基于 Es 实现站内全文搜索
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摘要
对于一家公司而言,数据量越来越多,如果快速去查找这些信息是一个很难的问题,在计算机领域有一个专门的领域IR(Information Retrival)研究如果获取信息,做信息检索。
在国内的如百度这样的搜索引擎也属于这个领域,要自己实现一个搜索引擎是非常难的,不过信息查找对每一个公司都非常重要,对于开发人员也可以选则一些市场上的开源项目来构建自己的站内搜索引擎,本文将通过ElasticSearch来构建一个这样的信息检索项目。
1 技术选型
搜索引擎服务使用 ElasticSearch
提供的对外 web 服务选则 Springboot web
1.1 ElasticSearch
1.2 Spring Boot
Spring Boot makes it easy to create stand-alone, production-grade Spring based Applications that you can “just run”.
现在 Spring Boot 在做 web 开发上是绝对的主流,其不仅仅是开发上的优势,在布署,运维各个方面都有着非常不错的表现,并且 Spring 生态圈的影响力太大了,可以找到各种成熟的解决方案。
1.3 ik分词器
ElasticSearch 本身不支持中文的分词,需要安装中文分词插件,如果需要做中文的信息检索,中文分词是基础,此处选则了ik,下载好后放入 elasticSearch 的安装位置的 plugin 目录即可。
2 环境准备
需要安装好elastiSearch以及kibana(可选),并且需要lk分词插件。
安装elasticSearch elasticsearch官网. 笔者使用的是7.5.1。
ik插件下载 ik插件github地址. 注意下载和你下载elasticsearch版本一样的ik插件。
将ik插件放入elasticsearch安装目录下的plugins包下,新建报名ik,将下载好的插件解压到该目录下即可,启动es的时候会自动加载该插件。
搭建 Spring Boot 项目 idea ->new project ->spring initializer
3 项目架构
获取数据使用ik分词插件
将数据存储在es引擎中
通过es检索方式对存储的数据进行检索
使用es的java客户端提供外部服务
4 实现效果
4.1 搜索页面
简单实现一个类似百度的搜索框即可。
4.2 搜索结果页面
点击第一个搜索结果是我个人的某一篇博文,为了避免数据版权问题,笔者在es引擎中存放的全是个人的博客数据。
5 具体代码实现
5.1 全文检索的实现对象
按照博文的基本信息定义了如下实体类,主要需要知道每一个博文的url,通过检索出来的文章具体查看要跳转到该url。
package com.lbh.es.entity;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonIgnore;
import javax.persistence.*;
/**
* PUT articles
*
* "mappings":
* "properties":
* "author":"type":"text",
* "content":"type":"text","analyzer":"ik_max_word","search_analyzer":"ik_smart",
* "title":"type":"text","analyzer":"ik_max_word","search_analyzer":"ik_smart",
* "createDate":"type":"date","format":"yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss||yyyy-MM-dd",
* "url":"type":"text"
* ,
* "settings":
* "index":
* "number_of_shards":1,
* "number_of_replicas":2
*
*
*
* ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* Copyright(c)lbhbinhao@163.com
* @author liubinhao
* @date 2021/3/3
*/
@Entity
@Table(name = "es_article")
public class ArticleEntity
@Id
@JsonIgnore
@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
private long id;
@Column(name = "author")
private String author;
@Column(name = "content",columnDefinition="TEXT")
private String content;
@Column(name = "title")
private String title;
@Column(name = "createDate")
private String createDate;
@Column(name = "url")
private String url;
public String getAuthor()
return author;
public void setAuthor(String author)
this.author = author;
public String getContent()
return content;
public void setContent(String content)
this.content = content;
public String getTitle()
return title;
public void setTitle(String title)
this.title = title;
public String getCreateDate()
return createDate;
public void setCreateDate(String createDate)
this.createDate = createDate;
public String getUrl()
return url;
public void setUrl(String url)
this.url = url;
5.2 客户端配置
通过java配置es的客户端。
/**
* Copyright(c)lbhbinhao@163.com
* @author liubinhao
* @date 2021/3/3
*/
@Configuration
public class EsConfig
@Value("$elasticsearch.schema")
private String schema;
@Value("$elasticsearch.address")
private String address;
@Value("$elasticsearch.connectTimeout")
private int connectTimeout;
@Value("$elasticsearch.socketTimeout")
private int socketTimeout;
@Value("$elasticsearch.connectionRequestTimeout")
private int tryConnTimeout;
@Value("$elasticsearch.maxConnectNum")
private int maxConnNum;
@Value("$elasticsearch.maxConnectPerRoute")
private int maxConnectPerRoute;
@Bean
public RestHighLevelClient restHighLevelClient()
// 拆分地址
List<HttpHost> hostLists = new ArrayList<>();
String[] hostList = address.split(",");
for (String addr : hostList)
String host = addr.split(":")[0];
String port = addr.split(":")[1];
hostLists.add(new HttpHost(host, Integer.parseInt(port), schema));
// 转换成 HttpHost 数组
HttpHost[] httpHost = hostLists.toArray(new HttpHost[]);
