使用爬虫获取省份降雨情况，并生成json文件

Posted 2022-01-14 及时行樂_

先上代码

import requests
import json
import re

headers = 
    'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (Khtml, like Gecko) Chrome/86.0.4240.183 Safari/537.36',

def getCityInfo(url:str) ->(float):
    response = requests.get(url, headers=headers)
    response.encoding = response.apparent_encoding
    _precip = re.findall('"od26":"(.*?)"',response.text)
    _precip.reverse()
    return _precip

def getcityname(cityid):
    if cityid == 0:
        str = '北京'
    elif cityid == 1:
        str = '上海'
    elif cityid == 2:
        str = '天津'
    elif cityid == 3:
        str = '重庆'
    elif cityid == 4:
        str = '黑龙江'
    elif cityid == 5:
        str = '吉林'
    elif cityid == 6:
        str = '辽宁'
    elif cityid == 7:
        str = '内蒙古'
    elif cityid == 8:
        str = '河北'
    elif cityid == 9:
        str = '山西'
    elif cityid == 10:
        str = '陕西'
    elif cityid == 11:
        str = '山东'
    elif cityid == 12:
        str = '新疆'
    elif cityid == 13:
        str = '西藏'
    elif cityid == 14:
        str = '青海'
    elif cityid == 15:
        str = '甘肃'
    elif cityid == 16:
        str = '宁夏'
    elif cityid == 17:
        str = '河南'
    elif cityid == 18:
        str = '江苏'
    elif cityid == 19:
        str = '湖北'
    elif cityid == 20:
        str = '浙江'
    elif cityid == 21:
        str = '安徽'
    elif cityid == 22:
        str = '福建'
    elif cityid == 23:
        str = '江西'
    elif cityid == 24:
        str = '湖南'
    elif cityid == 25:
        str = '贵州'
    elif cityid == 26:
        str = '四川'
    elif cityid == 27:
        str = '广东'
    elif cityid == 28:
        str = '云南'
    elif cityid == 29:
        str = '广西'
    elif cityid == 30:
        str = '海南'
    elif cityid == 31:
        str = '香港'
    elif cityid == 32:
        str = '澳门'
    elif cityid == 33:
        str = '台湾'
    else :
        str = '未知'
    return str
if __name__ == "__main__":
    city_dict = []
    for i in range(34):
        city_sign = 101010101 + i*10000
        if i < 4:
            city_sign -= 1
        url = 'http://www.weather.com.cn/html/weather/%s.shtml'%city_sign
        list_precip =getCityInfo(url)
        splitstring = [float(s) for s in list_precip]
        total = sum(splitstring)
        temp = 
        # temp['cityid'] = city_sign
        temp['name'] = getcityname(i)
        temp['count'] = total
        city_dict.append(temp)
    print(city_dict)
    # # 将字典转换成json字符串
    # str_json = json.dumps(city_dict)
    # print(type(str_json))
    # 字典转换成json 存入本地文件
    with open('./province.json','w') as f:
        # 设置不转换成ascii  json字符串首缩进
        f.write( json.dumps(city_dict,ensure_ascii=False,indent=2))
    # print(precip)

依次解读函数，第一个getCityInfo函数，获取未来24小时的降雨信息，注意这个得到的降雨需要一个逆转才能一次看到，未来一小时的，未来两小时的。

第二个函数getcityname，负责通过省会的城市id找到对应的省份。

然后就主函数，就是循环34个省会，查找省会城市的降雨量。

注意，北京、天津、重庆、上海为直辖市，城市id结尾为00，其他省会的结尾为01

看看结果的json文件。

[
  
    "name": "北京",
    "count": 0.0
  ,
  
    "name": "上海",
    "count": 0.0
  ,
  
    "name": "天津",
    "count": 0.0
  ,
  
    "name": "重庆",
    "count": 0.0
  ,
  
    "name": "黑龙江",
    "count": 0.0
  ,
  
    "name": "吉林",
    "count": 0.0
  ,
  
    "name": "辽宁",
    "count": 0.0
  ,
  
    "name": "内蒙古",
    "count": 0.0
  ,
  
    "name": "河北",
    "count": 0.0
  ,
  
    "name": "山西",
    "count": 0.0
  ,
  
    "name": "陕西",
    "count": 0.0
  ,
  
    "name": "山东",
    "count": 0.0
  ,
  
    "name": "新疆",
    "count": 0.0
  ,
  
    "name": "西藏",
    "count": 0.0
  ,
  
    "name": "青海",
    "count": 0.0
  ,
  
    "name": "甘肃",
    "count": 0.0
  ,
  
    "name": "宁夏",
    "count": 0.0
  ,
  
    "name": "河南",
    "count": 0.0
  ,
  
    "name": "江苏",
    "count": 0.0
  ,
  
    "name": "湖北",
    "count": 0.0
  ,
  
    "name": "浙江",
    "count": 0.0
  ,
  
    "name": "安徽",
    "count": 0.0
  ,
  
    "name": "福建",
    "count": 18.3
  ,
  
    "name": "江西",
    "count": 0.0
  ,
  
    "name": "湖南",
    "count": 0.0
  ,
  
    "name": "贵州",
    "count": 0.0
  ,
  
    "name": "四川",
    "count": 0.0
  ,
  
    "name": "广东",
    "count": 0.0
  ,
  
    "name": "云南",
    "count": 0.0
  ,
  
    "name": "广西",
    "count": 0.0
  ,
  
    "name": "海南",
    "count": 0.0
  ,
  
    "name": "香港",
    "count": 0.0
  ,
  
    "name": "澳门",
    "count": 0.0
  ,
  
    "name": "台湾",
    "count": 0.0
  
]