spring boot+vue前后端项目的分离（我的第一个前后端分离项目）
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文章目录
1、前端vue的搭建
建立项目的过程略
开启一个建立好的vue项目用npm run dev
关闭一个vue项目可在终端操作:ctrl+c
需要注意的几点
1、在建立项目的时候、可以选择路由选项。后续就不需要再次安装路由。
2、安装axiosnpm install --save axios vue-axios
前端项目结构样式
main.js、这个是整个项目的入口、要使用的在这里引入
// The Vue build version to load with the `import` command
// (runtime-only or standalone) has been set in webpack.base.conf with an alias.
import Vue from 'vue'
import './plugins/axios'
import App from './App'
import router from './router'
Vue.config.productionTip = false
/* eslint-disable no-new */
new Vue(
el: '#app',
router,
components: App ,
template: '<App/>'
)
Vue.js
在这里可以定义跳转到其他页面的连接
<template>
<div id="app">
<router-link to="/user">book</router-link>
<router-view/>
</div>
</template>
<script>
export default
name: 'App'
</script>
<style>
#app
font-family: 'Avenir', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
-moz-osx-font-smoothing: grayscale;
text-align: center;
color: #2c3e50;
margin-top: 60px;
</style>
配置的路由
在这里配置各个页面跳转的路由
import Vue from 'vue'
import Router from 'vue-router'
import UserList from '../components/UserList'
import Home from '../components/Home'
Vue.use(Router)
export default new Router(
routes: [
path:'/user',
component:UserList
,
path:'/',
component:Home
]
)
组件1、
<template>
<div>
这里是首页
</div>
</template>
<script>
export default
name: "Home"
</script>
<style scoped>
</style>
组件2
（每个组件之间都可以和后台数据交互通过axios）
提示：const _this =this变量的设置，否则会和回调函数搞混
这里和后台进行连接是通过url。这里的url是访问某一个接口的url,就相当于和某个方法进行打通
<template>
<div>
<table class="_table">
<tr class="_tr">
<td>姓名</td>
<td>年龄</td>
<td>邮箱</td>
</tr>
<tr v-for="item in books ">
<td>item.bookAuthor</td>
<td>item.bookName</td>
<td>item.price</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</template>
<script>
export default
name: "UserList",
data()
return
books:[
bookName:'java',
bookAuthor:'小黑',
price:'33'
]
,
created()
const _this =this
axios.get('http://localhost:8181/book/findAll').then(function(resp)
_this.books=resp.data
)
</script>
<style scoped>
table,td
border: 1px solid silver;
</style>
2、后端项目的构建
首先构建项目
目录结构这个样子
pom文件中引入的jar包
我目前只用到mysql，shiro用来做后续的权限安全验证
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!--整合shiro
subject:用户
security manager：管理所有的用户
realm：连接数据库
-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId>
<artifactId>shiro-spring</artifactId>
<version>1.4.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.github.theborakompanioni</groupId>
<artifactId>thymeleaf-extras-shiro</artifactId>
<version>2.0.0</version>
</dependency>
<!--整合mybatis-->
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.mybatis.spring.boot/mybatis-spring-boot-starter -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>2.1.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- JDBC-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- Mysql-->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>druid</artifactId>
<version>1.1.6</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
yml文件用来配置连接数据库和端口的设置
spring:
datasource:
username: root
password: root
url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ssmbuild?allowMultiQueries=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&characterSetResults=UTF-8&zeroDateTimeBehavior=convertToNull&useSSL=false
driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource
#spring boot 默认是不注入这些属性的，需要自己绑定
#druid 数据源专有配置
initiaSize: 5
minIdle: 5
maxActive: 20
maxWait: 60000
timeBetweenEvictionRunsmMillis: 60000
minEvictableIdleTimeMillis: 300000
validationQuery: SELECT 1 FROM DUAL
testWhileIdle: true
testOnBorrow: false
testOnReturn: false
poolPreparedStatements: true
filters: stat,wall,log4j
maxPoolPrepareStatementPerConnectionSize: 20
useGlobalDataSourceStat: true
connectionProperties: druid.stat.mergeSql=true;druid.stat.slowSqlMillis=500
server:
port: 8181
