selenium UI自动化实战
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一.前言
1.1项目框架
项目如何使用框架： 本项目采用unitest框架
设计模式是如何应用：本项目采用pageobject设计模式
UI对象库思想
项目设计
一个模块（被测项目的页面）对应一个py文件及一个测试类（测试文件）
每一个测试页面（系统的页面）中存储页面元素及此页面中涉及到的功能
每一个用例组合在一个测试类里面生成一个py文件
项目目标
我们在写自动化测试项目的时候一定要想好你的脚本都要哪些功能，页面元素平凡改动的时候是否需要大批量的修改脚本，及测试不同数据时是否也要修改脚本，那么能想到这些我们的初始目标差不多就有了
- 生成测试用例执行结果报告
2.生成测试用例执行日志
3.用例执行失败或者执行完成后自动发送邮件报告 - 用例执行失败或者成功时截取图片
5.数据驱动（读取测试数据，减少脚本维护成本）
更多资料
1.2项目目录结构
Retail_TestPro
Docs# 存放项目的相关文档
01测试计划
02测试大纲
03测试用例
04测试报告
05测试进度
06技术文档
07测试申请
Package# 存放第三方插件
htmlTestRunner.py
Retail
Config
__init__.py
Conf.py# 读配置文件获取项目跟目录路径 并获取所有欲使用的目录文件的路径
Config.ini# 存放项目跟目录的路径
Data
TestData
__init__.py
elementDate.xlsx# 存放项目中所有的元素信息及测试数据
Email_receiver.txt# 存放邮件的接受者信息
Report# 测试报告
Image
Fail# 存放用例执行失败时的截图
Pass# 存放用例执行成功时的截图
Log# 存放用例执行过程中的log信息
TestReport# 存放测试用例执行完成后生成的测试报告
Test_case# 测试用例信息
Models # 存放一些公共方法
Doconfini.py# 读配置文件
Doexcel.py# 读excel文件
Driver.py# 存放driver
Log.py# 生成log
Myunit.py# 继承unittest.Testcase
Sendmail.py# 发送邮件
Strhandle.py# 字符串处理
Tcinfo.py# 测试用例基本信息
Testreport.py# 测试报告
Page_obj# 测试模块
Activerule_page.py
Base_page.py
Company_page.py
Createrule_page.py
Memberquery_page.py
Modifypw_page.py
Pointquery_page.py
ActiveRuleTc.py
CompanyQueryTc.py
CreateRuleTc.py
LoginTc.py
MemberQueryTc.py
ModifyPwTc.py
PointQueryTc.py
runTc.py# 执行测试用例
代码目录
二.项目代码
1.config.ini (存放项目跟路径)
[project]
project_path = D:\\Petrochina_Retail_Test_Project
2.conf.py
'''
Code description：read config.ini, get path
Create time：
Developer：
'''
import os
import sys
from retail.test_case.models.doconfIni import DoConfIni
# 获取当前路径
currPath= \\
os.path.split(os.path.realpath(__file__))[0]
# 读配置文件获取项目路径
readConfig = \\
DoConfIni()
proPath = \\
readConfig.getConfValue(os.path.join(currPath,'config.ini'),'project','project_path')
# 获取日志路径
logPath= \\
os.path.join(proPath,'retail','report','Log')
# 测试用例路径
tcPath = \\
os.path.join(proPath,'retail','test_case')
# 获取报告路径
reportPath= \\
os.path.join(proPath,'retail','report','TestReport')
# 获取测试数据路径
dataPath= \\
os.path.join(proPath,'retail','data','TestData')
# 保存截图路径
# 错误截图
failImagePath = os.path.join(proPath, 'retail', 'report', 'image','fail')
# 成功截图
passImagePath = os.path.join(proPath, 'retail', 'report', 'image','pass')
# 被调函数名称
funcName = sys._getframe().f_code.co_name
# 被调函数所在行号
funcNo = sys._getframe().f_back.f_lineno
# 被调函数所在文件名称
funcFile= sys._getframe().f_code.co_filename
3.elementData.xlsx(json与yaml替换)
存放测试数据
4.公共方法models下面的文件
4.1doconfini.py
'''
Code description：read conf file
Create time：
Developer：
'''
import logging
import configparser
from retail.config.conf import *
from retail.test_case.models.log import Logger
log = Logger(__name__, CmdLevel=logging.INFO, FileLevel=logging.INFO)
class DoConfIni(object):
def __init__(self):
"""
:param filename:
"""
self.cf = configparser.ConfigParser()
# 从ini文件中读数据
def getConfValue(self,filename,section,name):
"""
:param config:
:param name:
:return:
"""
try:
self.cf.read(filename)
value = self.cf.get(section,name)
except Exception as e:
log.logger.exception('read file [%s] for [%s] failed , did not get the value' %(filename,section))
raise e
else:
log.logger.info('read excel value [%s] successed! ' %value)
return value
# 向ini文件中写数据
def writeConfValue(self,filename, section, name, value):
"""
:param section: section
:param name: value name
:param value: value
:return: none
"""
try:
self.cf.add_section(section)
self.cf.set(section, name, value)
self.cf.write(open(filename, 'w'))
except Exception :
log.logger.exception('section %s has been exist!' %section)
raise configparser.DuplicateSectionError(section)
else:
log.logger.info('write section'+section+'with value '+value+' successed!')