// 构建连接对象
RestClientBuilder builder = RestClient.builder(httpHost);
// 异步连接延时配置
builder.setRequestConfigCallback(requestConfigBuilder ->
requestConfigBuilder.setConnectTimeout(connectTimeout);
requestConfigBuilder.setSocketTimeout(socketTimeout);
requestConfigBuilder.setConnectionRequestTimeout(tryConnTimeout);
return requestConfigBuilder;
);
// 异步连接数配置
builder.setHttpClientConfigCallback(httpClientBuilder ->
httpClientBuilder.setMaxConnTotal(maxConnNum);
httpClientBuilder.setMaxConnPerRoute(maxConnectPerRoute);
return httpClientBuilder;
);
return new RestHighLevelClient(builder);
5.3 业务代码编写
包括一些检索文章的信息,可以从文章标题,文章内容以及作者信息这些维度来查看相关信息。
/**
* Copyright(c)lbhbinhao@163.com
* @author liubinhao
* @date 2021/3/3
*/
@Service
public class ArticleService
private static final String ARTICLE_INDEX = "article";
@Resource
private RestHighLevelClient client;
@Resource
private ArticleRepository articleRepository;
public boolean createIndexOfArticle()
Settings settings = Settings.builder()
.put("index.number_of_shards", 1)
.put("index.number_of_replicas", 1)
.build();
// "properties":"author":"type":"text",
// "content":"type":"text","analyzer":"ik_max_word","search_analyzer":"ik_smart"
// ,"title":"type":"text","analyzer":"ik_max_word","search_analyzer":"ik_smart",
// ,"createDate":"type":"date","format":"yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss||yyyy-MM-dd"
//
String mapping = "\\"properties\\":\\"author\\":\\"type\\":\\"text\\",\\n" +
"\\"content\\":\\"type\\":\\"text\\",\\"analyzer\\":\\"ik_max_word\\",\\"search_analyzer\\":\\"ik_smart\\"\\n" +
",\\"title\\":\\"type\\":\\"text\\",\\"analyzer\\":\\"ik_max_word\\",\\"search_analyzer\\":\\"ik_smart\\"\\n" +
",\\"createDate\\":\\"type\\":\\"date\\",\\"format\\":\\"yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss||yyyy-MM-dd\\"\\n" +
",\\"url\\":\\"type\\":\\"text\\"\\n" +
"";
CreateIndexRequest indexRequest = new CreateIndexRequest(ARTICLE_INDEX)
.settings(settings).mapping(mapping,XContentType.JSON);
CreateIndexResponse response = null;
try
response = client.indices().create(indexRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
catch (IOException e)
e.printStackTrace();
if (response!=null)
System.err.println(response.isAcknowledged() ? "success" : "default");
return response.isAcknowledged();
else
return false;
public boolean deleteArticle()
DeleteIndexRequest request = new DeleteIndexRequest(ARTICLE_INDEX);
try
AcknowledgedResponse response = client.indices().delete(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
return response.isAcknowledged();
catch (IOException e)
e.printStackTrace();
return false;
public IndexResponse addArticle(ArticleEntity article)
Gson gson = new Gson();
String s = gson.toJson(article);
//创建索引创建对象
IndexRequest indexRequest = new IndexRequest(ARTICLE_INDEX);
//文档内容
indexRequest.source(s,XContentType.JSON);
//通过client进行http的请求
IndexResponse re = null;
try
re = client.index(indexRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
catch (IOException e)
e.printStackTrace();
return re;
public void transferFrommysql()
articleRepository.findAll().forEach(this::addArticle);
public List<ArticleEntity> queryByKey(String keyword)
SearchRequest request = new SearchRequest();
/*
* 创建 搜索内容参数设置对象:SearchSourceBuilder
* 相对于matchQuery,multiMatchQuery针对的是多个fi eld,也就是说,当multiMatchQuery中,fieldNames参数只有一个时,其作用与matchQuery相当;
* 而当fieldNames有多个参数时,如field1和field2,那查询的结果中,要么field1中包含text,要么field2中包含text。
*/
SearchSourceBuilder searchSourceBuilder = new SearchSourceBuilder();
searchSourceBuilder.query(QueryBuilders
.multiMatchQuery(keyword, "author","content","title"));
request.source(searchSourceBuilder);
List<ArticleEntity> result = new ArrayList<>();
try
SearchResponse search = client.search(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
for (SearchHit hit:search.getHits())
Map<String, Object> map = hit.getSourceAsMap();
