Kubernetes之Pod常用操作
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一、命令行查看pod
1、不指定命名查看pod
通过如下命令，不指定命名空间，查看的是default命名空间的pod，如下，default命名空间中没有pod
[root@master demo]# kubectl get ns NAME STATUS AGE default Active 5d23h kube-node-lease Active 5d23h kube-public Active 5d23h kube-system Active 5d23h kubernetes-dashboard Active 5d20h [root@master demo]# kubectl get pod No resources found in default namespace. [root@master demo]#2、指定命名空间查看pod
如下，指定命名空间即查询kube-system命名空间的pod，如下可以看出kube-system命名空间中有许多自带的pod
[root@master demo]# kubectl get ns NAME STATUS AGE default Active 5d23h kube-node-lease Active 5d23h kube-public Active 5d23h kube-system Active 5d23h kubernetes-dashboard Active 5d20h [root@master demo]# kubectl get pod -n kube-system NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE coredns-558bd4d5db-7vbmq 1/1 Running 0 5d23h coredns-558bd4d5db-sps22 1/1 Running 0 5d23h etcd-master 1/1 Running 0 5d23h kube-apiserver-master 1/1 Running 0 5d23h kube-controller-manager-master 1/1 Running 0 5d23h kube-flannel-ds-cd9qk 1/1 Running 0 5d23h kube-flannel-ds-gg4jq 1/1 Running 0 5d23h kube-flannel-ds-n76xj 1/1 Running 0 5d23h kube-proxy-g4j5g 1/1 Running 0 5d23h kube-proxy-h27ms 1/1 Running 0 5d23h kube-proxy-tqzjl 1/1 Running 0 5d23h kube-scheduler-master 1/1 Running 0 5d23h [root@master demo]#
二、命令行方式对Pod操作
1、命令行创建pod
如下，先创建dev命名空间，然后创建nginx的pod，使用nginx:latest 镜像，设置端口为80
[root@master demo]# kubectl create namespace dev namespace/dev created [root@master demo]# kubectl run nginx --image=nginx:latest --port=80 -n dev pod/nginx created [root@master demo]#2、命令行查询验证创建的pod
如下，查看上面创建的pod的信息
[root@master demo]# kubectl get pod -n dev NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE nginx 1/1 Running 0 77s [root@master demo]# kubectl get pod -n dev -o wide NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE IP NODE NOMINATED NODE READINESS GATES nginx 1/1 Running 0 85s 10.244.2.16 node2 <none> <none> [root@master demo]#3、命令方式删除创建的pod
[root@master demo]# kubectl delete pod nginx -n dev pod "nginx" deleted [root@master demo]# kubectl delete namespace dev namespace "dev" deleted [root@master demo]#
三、命令加配置文件方式对Pod操作
1、使用配置文件的方式创建pod
创建pod_nginx.yaml文件，内容如下，即创建一个dev的命名空间以及在dev的命名空间中创建一个nginx的pod
apiVersion: v1 kind: Namespace metadata: name: dev --- apiVersion: v1 kind: Pod metadata: name: nginx namespace: dev spec: containers: - image: nginx:1.17.1 name: pod ports: - name: nginx-port containerPort: 80 protocol: TCP使用如下命令创建
[root@master demo]# kubectl create -f pod_nginx.yaml namespace/dev created pod/nginx created [root@master demo]#2、使用配置文件的方式查看
如下，使用配置文件的方式查看创建的资源
[root@master demo]# kubectl get -f pod_nginx.yaml NAME STATUS AGE namespace/dev Active 73s NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE pod/nginx 1/1 Running 0 73s [root@master demo]#3、使用配置文件的方式删除
如下，使用如下命令将创建的资源删除
[root@master demo]# kubectl delete -f pod_nginx.yaml namespace/dev unchanged pod/nginx unchanged [root@master demo]#
四、 声明式对象配置的方式操作Pod
1、使用apply和配置文件方式创建pod
创建pod_nginx.yaml文件，内容如下，即创建一个dev的命名空间以及在dev的命名空间中创建一个nginx的pod
apiVersion: v1 kind: Namespace metadata: name: dev --- apiVersion: v1 kind: Pod metadata: name: nginx namespace: dev spec: containers: - image: nginx:1.17.1 name: pod ports: - name: nginx-port containerPort: 80 protocol: TCP使用如下命令创建
[root@master demo]# kubectl apply -f pod_nginx.yaml namespace/dev created pod/nginx created [root@master demo]#2、使用apply和配置文件的方式对pod进行修改
如下，将pod_nginx.yaml文件中的镜像修改为1.17.3
apiVersion: v1 kind: Namespace metadata: name: dev --- apiVersion: v1 kind: Pod metadata: name: nginx namespace: dev spec: containers: - image: nginx:1.17.3 name: pod ports: - name: nginx-port containerPort: 80 protocol: TCP然后使用如下命令修改更新
[root@master demo]# kubectl apply -f pod_nginx.yaml namespace/dev unchanged pod/nginx configured [root@master demo]#3、使用describe命令查看修改状态
如下，使用describe命令查看修改的状态
[root@master demo]# kubectl describe pod nginx -n dev Name: nginx Namespace: dev Priority: 0 Node: node2/192.168.16.42 Start Time: Sun, 20 Mar 2022 14:43:51 +0800 Labels: <none> Annotations: <none> Status: Running IP: 10.244.2.18 IPs: IP: 10.244.2.18 Containers: pod: Container ID: docker://9edee9d176b0c6cdda342c161f51ac306211504d897755d7f2a1c874f10530c3 Image: nginx:1.17.3 Image ID: docker-pullable://nginx@sha256:9688d0dae8812dd2437947b756393eb0779487e361aa2ffbc3a529dca61f102c Port: 80/TCP Host Port: 0/TCP State: Running Started: Sun, 20 Mar 2022 14:52:36 +0800 Last State: Terminated Reason: Completed Exit Code: 0 Started: Sun, 20 Mar 2022 14:43:52 +0800 Finished: Sun, 20 Mar 2022 14:52:36 +0800 Ready: True Restart Count: 1 Environment: <none> Mounts: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount from kube-api-access-rclxs (ro) Conditions: Type Status Initialized True Ready True ContainersReady True PodScheduled True Volumes: kube-api-access-rclxs: Type: Projected (a volume that contains injected data from multiple sources) TokenExpirationSeconds: 3607 ConfigMapName: kube-root-ca.crt ConfigMapOptional: <nil> DownwardAPI: true QoS Class: BestEffort Node-Selectors: <none> Tolerations: node.kubernetes.io/not-ready:NoExecute op=Exists for 300s node.kubernetes.io/unreachable:NoExecute op=Exists for 300s Events: Type Reason Age From Message ---- ------ ---- ---- ------- Normal Scheduled 9m17s default-scheduler Successfully assigned dev/nginx to node2 Normal Pulled 9m16s kubelet Container image "nginx:1.17.1" already present on machine Normal Created 32s (x2 over 9m16s) kubelet Created container pod Normal Started 32s (x2 over 9m16s) kubelet Started container pod Normal Killing 32s kubelet Container pod definition changed, will be restarted Normal Pulled 32s kubelet Container image "nginx:1.17.3" already present on machine [root@master demo]#4、删除Pod
apply命令不能删除操作，删除Pod还是要使用delete -f，如下：
[root@master demo]# kubectl delete -f pod_nginx.yaml namespace "dev" deleted pod "nginx" deleted [root@master demo]#
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