介绍一款Oracle的利器小工具-SQLcl
Posted bisal
tags:
篇首语:本文由小常识网(cha138.com)小编为大家整理,主要介绍了介绍一款Oracle的利器小工具-SQLcl相关的知识,希望对你有一定的参考价值。
《表和索引统计信息自动采集的问题》操作过程中用到个指令info,
有朋友后台问,没找到这个指令,
其实这是文章中的一个彩蛋,info指令不是Oracle数据库的原生指令,他是来自于Oracle数据的一个命令行工具SQLcl(Oracle SQL Developer Command Line)。
SQLcl刚刚将其许可更改为了Oracle Free Use Terms and Conditions,这意味着该工具现在无需手动点击同意即可下载,这一变化还将使自动下载成为可能。SQLcl会和Oracle SQL Developer、Oracle Database、OCI Cloud Shell、OCI Linux Yum Repository,以及marketplace中的OCI Developer Image绑定发布,例如SQLcl会出现在SQL Deveoper根路径的\\sqldeveloper\\sqldeveloper\\bin文件夹中,当然,支持单独下载SQLcl。
上周的Oracle Database World线上大会,Jeff Smith(Oracle团队的Master Product Manager)的演讲中就提到了这个小工具,介绍了很多使用上的技巧,例如之前sqlplus不支持的代码自动补全(sqlplus可以通过三方包,实现此功能),SQLcl就直接支持。
上周演讲中,他用的SQLcl是21.4,但实际上这是个内测版本,他会在圣诞节前发布出来,
目前可提供的,是21.3.3,
https://www.oracle.com/tools/downloads/sqlcl-downloads.html
点击左下侧“Previous Version”,可以找到历史版本的链接,但是很奇怪,点击一次,才会出现一次历史的版本,其他的软件,一般都是列出所有可下载的历史版本,不知道Oracle为什么这么设计,
而且20.2再往回找,就提示错误了,看来大公司,也有小问题,
官方文档路径,
https://docs.oracle.com/en/database/oracle/sql-developer-command-line/index.html
官方给出的SQLcl的一些特性,
https://www.oracle.com/database/technologies/appdev/sqlcl.html
上面说的都很官方色彩,如果想了解SQLcl,建议读下Jeff的文章《The Modern Command Line》,可以借机了解下,顶级的产品经理写出的文章,言简意赅,但抓住了要点,是怎么做到能吸引用户的,
