Ansible学习- 常用文件操作模块之copy模块

Posted 2022-02-18 hoxis

简介

• copy模块用于将本地或远程机器上的文件拷贝到远程主机上。

模块参数

名称	必选	默认值	可选值	备注
backup	no	no	yes/no	在覆盖之前将原文件备份，备份文件包含时间信息
content	no			当用content代替src参数的时候，可以把文档的内容设置到特定的值
dest	yes			目标绝对路径。如果src是一个目录，dest也必须是一个目录。如果dest是不存在的路径，并且如果dest以/结尾或者src是目录，则dest被创建。如果src和dest是文件，如果dest的父目录不存在，任务将失败
follow	no	no	yes/no	是否遵循目的机器中的文件系统链接
force	no	yes	yes/no	当内容不同于源时，将替换远程文件。设置为no，则只有在目标不存在的情况下才会传输文件
group	no			设置文件/目录的所属组，将被馈送到chown
local_follow	no	yes	yes/no	是否遵循本地机器中的文件系统链接
mode	no			设置文件权限，模式实际上是八进制数字（如0644），少了前面的零可能会有意想不到的结果。从版本1.8开始，可以将模式指定为符号模式（例如u+rwx或u=rw,g=r,o=r）
owner	no			设置文件/目录的所属用户，将被馈送到chown
remote_src(2.0+)	no	no	yes/no	如果yes它会从目标机上搜索src文件
src	no			将本地路径复制到远程服务器; 可以是绝对路径或相对的。如果是一个目录，它将被递归地复制。如果路径以/结尾，则只有该目录下内容被复制到目的地，如果没有使用/来结尾，则包含目录在内的整个内容全部复制
unsafe_writes	no		yes/no	是否以不安全的方式进行，可能导致数据损坏
validate	no	None		复制前是否检验需要复制目的地的路径

示例

• 拷贝前备份

[root@centos7 ~]# ansible test -m copy -a "src=test.sh backup=yes dest=/root"
172.20.21.121 | SUCCESS => 
    "backup_file": "/root/test.sh.4315.2018-01-12@13:35:35~", 
    "changed": true, 
    "checksum": "e989084b3f4610a41811c5ea280b14f7c5e855f5", 
    "dest": "/root/test.sh", 
    "gid": 0, 
    "group": "root", 
    "md5sum": "7c211ce4c7941a5bb064e77d69e3d9ff", 
    "mode": "0755", 
    "owner": "root", 
    "secontext": "unconfined_u:object_r:admin_home_t:s0", 
    "size": 23, 
    "src": "/root/.ansible/tmp/ansible-tmp-1515735334.86-21848883747071/source", 
    "state": "file", 
    "uid": 0

• src和dest都是文件，若dest的文件的父目录不存在将报错

[root@centos7 ~]# ansible test -m copy -a "src=test.sh dest=/root/liuhao/test"
172.20.21.121 | FAILED! => 
    "changed": false, 
    "checksum": "e989084b3f4610a41811c5ea280b14f7c5e855f5", 
    "msg": "Destination directory /root/liuhao does not exist"

[root@centos7 ~]# ansible test -m copy -a "src=test.sh dest=/root/liuhao/"
172.20.21.121 | SUCCESS => 
    "changed": true, 
    "checksum": "e989084b3f4610a41811c5ea280b14f7c5e855f5", 
    "dest": "/root/liuhao/test.sh", 
    "gid": 0, 
    "group": "root", 
    "md5sum": "7c211ce4c7941a5bb064e77d69e3d9ff", 
    "mode": "0644", 
    "owner": "root", 
    "secontext": "system_u:object_r:admin_home_t:s0", 
    "size": 23, 
    "src": "/root/.ansible/tmp/ansible-tmp-1515736119.26-238832413210409/source", 
    "state": "file", 
    "uid": 0

• 设置文件权限

[root@centos7 ~]# ansible test -m copy -a "src=test.sh dest=/root dest=/tmp owner=liuhao group=liuhao mode=0644"
172.20.21.121 | SUCCESS => 
    "changed": true, 
    "checksum": "e989084b3f4610a41811c5ea280b14f7c5e855f5", 
    "dest": "/tmp/test.sh", 
    "gid": 1000, 
    "group": "liuhao", 
    "md5sum": "7c211ce4c7941a5bb064e77d69e3d9ff", 
    "mode": "0644", 
    "owner": "liuhao", 
    "secontext": "unconfined_u:object_r:admin_home_t:s0", 
    "size": 23, 
    "src": "/root/.ansible/tmp/ansible-tmp-1515735466.22-33633697447932/source", 
    "state": "file", 
    "uid": 1000

• content参数

[root@centos7 ~]# ansible test -m copy -a "content='liuhao \\n test\\n' dest=/root/liuhaotest"
172.20.21.121 | SUCCESS => 
    "changed": true, 
    "checksum": "bd3aa5bf19112271f30c07be425f9a5c08463568", 
    "dest": "/root/liuhaotest", 
    "gid": 0, 
    "group": "root", 
    "md5sum": "7585dc638fd8e219c453c3b1330c7e14", 
    "mode": "0644", 
    "owner": "root", 
    "secontext": "system_u:object_r:admin_home_t:s0", 
    "size": 14, 
    "src": "/root/.ansible/tmp/ansible-tmp-1515735713.37-60072089981042/source", 
    "state": "file", 
    "uid": 0

- force参数

[root@centos7 ~]# ansible test -m copy -a "src=test.sh dest=/root/liuhaotest force=no"
172.20.21.121 | SUCCESS => 
    "changed": false, 
    "dest": "/root/liuhaotest", 
    "src": "/root/test.sh"

• src是目录时
  源目录以/结尾，只拷贝了目录下的内容：

[root@centos7 test]# ansible test -m copy -a "src=/root/test/ dest=/tmp/"
172.20.21.121 | SUCCESS => 
    "changed": true, 
    "checksum": "da39a3ee5e6b4b0d3255bfef95601890afd80709", 
    "dest": "/tmp/1", 
    "gid": 0, 
    "group": "root", 
    "md5sum": "d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e", 
    "mode": "0644", 
    "owner": "root", 
    "secontext": "unconfined_u:object_r:admin_home_t:s0", 
    "size": 0, 
    "src": "/root/.ansible/tmp/ansible-tmp-1515736521.16-258766767883601/source", 
    "state": "file", 
    "uid": 0

源目录未以/结尾，直接将src目录本身拷贝到目的地：

[root@centos7 test]# ansible test -m copy -a "src=/root/test dest=/tmp/"
172.20.21.121 | SUCCESS => 
    "changed": true, 
    "checksum": "da39a3ee5e6b4b0d3255bfef95601890afd80709", 
    "dest": "/tmp/test/1", 
    "gid": 0, 
    "group": "root", 
    "md5sum": "d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e", 
    "mode": "0644", 
    "owner": "root", 
    "secontext": "unconfined_u:object_r:admin_home_t:s0", 
    "size": 0, 
    "src": "/root/.ansible/tmp/ansible-tmp-1515736532.2-82893359525841/source", 
    "state": "file", 
    "uid": 0

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