if __name__ == '__main__':
file_path = currPath
print(file_path)
read_config = DoConfIni()
value = read_config.getConfValue(os.path.join(currPath,'config.ini'),'project','project_path')
print(value)
read_config.writeConfValue(os.path.join(currPath,'config.ini'),'tesesection', 'name', 'hello word')
4.2doexcel.py
'''
Code description：read excel.xlsx, get values
Create time：
Developer：
'''
import xlrd
import os
import logging
from retail.config import conf
from retail.test_case.models.log import Logger
log = Logger(__name__, CmdLevel=logging.INFO, FileLevel=logging.INFO)
class ReadExcel(object):
def __init__(self,fileName='elementDate.xlsx',sheetName='elementsInfo'):
"""
:param fileName:
:param sheetName:
"""
try:
self.dataFile = os.path.join(conf.dataPath, fileName)
self.workBook = xlrd.open_workbook(self.dataFile)
self.sheetName = self.workBook.sheet_by_name(sheetName)
except Exception:
log.logger.exception('init class ReadExcel fail', exc_info=True)
raise
else:
log.logger.info('initing class ReadExcel')
# 读excel中的数据
def readExcel(self,rownum,colnum):
"""
:param rownum:
:param colnum:
:return:
"""
try:
value = self.sheetName.cell(rownum,colnum).value
except Exception:
log.logger.exception('read value from excel file fail', exc_info=True)
raise
else:
log.logger.info('reading value [%s] from excel file [%s] completed' %(value, self.dataFile))
return value
if __name__ == '__main__':
cellValue = ReadExcel().readExcel(1,3)
print((cellValue))
4.3log.py
'''
Code description：log info
Create time：
Developer：
'''
import logging
import time
class Logger(object):
def __init__(self, logger, CmdLevel=logging.INFO, FileLevel=logging.INFO):
"""
:param logger:
:param CmdLevel:
:param FileLevel:
"""
self.logger = logging.getLogger(logger)
self.logger.setLevel(logging.DEBUG) # 设置日志输出的默认级别
# 日志输出格式
fmt = logging.Formatter('%(asctime)s - %(filename)s:[%(lineno)s] - [%(levelname)s] - %(message)s')
# 日志文件名称
# self.LogFileName = os.path.join(conf.log_path, "0.log".format(time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d")))# %H_%M_%S
currTime = time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d")
self.LogFileName = r'D:\\Petrochina_Retail_Test_Project\\retail\\report\\Log\\log'+currTime+'.log'
# 设置控制台输出
# sh = logging.StreamHandler()
# sh.setFormatter(fmt)
# sh.setLevel(CmdLevel)# 日志级别
# 设置文件输出
fh = logging.FileHandler(self.LogFileName)
fh.setFormatter(fmt)
fh.setLevel(FileLevel)# 日志级别
# self.logger.addHandler(sh)
self.logger.addHandler(fh)
# def debug(self, message):
# """
#
# :param message:
# :return:
# """
# self.logger.debug(message)
#
# def info(self,message):
# """
#
# :param message:
# :return:
# """
# self.logger.info(message)
#
# def warn(self,message):
# """
#
# :param message:
# :return:
# """
# self.logger.warning(message)
#
# def error(self,message):
# """
#
# :param message:
# :return:
# """
# self.logger.error(message)
#
# def criti(self,message):
# """
#
# :param message:
# :return:
# """
# self.logger.critical(message)
if __name__ == '__main__':
logger = Logger("fox",CmdLevel=logging.DEBUG, FileLevel=logging.DEBUG)
logger.logger.debug("debug")
logger.logger.log(logging.ERROR,'%(module)s %(info)s','module':'log日志','info':'error') #ERROR,log日志 error
4.4sendmail.py
'''
Code description：send email
Create time：
Developer：
'''
import smtplib
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.header import Header
import os
from retail.config import conf