https://blogs.oracle.com/oraclemagazine/post/the-modern-command-line
Oracle的中文公众号写过这篇《SQLcl这个可爱的小工具,来了解一下呀~》,介绍了很多SQLcl使用的小技巧。
一款工具,好用不好用,其实完全在个人,毕竟每个人的标准都是不同的,能帮助我们日常的工作,提升效率,这是最基本的。
可以学习sql的脚本,包括修改记录,写得非常清晰,值得借鉴,
#######################################################################
# (@)sql.sh
#
# Copyright 2014 by Oracle Corporation,
# 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, California, 94065, U.S.A.
# All rights reserved.
#
# This software is the confidential and proprietary information
# of Oracle Corporation.
#
# NAME sql
#
# DESC This script starts SQL CL.
#
# AUTHOR bamcgill
#
# MODIFIED
# bamcgill 21/03/2014 Created
# bamcgill 18/07/2014 Simplified classpaths and args
# bamcgill 11/12/2014 Renamed script and contents
# bamcgill 16/01/2015 Renamed script and contents
# bamcgill 05/02/2015 Added STD_ARGS for headless and other args
# cdivilly 12/02/2015 Locate home folder via symlinks
# bamcgill 10/06/2015 Quote jarfiles for dirs with spaces
# bamcgill 02/10/2015 Adding specific JAVA_HOME for ADE dev users
# totierne 02/10/2015 use -cp instead of JARFILE to add ojdbc6
# bamcgill 14/10/2015 switch Cygwin settings so Cygwin Term will work
# totierne 16/10/2015 add classpath to allow times ten jars
# bamcgill 17/10/2015 Cleaning up bootstrap to call single java
# implementation with pruned args.
# totierne 12/05/2016 added $OH/lib to $LD_LIBRARY_PATH when $OH
# bamcgill 12/05/2016 adding -cleanup to args
# bamcgill 29/06/2016 Added more checks around JAVA_HOME settings
# bamcgill 04/07/2016 Using the ADE RDBMS JDK if it exists.
# jmcginni 23/08/2016 Grab Proxy info on Mac, KDE, Gnome
# bamcgill 04/11/2016 Added all jars to classpath and pointed cobertura
# ser file for running.
# bamcgill 17/11/2016 Added $OH/jdk as java location if JAVA_HOME not set
# bamcgill 16/10/2017 Enumerated the libraries for sqlcl to avoid unwanted
# class loads
# bamcgill 11/03/2017 Added classpaths for jars in different locations
# embedded in Oracle SQLDeveloper
# bamcgill 11/06/2017 Added classpaths for drivers and exts.
# bamcgill 10/05/2019 Hardened support for MINGW console on windows
# bamcgill 21/05/2019 Adding silence for nashorn warning after jdk11
# bamcgill 19/06/2019 Adding slf4j as its used with lb support and
# the new ssh implementation:wq
# bamcgill 14/11/2019 Removing funny comments from file.
# skutz 29/01/2020 Added utility function to get java version and
# used in in ADE setup function
# bamcgill 12/03/2020 Adding LANG and LC_ALL variables for forcing
# sqlcl into a particular language
# bamcgill 03/06/2020 Changing the DEBUG Flag to be explicitly called
# SQLCL_DEBUG which will allow debugging of sqlcl java.
# bamcgill 23/07/2020 In docker alpine images, LANG defaults to C or posix
# in this case we default to en_US.UTF8
# bamcgill 27/01/2021 Adding jars and flags for Graal.js support. This is
# important as jdk15 removes nashorn which was deprecated
# in JDK11
########################################################################
SQLcl需要JRE的运行环境,准确地说,需要1.8.0_220以上版本,如果比这个低,运行时提示,
This application requires a Java Runtime Environment 1.8.0_220
SQLcl是个免安装的,无需安装Oracle客户端,支持常用的EZConnect、TNS、LDAP、TWO_TASK等连接形式。在路径下,找到可执行程序,按照如下格式,就可以登录数据库了,可以是普通的数据库,还可以是PDB,当然还可以通过配置TNS登录,
sql user@//server:port/service
登录命令行,输入help,显示所有当前支持的参数,
SQL> help
For help on a topic type help <topic>
List of Help topics available:
/
@
@@
ACCEPT
ALIAS*
APEX*
APPEND
ARCHIVE_LOG
BREAK
BRIDGE*
BTITLE
CD*
CHANGE
CLEAR
COLUMN
COMPUTE
CONNECT
COPY
CTAS*
DDL*
DEFINE
DEL
DESCRIBE
DISCONNECT
EDIT
EXECUTE
EXIT
FIND*
FORMAT*
GET
HISTORY*
HOST
INFORMATION*
INPUT
LIQUIBASE*
LIST
LOAD*
NET*
OERR*
PASSWORD
PAUSE
PRINT
PROMPT
QUIT
REMARK
REPEAT*
RESERVED_WORDS
REST*
RUN
SAVE
SCRIPT*
SET
SETERRORL
SHOW
SHUTDOWN
SODA*
SPOOL
SSHTUNNEL*
START
STARTUP
STORE
TIMING
TNSPING*
TTITLE
UNDEFINE
VARIABLE
VAULT*
WHENEVER
WHICH*
XQUERY
help+参数,可以显示这个参数的帮助提示,
一些常用的功能,
1. SQLcl支持编辑器操作
支持左右箭头,还支持快捷方式,例如Ctrl+W,可以快速到输入内容的第一个字符位置,
Ctrl+W. Go to the top of the buffer.
Ctrl+S. Go to the bottom of the buffer.
Ctrl+A. Go to the start of a line.