ArticleEntity item = new ArticleEntity();
item.setAuthor((String) map.get("author"));
item.setContent((String) map.get("content"));
item.setTitle((String) map.get("title"));
item.setUrl((String) map.get("url"));
result.add(item);
return result;
catch (IOException e)
e.printStackTrace();
return null;
public ArticleEntity queryById(String indexId)
GetRequest request = new GetRequest(ARTICLE_INDEX, indexId);
GetResponse response = null;
try
response = client.get(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
catch (IOException e)
e.printStackTrace();
if (response!=null&&response.isExists())
Gson gson = new Gson();
return gson.fromJson(response.getSourceAsString(),ArticleEntity.class);
return null;
5.4 对外接口
和使用springboot开发web程序相同。
/**
* Copyright(c)lbhbinhao@163.com
* @author liubinhao
* @date 2021/3/3
*/
@RestController
@RequestMapping("article")
public class ArticleController
@Resource
private ArticleService articleService;
@GetMapping("/create")
public boolean create()
return articleService.createIndexOfArticle();
@GetMapping("/delete")
public boolean delete()
return articleService.deleteArticle();
@PostMapping("/add")
public IndexResponse add(@RequestBody ArticleEntity article)
return articleService.addArticle(article);
@GetMapping("/fransfer")
public String transfer()
articleService.transferFromMysql();
return "successful";
@GetMapping("/query")
public List<ArticleEntity> query(String keyword)
return articleService.queryByKey(keyword);
5.5 页面
此处页面使用thymeleaf,主要原因是笔者真滴不会前端,只懂一丢丢简单的h5,就随便做了一个可以展示的页面。
搜索页面
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8" />
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" />
<title>YiyiDu</title>
<!--
input:focus设定当输入框被点击时,出现蓝色外边框
text-indent: 11px;和padding-left: 11px;设定输入的字符的起始位置与左边框的距离
-->
<style>
input:focus
border: 2px solid rgb(62, 88, 206);
input
text-indent: 11px;
padding-left: 11px;
font-size: 16px;
</style>
<!--input初始状态-->
<style class="input/css">
.input
width: 33%;
height: 45px;
vertical-align: top;
box-sizing: border-box;
border: 2px solid rgb(207, 205, 205);
border-right: 2px solid rgb(62, 88, 206);
border-bottom-left-radius: 10px;
border-top-left-radius: 10px;
outline: none;
margin: 0;
display: inline-block;
background: url(/static/img/camera.jpg) no-repeat 0 0;
background-position: 565px 7px;
background-size: 28px;
padding-right: 49px;
padding-top: 10px;
padding-bottom: 10px;
line-height: 16px;
</style>
<!--button初始状态-->
<style class="button/css">
.button
height: 45px;
width: 130px;
vertical-align: middle;
text-indent: -8px;
padding-left: -8px;
background-color: rgb(62, 88, 206);
color: white;
font-size: 18px;
outline: none;
border: none;
border-bottom-right-radius: 10px;
border-top-right-radius: 10px;
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
</style>
</head>
<body>
<!--包含table的div-->
<!--包含input和button的div-->
<div style="font-size: 0px;">
<div align="center" style="margin-top: 0px;">
<img src="../static/img/yyd.png" th:src = "@/static/img/yyd.png" alt="一亿度" width="280px" class="pic" />
</div>
<div align="center">
<!--action实现跳转-->
<form action="/home/query">
<input type="text" class="input" name="keyword" />
<input type="submit" class="button" value="一亿度下" />
</form>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
搜索结果页面
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.staticfile.org/twitter-bootstrap/4.3.1/css/bootstrap.min.css">
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>xx-manager</title>
</head>
<body>
<header th:replace="search.html"></header>
<div class="container my-2">
<ul th:each="article : $articles">
<a th:href="$article.url"><li th:text="$article.author+$article.content"></li></a>
</ul>
</div>
<footer th:replace="footer.html"></footer>
</body>
</html>
来源:blog.csdn.net/weixin_44671737/article/details/114456257
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