type = FieldType.Keyword, store = true)
    String id;
    @Field(type = FieldType.Text, searchAnalyzer = "synonym", analyzer = "ik_max_word")
    String name;



2 同义词setting配置

放在了resources/es目录下的settings.json


  "index": 
    "analysis": 
      "analyzer": 
        "synonym": 
          "tokenizer": "ik_max_word",
          "filter": [
            "remote_synonym"
          ]
        
      ,
      "filter": 
        "remote_synonym": 
          "type": "dynamic_synonym",
          "synonyms_path": "http://192.168.2.100:8080/panda/video-user/synchronizeSynonym",
          "interval": 10
        ,
        "local_synonym": 
          "type": "dynamic_synonym",
          "synonyms_path": "synonym.txt"
        ,
        "synonym_graph": 
          "type": "dynamic_synonym_graph",
          "synonyms_path": "http://192.168.2.100:8080/panda/video-user/synchronizeSynonym"
        
      
    
  

说重点:
synonym 为分析器的名字,就是我们在实体类上指定的searchAnalyzer。
remote_synonym 为我们为es调用我们接口获取同义词的接口。
interval 调用接口间隔时间,单位秒

3获取同义词接口

案列非完善

@GetMapping(value = "/video-user/synchronizeSynonym")
    public String synchronizeSynonym(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception 
        String eTag = request.getHeader("If-None-Match");
        String modified = request.getHeader("If-Modified-Since");

        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        sb.append("w").append(",").append("大爷").append("\\n");
        sb.append("萱").append(",").append("xuan").append(",").append("旋").append("\\n");

        // 更新时间
        response.setHeader("Last-Modified", new Date().getTime() + "");
        response.setHeader("ETag", "1");
        response.setHeader("Content-Type", "text/plain;charset=UTF-8");

        return sb.toString();
    

注意点:
1 下面3个必须有,因为是根据Last-Modified与etag来判断是否有更新。
response.setHeader(“Last-Modified”, new Date().getTime() + “”);
response.setHeader(“ETag”, “1”);
response.setHeader(“Content-Type”, “text/plain;charset=UTF-8”);
这个是插件的源码

2 每次同步都是全量同步
那么这个接口的最终方式就是,根据你自定义lastModified来判断是否有更新,如果有更新,那么就全量把数据全量同步出去,如果没有就返回"“,如果返回空es不会更新老的值,所以有个关注点是,如果删除了所有的同义词,不能直接返回”",自己随便写一条正常的数据过去吧,比如1,1。

3接口如果报异常之后,es不会在定时去调用接口同步同义词,最后补充原因

4 初始化索引接口

 @Autowired
    VideoUserRepository     videoUserRepository;
    @Autowired
    RestHighLevelClient     restHighLevelClient;
    @Autowired
    ElasticsearchOperations elasticsearchOperations;
    
 // 初始化索引
    @GetMapping("/video-user/init")
    public void init() 
        IndexOperations indexOperations = elasticsearchOperations.indexOps(VideoUserTestDO.class);
        MappingBuilder builder = new MappingBuilder(elasticsearchOperations.getElasticsearchConverter());
        String mapping = builder.buildPropertyMapping(VideoUserTestDO.class);
        Document document = Document.parse(mapping);
        try 
            if (indexOperations.exists()) 
                indexOperations.delete();
                LogUtils.info(log, "索引已经存在,重新创建。");
            
            indexOperations.create();
            indexOperations.putMapping(document);
            LogUtils.info(log, "索引创建成功...");
         catch (Exception e) 
            LogUtils.error(e, log, "索引创建失败.原因:");
        

    

重点:
1 spring虽然会帮我们自动生成索引,但是@Setting(settingPath = “es/settings.json”) 这个不会自动生成, 这个@Field(type = FieldType.Text, searchAnalyzer = “synonym”, analyzer = “ik_max_word”)的 searchAnalyzer,analyzer 不会自动生成。反正我实验没成功,还是手动生成好点。
2 init方法只能在没有索引的时候才用,如果在已有的索引上添加字段,那么直接去调用es接口。个人是这样处理了,如果有其他方法,告诉我下,我学习一下。

5保存数据到es

es操作对象类

package com.ibird.pandaserviceadmin.es.repository;

import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.repository.ElasticsearchRepository;

import com.ibird.pandaserviceadmin.es.model.VideoUserTestDO;

public interface VideoUserRepository extends ElasticsearchRepository<VideoUserTestDO, String> 

@GetMapping("/video-user/save")
    public void save() 

        for (int i = 1; i < 6; i++) 
            VideoUserTestDO tmp = new VideoUserTestDO();
            tmp.setId(i + "");
            tmp.setUserName("萱萱" + i);
            tmp.setNickName("萱萱的昵称" + i);
            tmp.setInfo("我是萱萱的介绍");
            tmp.setDesc("我是描述" + i);
            List<VideoUserVideoInfoDO> list = new ArrayList<>();
            for (int j = 0; j < 5; j++) 
                VideoUserVideoInfoDO videoUserVideoInfoDO = new VideoUserVideoInfoDO();
                videoUserVideoInfoDO.setId("" + j);
                videoUserVideoInfoDO.setName("我是萱萱名字" + j);
                list.add(videoUserVideoInfoDO);
            
            tmp.setUserVideoInfoDOs(list);

            videoUserRepository.save(tmp);
        