Ctrl+E. Go to the end of a line.
2. Tab自动补全
输入语句的时候,可以通过按Tab键来补全语句关键字、table的名字,column的名字等,当有些table当中的column name非常长的时候,这项功能就极为高效。
如下所示,当我按Tab键的时候,自动补全的部分会使用大写来显示。
3. 历史指令检索
SQLcl支持历史指令检索的功能,容量是100个,循环复写,上下箭头操作,可以显示完整的指令,(HISTORY FULL会隔行显示),
HISTORY USAGE,会显示单条语句的执行次数,
HISTORY TIME,会显示单条语句的执行时间,
HISTORY CLEAR,则会清空历史。
4. 查询创建语句
ddl可以显示对象的创建语句,还可以直接存储到文件中,
和通过dbms_metadata打印的基本是一致的,
5. 打印对象信息
info加上对象名称,可以打印出对象的信息,如下所示,打印表t的信息,
info+加上对象名称,还可以打印出列的统计信息,
如果是加上索引对象,则打印出和ddl相同的创建语句,
info还可以打印包的内容信息,
6. sqlformat格式化
通过设置sqlformat,可以设置不同输出的格式,至少支持这些,
default
ansiconsole
csv
insert – lists resuts as an insert statement
loader – pipe-delimited
delimited – same as csv
xml
html
fixed – fixed width
text
json
按照csv输出,
按照json输出,
按照xml输出,
按照html输出,
SQL> set sqlformat html
SQL> select * from t;
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset='UTF-8'>
<title>Responsive Table</title>
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<style>
*
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
body
font: 14px/1.4 Georgia, Serif;
/*
Generic Styling, for Desktops/Laptops
*/
table
width: 100%;
border-collapse: collapse;
/* Zebra striping */
tr:nth-of-type(odd)
background: #eee;
th
background: #333;
color: white;
font-weight: bold;
td, th
padding: 6px;
border: 1px solid #9B9B9B;
text-align: left;
@media
only screen and (max-width: 760px),
(min-device-width: 768px) and (max-device-width: 1024px)
table, thead, tbody, th, td, tr display: block;
thead tr position: absolute;top: -9999px;left: -9999px;
tr border: 1px solid #9B9B9B;
td border: none;border-bottom: 1px solid #9B9B9B; position: relative;padding-left: 50%;
td:before position: absolute;top: 6px;left: 6px;width: 45%; padding-right: 10px; white-space: nowrap;
/*
Label the data
*/
td:nth-of-type(0):before content: "ID";
/* Smartphones (portrait and landscape) ----------- */
@media only screen
and (min-device-width : 320px)
and (max-device-width : 480px)
body
padding: 0;
margin: 0;
width: 320px;
/* iPads (portrait and landscape) ----------- */
@media only screen and (min-device-width: 768px) and (max-device-width: 1024px)
body
width: 495px;
</style>
<!--<![endif]-->
<script type="text/javascript">
function search()
var s = document.getElementById('search').value;
rows = document.getElementById('data').getElementsByTagName('TR');
for(var i=0;i<rows.length;i++)
if ( rows[i].textContent.indexOf(s)>0 || s.length==0 )
rows[i].style.display ='';
else
rows[i].style.display ='none';
var timer;
function delayedSearch()
clearTimeout(timer);
console.log('delay-ing')
timer = setTimeout(function ()
console.log('delay-running')
search();
, 500);
</script>
</head>
<body>
<div><input type="text" size="30" maxlength="1000" value="" id="search" onkeyup="delayedSearch();" /><input type="button" value="Go" onclick="lsearch();"/> </div>
<table><thead><tr> <th>ID</th>
</tr></thead>
<tbody id="data">
<tr>
<td align="right">1</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table><!-- SQL:
select * from t--></body></html>
format buffer还可以对刚输入的语句,进行格式化,
SQLcl功能非常丰富,可以继续探索。
近期更新的文章:
文章分类和索引:
以上是关于介绍一款Oracle的利器小工具-SQLcl的主要内容,如果未能解决你的问题,请参考以下文章