[CentOS 7系列]YUM安装（上）
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1、YUM工具
| 命 令 | 作 用 |
| yum list | 列出可用安装包 |
| yum search packet-name | 搜索包 |
| yum install [-y] packet-name | 安装包 |
| yum grouplist | 查看可能批量安装的列表 |
| yum groupinstall [-y] group-name | 批量安装包 |
| yum remove [-y] packet-name | 卸载包 |
| yum update [-y] packet-name | 升级包 |
| yum provides "/*/file" | 查看特定文件属于哪个软件包 |
| ls /etc/yum.repos.d | yum源的配置文件夹 |
测试示例：
[[email protected] ~]# yum info | more 已加载插件：fastestmirror Repodata is over 2 weeks old. Install yum-cron? Or run: yum makecache fast Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirrors.aliyun.com * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com 已安装的软件包 名称 ：GeoIP 架构 ：x86_64 版本 ：1.5.0 发布 ：11.el7 大小 ：2.8 M 源 ：installed 来自源：anaconda 简介 ： Library for country/city/organization to IP address or hostname : mapping 网址 ：http://www.maxmind.com/app/c 协议 ： LGPLv2+ and GPLv2+ and CC-BY-SA 描述 ： GeoIP is a C library that enables the user to find the country that : any IP address or hostname originates from. It uses a file based : database that is accurate as of June 2007 and can optionally be : updated on a weekly basis by installing the GeoIP-update package. : This database simply contains IP blocks as keys, and countries as : values. This database should be more complete and accurate than using : reverse DNS lookups. : : This package includes GeoLite data created by MaxMind, available from :http://www.maxmind.com/ ...... [[email protected] ~]# yum install -y vim-enhanced 已加载插件：fastestmirror Repodata is over 2 weeks old. Install yum-cron? Or run: yum makecache fast base | 3.6 kB 00:00:00 extras | 3.4 kB 00:00:00 updates | 3.4 kB 00:00:00 (1/2): extras/7/x86_64/primary_db | 168 kB 00:00:00 (2/2): updates/7/x86_64/primary_db | 6.4 MB 00:00:01 Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirrors.aliyun.com * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com 正在解决依赖关系 --> 正在检查事务 ---> 软件包 vim-enhanced.x86_64.2.7.4.160-1.el7_3.1 将被 安装 --> 正在处理依赖关系 vim-common = 2:7.4.160-1.el7_3.1，它被软件包 2:vim-enhanced-7.4.160-1.el7_3.1.x86_64 需要 ...... --> 解决依赖关系完成 ...... 完毕！ [[email protected] ~]# ls /etc/yum.repos.d CentOS-Base.repo CentOS-Debuginfo.repo CentOS-Media.repo CentOS-Vault.repo CentOS-CR.repo CentOS-fasttrack.repo CentOS-Sources.repo
2、YUM本地仓库
1）挂载镜像到/mnt目录
[[email protected] ~]# mount /dev/cdrom /mnt mount: /dev/sr0 写保护，将以只读方式挂载
2）备份yum配置文件
[[email protected] ~]# cp -r /etc/yum.repos.d /etc/yum.repos.d.bak
3)删除yum配置文件
[[email protected] ~]# rm -f /etc/yum.repos.d/*
4)编辑本地源
[[email protected] ~]# cat /etc/yum.repos.d/dvd.repo [dvd] name=install dvd baseurl=file:///mnt enable=1 gpcheck=0
5)清理软件源
[[email protected] ~]# yum clean all 已加载插件：fastestmirror 正在清理软件源： dvd Cleaning up everything Cleaning up list of fastest mirrors
6)查看可用安装包
[[email protected] ~]# yum list ...... 389-ds-base-devel.x86_64 1.3.3.1-13.el7 dvd GConf2-devel.i686 3.2.6-8.el7 dvd GConf2-devel.x86_64 3.2.6-8.el7 dvd GeoIP-devel.i686 1.5.0-9.el7 dvd GeoIP-devel.x86_64 1.5.0-9.el7 dvd ImageMagick-c++-devel.i686 6.7.8.9-10.el7 dvd ImageMagick-c++-devel.x86_64 6.7.8.9-10.el7 dvd ImageMagick-devel.i686 6.7.8.9-10.el7 dvd ImageMagick-devel.x86_64 6.7.8.9-10.el7 dvd LibRaw-devel.i686 0.14.8-5.el7.20120830git98d925 dvd LibRaw-devel.x86_64 0.14.8-5.el7.20120830git98d925 dvd ModemManager-devel.i686 1.1.0-6.git20130913.el7 dvd ModemManager-devel.x86_64 1.1.0-6.git20130913.el7 dvd ModemManager-glib-devel.i686 1.1.0-6.git20130913.el7 dvd ModemManager-glib-devel.x86_64 1.1.0-6.git20130913.el7 dvd ......
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