    

没啥好说的

6查询接口


   @GetMapping("/video-user/search")
    public String search(String word) 
        // boost评分权重
        // 调用一个方法查询到他的同义词
        SearchSourceBuilder searchSourceBuilder = new SearchSourceBuilder();
        BoolQueryBuilder boolQuery = QueryBuilders.boolQuery();
        boolQuery.should(QueryBuilders.termQuery("userName.keyword", word).boost(100));
        boolQuery.should(QueryBuilders.matchQuery("userName", word).boost(10));
        boolQuery.should(QueryBuilders.termQuery("userVideoInfoDOs.name.keyword", word).boost(10));
        boolQuery.should(QueryBuilders.matchQuery("userVideoInfoDOs.name", word).boost(10));
        searchSourceBuilder.from(0);
        searchSourceBuilder.size(100);
        FunctionScoreQueryBuilder functionScoreQueryBuilder = QueryBuilders.functionScoreQuery(boolQuery);
        searchSourceBuilder.query(functionScoreQueryBuilder)
            .sort("hotNum", SortOrder.DESC).sort("_score", SortOrder.DESC);
        SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest("video-user-test");
        searchRequest.source(searchSourceBuilder);
        try 
            final SearchResponse search = restHighLevelClient.search(searchRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
            final SearchHits hits = search.getHits();
            final SearchHit[] hits1 = hits.getHits();
            List<VideoUserTestDO> list = new ArrayList<>();
            for (SearchHit documentFields : hits1) 
                VideoUserTestDO videoUserTestDO = JSON.parseObject(documentFields.getSourceAsString(), VideoUserTestDO.class);
                list.add(videoUserTestDO);
            
            return JSON.toJSONString(list);
         catch (IOException e) 
            e.printStackTrace();
        

        return "";
    

查询接口,没什么好说的,就是所有满足添加的should查询(或者关系),然后跟你感觉重要的字段增加boost权重。最后根据自定义的热度值和es算出来的_score得分排序,得出结果。
不知道_score怎么计算的

4 同义词插件问题

背景:采用远程热更新,es会调用应用提供的一个获取同义词的接口,如果接口报异常之后(服务重启,挂了),es不会在定时去调用接口同步同义词,当时重启es也可以解决。
原因如下:是使用ScheduledThreadPool 这个定时的线城池定时调用接口,如果远程调研的子线程远程调用异常(应用服务挂了,超时,网络问题等),主线程不会在调用该任务。

private static final ScheduledExecutorService pool = Executors.newScheduledThreadPool(1, r -> 
        Thread thread = new Thread(r);
        thread.setName("monitor-synonym-Thread-" + id.getAndAdd(1));
        return thread;
    );
scheduledFuture = pool.scheduleAtFixedRate(new Monitor(synonymFile),
                                interval, interval, TimeUnit.SECONDS);

解决方案:
修改源码中的:
RemoteSynonymFile的这个方法reloadSynonymMap

public boolean isNeedReloadSynonymMap() 
        RequestConfig rc = RequestConfig.custom()
                .setConnectionRequestTimeout(10 * 1000)
                .setConnectTimeout(10 * 1000).setSocketTimeout(15 * 1000)
                .build();
        HttpHead head = AccessController.doPrivileged((PrivilegedAction<HttpHead>) () -> new HttpHead(location));
        head.setConfig(rc);

        // 设置请求头
        if (lastModified != null) 
            head.setHeader("If-Modified-Since", lastModified);
        
        if (eTags != null) 
            head.setHeader("If-None-Match", eTags);
        

        CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
        try 
            response = executeHttpRequest(head);
            if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200)  // 返回200 才做操作
                if (!response.getLastHeader(LAST_MODIFIED_HEADER).getValue()
                        .equalsIgnoreCase(lastModified)
                        || !response.getLastHeader(ETAG_HEADER).getValue()
                        .equalsIgnoreCase(eTags)) 

                    lastModified = response.getLastHeader(LAST_MODIFIED_HEADER) == null ? null
                            : response.getLastHeader(LAST_MODIFIED_HEADER)
                            .getValue();
                    eTags = response.getLastHeader(ETAG_HEADER) == null ? null
                            : response.getLastHeader(ETAG_HEADER).getValue();
                    return true;
                
             else if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 304) 
                return false;
             else 
                logger.info("remote synonym  return bad code ", location,
                        response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode());
            
        catch (Exception e)
            logger.error("远程调用同义词异常", e);
         finally 
            try 
                if (response != null) 
                    response.close();
                
             catch (IOException e) 
                logger.error("failed to close http response", e);
            
        
        return false;
    

就是新增了一个catch,这样,就解决了


catch (Exception e)
            logger.error("远程调用同义词异常", e);
         

效果如下:

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