汉字转拼音PHP类

Posted 2022-02-06 sjg20010414

<?php

/**
 * PHP 汉字转拼音
 * 参考 @author Jerryli([e-mail])
 * 改写 @author Betashen ([e-mail])
 * 主要改写：关联数组改成2个独立数组，用二分搜索，分 UTF-8 和 GBK，分大小写
 * @example： UTF-8字符串用 encode()， GBK字符串用 encodeGBK()
 * echo ChineseToPinYin::encode('浙江机电职业技术学院').PHP_EOL;              //zjjdzyjsxy
 * echo ChineseToPinYin::encode('浙江机电职业技术学院', 'all').PHP_EOL;       //zhe jiang ji dian zhi ye ji shu xue yuan
 * echo ChineseToPinYin::encode('浙江机电职业技术学院', 'head', true).PHP_EOL;//ZJJDZYJSXY
 */


class ChineseToPinYin

    const COUNT = 396;  // 共 396 个拼音
    private static array $_py = [
        'a','ai','an','ang','ao','ba','bai','ban','bang','bao','bei','ben','beng','bi','bian','biao','bie','bin',
        'bing','bo','bu','ca','cai','can','cang','cao','ce','ceng','cha','chai','chan','chang','chao','che','chen',
        'cheng','chi','chong','chou','chu','chuai','chuan','chuang','chui','chun','chuo','ci','cong','cou','cu',
        'cuan','cui','cun','cuo','da','dai','dan','dang','dao','de','deng','di','dian','diao','die','ding','diu',
        'dong','dou','du','duan','dui','dun','duo','e','en','er','fa','fan','fang','fei','fen','feng','fo','fou',
        'fu','ga','gai','gan','gang','gao','ge','gei','gen','geng','gong','gou','gu','gua','guai','guan','guang',
        'gui','gun','guo','ha','hai','han','hang','hao','he','hei','hen','heng','hong','hou','hu','hua','huai',
        'huan','huang','hui','hun','huo','ji','jia','jian','jiang','jiao','jie','jin','jing','jiong','jiu','ju',
        'juan','jue','jun','ka','kai','kan','kang','kao','ke','ken','keng','kong','kou','ku','kua','kuai','kuan',
        'kuang','kui','kun','kuo','la','lai','lan','lang','lao','le','lei','leng','li','lia','lian','liang','liao',
        'lie','lin','ling','liu','long','lou','lu','lv','luan','lue','lun','luo','ma','mai','man','mang','mao','me',
        'mei','men','meng','mi','mian','miao','mie','min','ming','miu','mo','mou','mu','na','nai','nan','nang','nao',
        'ne','nei','nen','neng','ni','nian','niang','niao','nie','nin','ning','niu','nong','nu','nv','nuan','nue',
        'nuo','o','ou','pa','pai','pan','pang','pao','pei','pen','peng','pi','pian','piao','pie','pin','ping','po',
        'pu','qi','qia','qian','qiang','qiao','qie','qin','qing','qiong','qiu','qu','quan','que','qun','ran','rang',
        'rao','re','ren','reng','ri','rong','rou','ru','ruan','rui','run','ruo','sa','sai','san','sang','sao','se',
        'sen','seng','sha','shai','shan','shang','shao','she','shen','sheng','shi','shou','shu','shua','shuai',
        'shuan','shuang','shui','shun','shuo','si','song','sou','su','suan','sui','sun','suo','ta','tai','tan',
        'tang','tao','te','teng','ti','tian','tiao','tie','ting','tong','tou','tu','tuan','tui','tun','tuo','wa',
        'wai','wan','wang','wei','wen','weng','wo','wu','xi','xia','xian','xiang','xiao','xie','xin','xing','xiong',
        'xiu','xu','xuan','xue','xun','ya','yan','yang','yao','ye','yi','yin','ying','yo','yong','you','yu','yuan',
        'yue','yun','za','zai','zan','zang','zao','ze','zei','zen','zeng','zha','zhai','zhan','zhang','zhao','zhe',
        'zhen','zheng','zhi','zhong','zhou','zhu','zhua','zhuai','zhuan','zhuang','zhui','zhun','zhuo','zi','zong',
        'zou','zu','zuan','zui','zun','zuo'
    ];
    private static array $_code = [
        -20319,-20317,-20304,-20295,-20292,-20283,-20265,-20257,-20242,-20230,-20051,-20036,-20032,-20026,-20002,
        -19990,-19986,-19982,-19976,-19805,-19784,-19775,-19774,-19763,-19756,-19751,-19746,-19741,-19739,-19728,
        -19725,-19715,-19540,-19531,-19525,-19515,-19500,-19484,-19479,-19467,-19289,-19288,-19281,-19275,-19270,
        -19263,-19261,-19249,-19243,-19242,-19238,-19235,-19227,-19224,-19218,-19212,-19038,-19023,-19018,-19006,
        -19003,-18996,-18977,-18961,-18952,-18783,-18774,-18773,-18763,-18756,-18741,-18735,-18731,-18722,-18710,
        -18697,-18696,-18526,-18518,-18501,-18490,-18478,-18463,-18448,-18447,-18446,-18239,-18237,-18231,-18220,
        -18211,-18201,-18184,-18183,-18181,-18012,-17997,-17988,-17970,-17964,-17961,-17950,-17947,-17931,-17928,
        -17922,-17759,-17752,-17733,-17730,-17721,-17703,-17701,-17697,-17692,-17683,-17676,-17496,-17487,-17482,
        -17468,-17454,-17433,-17427,-17417,-17202,-17185,-16983,-16970,-16942,-16915,-16733,-16708,-16706,-16689,
        -16664,-16657,-16647,-16474,-16470,-16465,-16459,-16452,-16448,-16433,-16429,-16427,-16423,-16419,-16412,
        -16407,-16403,-16401,-16393,-16220,-16216,-16212,-16205,-16202,-16187,-16180,-16171,-16169,-16158,-16155,
        -15959,-15958,-15944,-15933,-15920,-15915,-15903,-15889,-15878,-15707,-15701,-15681,-15667,-15661,-15659,
        -15652,-15640,-15631,-15625,-15454,-15448,-15436,-15435,-15419,-15416,-15408,-15394,-15385,-15377,-15375,
        -15369,-15363,-15362,-15183,-15180,-15165,-15158,-15153,-15150,-15149,-15144,-15143,-15141,-15140,-15139,
        -15128,-15121,-15119,-15117,-15110,-15109,-14941,-14937,-14933,-14930,-14929,-14928,-14926,-14922,-14921,
        -14914,-14908,-14902,-14894,-14889,-14882,-14873,-14871,-14857,-14678,-14674,-14670,-14668,-14663,-14654,
        -14645,-14630,-14594,-14429,-14407,-14399,-14384,-14379,-14368,-14355,-14353,-14345,-14170,-14159,-14151,
        -14149,-14145,-14140,-14137,-14135,-14125,-14123,-14122,-14112,-14109,-14099,-14097,-14094,-14092,-14090,
        -14087,-14083,-13917,-13914,-13910,-13907,-13906,-13905,-13896,-13894,-13878,-13870,-13859,-13847,-13831,
        -13658,-13611,-13601,-13406,-13404,-13400,-13398,-13395,-13391,-13387,-13383,-13367,-13359,-13356,-13343,
        -13340,-13329,-13326,-13318,-13147,-13138,-13120,-13107,-13096,-13095,-13091,-13076,-13068,-13063,-13060,
        -12888,-12875,-12871,-12860,-12858,-12852,-12849,-12838,-12831,-12829,-12812,-12802,-12607,-12597,-12594,
        -12585,-12556,-12359,-12346,-12320,-12300,-12120,-12099,-12089,-12074,-12067,-12058,-12039,-11867,-11861,
        -11847,-11831,-11798,-11781,-11604,-11589,-11536,-11358,-11340,-11339,-11324,-11303,-11097,-11077,-11067,
        -11055,-11052,-11045,-11041,-11038,-11024,-11020,-11019,-11018,-11014,-10838,-10832,-10815,-10800,-10790,
        -10780,-10764,-10587,-10544,-10533,-10519,-10331,-10329,-10328,-10322,-10315,-10309,-10307,-10296,-10281,
        -10274,-10270,-10262,-10260,-10256,-10254
    ];