application.property进行一些整合
spring.aop.auto=true
#整合mybatis
mybatis.type-aliases-package=com.zheng.pojo
mybatis.mapper-locations=classpath:mybatis/mapper/*.xml
controller层（这里返回给前端的数据用json）
这里使用RestController返回的就是return的内容
- 知识点：@RestController注解相当于@ResponseBody ＋ @Controller合在一起的作用。
如果需要返回JSON，XML或自定义mediaType内容到页面，则需要在对应的方法上加上@ResponseBody注解。
package com.zheng.controller;
import com.zheng.pojo.Books;
import com.zheng.service.BookService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import java.util.List;
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/book")
public class BooksController
@Autowired
BookService bookService;
//查询所有的书籍信息
@GetMapping("/findAll")
public List<Books> findAll()
return bookService.queryBookList();
service层
package com.zheng.service;
import com.zheng.pojo.Books;
import java.util.List;
public interface BookService
/**
* 查询图书
*/
public List<Books> queryBookList();
imp层
package com.zheng.service.serviceImpl;
import com.zheng.mapper.BooksMapper;
import com.zheng.pojo.Books;
import com.zheng.service.BookService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import java.util.List;
@Service
public class BookServiceImpl implements BookService
@Autowired
BooksMapper booksMapper;
//查询书籍
@Override
public List<Books> queryBookList()
return booksMapper.queryBookList() ;
dao层
package com.zheng.mapper;
import com.zheng.pojo.Books;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Mapper;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
import java.util.List;
@Mapper //这个注解表示这个是mybatis的mapeper
@Repository
public interface BooksMapper
/**
* 查询图书
*/
public List<Books> queryBookList();
mapper
、这个位置
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.zheng.mapper.BooksMapper">
<select id="queryBookList" resultType="com.zheng.pojo.Books">
select * from bookss
</select>
</mapper>
实体类
可以使用Lombok、我不喜欢使用
package com.zheng.pojo;
public class Books
private String bookId;
private String bookName;
private String bookAuthor;
private Double price;
private String address;
private String impression;
private String introduce;
public Books(String bookId, String bookName, String bookAuthor, Double price, String address, String impression, String introduce)
this.bookId = bookId;
this.bookName = bookName;
this.bookAuthor = bookAuthor;
this.price = price;
this.address = address;
this.impression = impression;
this.introduce = introduce;
public Double getPrice()
return price;
public void setPrice(Double price)
this.price = price;
public Books()
public String getBookId()
return bookId;
public void setBookId(String bookId)
this.bookId = bookId;
public String getBookName()
return bookName;
public void setBookName(String bookName)
this.bookName = bookName;
public String getBookAuthor()
return bookAuthor;
public void setBookAuthor(String bookAuthor)
this.bookAuthor = bookAuthor;
public String getAddress()
return address;
public void setAddress(String address)
this.address = address;
public String getImpression()
return impression;
public void setImpression(String impression)
this.impression = impression;
public String getIntroduce()
return introduce;
public void setIntroduce(String introduce)
this.introduce = introduce;
额外写一个类、解决跨域问题
package com.zheng.config;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.CorsRegistry;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurer;
@Configuration
public class CrosConfig implements WebMvcConfigurer
public void addCorsMappings(CorsRegistry registry)
registry.addMapping("/**")
.allowedOriginPatterns("*")
.allowedMethods("GET","HEAD","POST","PUT","DELETE","OPTIONS")
.allowCredentials(true)
.maxAge(3600)
.allowedHeaders("*");
遇到的问题：
在测试从数据库取数据的时候，那个测试类出了问题。根本原因是spring boot的启动类没有放在根目录。
3、测试
第一步、1、开启后端服务
第二步、开启前端服务
看页面效果
点击book
这个是从后端请求来的数据。没做样式、简单打通、可以使用elementui让页面更加美观。
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