elasticsearch 的基本查询语法使用（上）
Posted L.S.V.
tags:
篇首语：本文由小常识网(cha138.com)小编为大家整理，主要介绍了elasticsearch 的基本查询语法使用（上）相关的知识，希望对你有一定的参考价值。
1.设置查询时间
（1）默认是没有设置超时时间的，设置之后会执行timeout的机制
（2）timeout机制：如果一条查询需要查询5秒，但是设置了timeout=1s，那么不管查询到了多少条数据，都会在时间到达1s以后停止
（3）用法： get /索引名/_search?timeout=1s/ms/m 或者
GET /zzl/_search
"timeout": "1s",
"query":
"bool":
"must": [
"match":
"name": "xiaomi"
,
"match":
"tage": "fashao"
]
2.Query DSL：
前提：你需要一个索引表
// 1 注意这个 1 他是对应的索引，自己想要添加多条的时候直接改就行
PUT /zzl/_doc/1?pretty
"name" : "iphone",
"desc" : "buzhidao",
"price" : 9999,
"tags": [ "sha dong xi","phone"],
"current": "zzz",
"zzl": 15
（1）匹配所有：（以下均以zzl索引示例）
GET /zzl/_search
#_source不显示元数据，也就是索引下的数据，自行测试的时候可以删掉这个
#_source可以设置你想要的对应的字段示例 "_source": ["name","tags"]
"_source": false,
"query":"match_all":
查询结果：(东西太长，只有6粘贴展示我当前zzl索引对应的字段)
"took" : 0,
"timed_out" : false,
"_shards" :
"total" : 1,
"successful" : 1,
"skipped" : 0,
"failed" : 0
,
"hits" :
"total" :
"value" : 6,
"relation" : "eq"
,
"max_score" : 1.0,
"hits" : [
"_index" : "zzl",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "1",
"_score" : 1.0
,
"_index" : "zzl",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "2",
"_score" : 1.0
,
"_index" : "zzl",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "3",
"_score" : 1.0
,
"_index" : "zzl",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "4",
"_score" : 1.0
,
"_index" : "zzl",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "5",
"_score" : 1.0
,
"_index" : "zzl",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "6",
"_score" : 1.0,
"_source" :
"name" : "vivo nfc phone",
"desc" : "buzhidao",
"price" : 9999,
"tags" : [
"sha dong xi"
],
"current" : "zzz",
"zzl" : 15
]
（2）match: 全文检索，会分词 （分词下次会介绍）
GET /zzl/_search
"_source": ["name"], # 只显示对应的name 篇幅有限
"query":
"match":
# 如果你现在就想直接起飞，并且没有在创建索引的时候对字段设置分词器
# 那么对应的你可能会踩到一个坑，像中国式的拼音，es默认的分词器不给你分词，需要用空格分开
"name": "xiaomi"
查询结果：
"hits" :
"total" :
"value" : 2,
"relation" : "eq"
,
"max_score" : 1.1704489,
"hits" : [
"_index" : "zzl",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "1",
"_score" : 1.1704489,
"_source" :
"name" : " xiaomi phone"
,
"_index" : "zzl",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "2",
"_score" : 1.0054247,
"_source" :
"name" : "xiaomi nfc phone"
]
（3）multi_match：根据多个字段查询一个关键词
GET /zzl/_search
"_source": ["name","tags"],
"query":
"multi_match":
"query": "iphone",
"fields": ["name","tags"]
查询结果
"hits" :
"total" :
"value" : 4,
"relation" : "eq"
,
"max_score" : 1.5114288,
"hits" : [
"_index" : "zzl",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "8",
"_score" : 1.5114288,
"_source" :
"name" : "Air iphone",
"tags" : [
"sha dong xi",
"iphone",
"Air iphone"
]
,
"_index" : "zzl",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "7",
"_score" : 1.241217,
"_source" :
"name" : "iphone",
"tags" : [
"sha dong xi",
"iphone"
]
,
"_index" : "zzl",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "10",
"_score" : 1.1505529,
"_source" :
"name" : "iphone",
"tags" : [
"sha dong xi",
"phone"
]
,
"_index" : "zzl",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "3",
"_score" : 0.77807164,
"_source" :
"name" : "iphone nfc phone",
"tags" : [
"pingguo",
"wending"
]
]
(4)sort :排序
(注意sort属于聚合查询，一般不对text类型的字段进行查询，聚合查询不在这次笔记中)
GET /zzl/_search
"_source": ["name","tags","price"],
"query":
"multi_match":
"query": "iphone",
"fields": ["name","tags"]
,
"sort": [
#我设置的字段里面只有price目前是long 类型
"price":
"order": "desc"
]
查询结果：
"hits" :
"total" :
"value" : 4,
"relation" : "eq"
,
"max_score" : null,
"hits" : [
"_index" : "zzl",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "7",
"_score" : null,
"_source" :
"price" : 9999,
"name" : "iphone",
"tags" : [
"sha dong xi",
"iphone"
]
,
"sort" : [
9999
]
,
"_index" : "zzl",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "8",
"_score" : null,
"_source" :
"price" : 9999,
"name" : "Air iphone",
"tags" : [
"sha dong xi",
"iphone",
"Air iphone"
]
,
"sort" : [
9999
]
,
"_index" : "zzl",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "10",
"_score" : null,
"_source" :
"price" : 9999,
"name" : "iphone",
"tags" : [
"sha dong xi",
"phone"
]
,
"sort" : [
9999
]
,
"_index" : "zzl",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "3",
"_score" : null,
"_source" :
"price" : 6999,
"name" : "iphone nfc phone",
"tags" : [
"pingguo",
"wending"
]
,
"sort" : [
6999
]
]
（5）分页
GET /product/_search
"query":
"match_all":
,
"sort": [
"price": "asc"
],
"from": 0,
"size": 2
查询结果
"hits" :
"total" :
"value" : 4,
"relation" : "eq"
,
"max_score" : null,
"hits" : [
"_index" : "zzl",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "7",
"_score" : null,
"_source" :
"price" : 9999,
"name" : "iphone",
"tags" : [
"sha dong xi",
"iphone"
]
,
"sort" : [
9999
]
,
"_index" : "zzl",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "8",
"_score" : null,
"_source" :
"price" : 9999,
"name" : "Air iphone",
"tags" : [
"sha dong xi",
"iphone",
"Air iphone"
]
,
"sort" : [
9999
]
]
剩下的下次再介绍
以上是关于elasticsearch 的基本查询语法使用（上）的主要内容，如果未能解决你的问题，请参考以下文章