    public static function encodeGBK(string $gbkString,  string $sRetFormat='head', bool $upperCase = false): string
    
        $aBuf = [];
        for ($i=0, $cnt=strlen($gbkString); $i<$cnt; $i++) 
            $iChr = ord($gbkString[$i]);  // code值
            if ($iChr>160)  $iChr = ($iChr<<8) + ord($gbkString[++$i]) - 65536; // 是汉字，两个字节计算 code值
            if ('head' === $sRetFormat)
                $aBuf[] = substr(self::zh2py($iChr),0,1);
            else
                $aBuf[] = self::zh2py($iChr);
        
        $result = $sRetFormat === 'head' ? implode('', $aBuf) : implode(' ', $aBuf);
        return $upperCase ? strtoupper($result) : $result;
    

    /**
     * 将中文编码成拼音
     * @param string $utf8String utf8字符集数据
     * @param string $sRetFormat 返回格式 [head:首字母|all:全拼音]
     * @return string
     */
    public static function encode(string $utf8String, string $sRetFormat='head', bool $upperCase = false): string
    
        $gbkStr = iconv('UTF-8', 'GBK', $utf8String);  // 转换为 GBK 字符串
        return self::encodeGBK($gbkStr, $sRetFormat, $upperCase);
    

    /**
     * 中文（GBK字码）转换到拼音(每次处理一个字符)
     * @param number $iWORD 待处理字符双字节
     * @return string 拼音
     */
    private static function zh2py($iWORD) 
        if($iWORD>0 && $iWORD<160 )    // ASCII
            return chr($iWORD);
         elseif ($iWORD<-20319||$iWORD>-10247)    // out of range
            return '';
         else 
            $index = self::binarySearch($iWORD, self::$_code, 0, self::COUNT);
            return self::$_py[$index];
        
    

    private static function binarySearch(int $code, array & $codeArray, int $startIndex, int $endIndex)
    
        $i = ($startIndex + $endIndex) / 2;     // init position to middle
        if ($i == 0 || $i == count($codeArray)-1) return $i;    // first one or last one
        else 
            if ($code >= $codeArray[$i] && $code < $codeArray[$i+1]) // in range [$codeArray[$i], $codeArray[$i+1])
                return $i;
            elseif ($code >= $codeArray[$i+1])  // must be in next range
                return self::binarySearch($code, $codeArray, $i, $endIndex);
            elseif ($code < $codeArray[$i])     // must be in previous range
                return self::binarySearch($code, $codeArray, $startIndex, $i);
        
        return -1;  // not found