from retail.test_case.models.log import Logger
log = Logger(__name__)
# 邮件发送接口
class SendMail(object):
'''
邮件配置信息
'''
def __init__(self,
receiver,
subject='Retail 系统测试报告',
server='smtp.qq.com',
fromuser='281754043@qq.com',
frompassword='gifhhsbgqyovbhhc',
sender='281754043@qq.com'):
"""
:param receiver:
:param subject:
:param server:
:param fromuser:
:param frompassword:
:param sender:
"""
self._server = server
self._fromuser = fromuser
self._frompassword = frompassword
self._sender = sender
self._receiver = receiver
self._subject = subject
def sendEmail(self, fileName):
"""
:param filename:
:return:
"""
# 打开报告文件读取文件内容
try:
f = open(os.path.join(conf.reportPath, fileName), 'rb')
fileMsg = f.read()
except Exception:
log.logger.exception('open or read file [%s] failed,No such file or directory: %s' %(fileName, conf.reportPath))
log.logger.info('open and read file [%s] successed!' %fileName)
else:
f.close()
# 邮件主题
subject = 'Python test report' #
# 邮件设置
msg = MIMEText(fileMsg, 'html', 'utf-8')
msg['subject'] = Header(subject, 'utf-8')
msg['from'] = self._sender
# 连接服务器，登录服务器，发送邮件
try:
smtp = smtplib.SMTP()
smtp.connect(self._server)
smtp.login(self._fromuser, self._frompassword)
except Exception:
log.logger.exception('connect [%s] server failed or username and password incorrect!' %smtp)
else:
log.logger.info('email server [%s] login success!' %smtp)
try:
smtp.sendmail(self._sender, self._receiver, msg.as_string())
except Exception:
log.logger.exception('send email failed!')
else:
log.logger.info('send email successed!')
# 从文件中读取邮件接收人信息
def getReceiverInfo(fileName):
'''
:param filename: 读取接收邮件人信息
:return: 接收邮件人信息
'''
try:
openFile = open(os.path.join(conf.dataPath, fileName))
except Exception:
log.logger.exception('open or read file [%s] failed,No such file or directory: %s' %(fileName, conf.dataPath))
else:
log.logger.info('open file [%s] successed!' %fileName)
for line in openFile:
msg = [i.strip() for i in line.split(',')]
log.logger.info('reading [%s] and got receiver value is [%s]' %(fileName, msg))
return msg
if __name__ == '__main__':
readMsg=getReceiverInfo('mail_receiver.txt')
sendmail = SendMail(readMsg)
sendmail.sendEmail('2021-04-21 17_44_04.html')
4.5strhandle.py
'''
Code description： string handle
Create time：
Developer：
'''
import logging
from retail.test_case.models.log import Logger
log = Logger(__name__, CmdLevel=logging.INFO, FileLevel=logging.INFO)
def strhandle(str):
"""
:param str:
:return:
"""
#初始化字符、数字、空格、特殊字符的计数
try:
lowerCase = 0
upperCase = 0
number = 0
other = 0
for stritem in str:
#如果在字符串中有小写字母，那么小写字母的数量+1
if stritem.islower():
lowerCase += 1
#如果在字符串中有数字，那么数字的数量+1
elif stritem.isdigit():
number += 1
elif stritem.isupper():# 大写字母
upperCase +=1
#如果在字符串中有空格，那么空格的数量+1
else:
other += 1
return lowerCase, upperCase, number, other
except Exception as e:
log.logger.exception('string handle error , please check!', exc_info=True)
raise e
if __name__=='__main__':
list = ['qwert','erwer']
lowercase, uppercase, number, other = strhandle(list[0])
print ("该字符串中的小写字母有：%d" %lowercase)
print ("该字符串中的大写写字母有：%d" %uppercase)
print ("该字符串中的数字有：%d" %number)
print ("该字符串中的特殊字符有：%d" %other)
4.6testreport.py
'''
Code description：test report
Create time：
Developer：
'''
import time
import logging
import unittest
from BeautifulReport import BeautifulReport
import HTMLTestRunner
from retail.config import conf
from retail.test_case.models.log import Logger
log = Logger(__name__, CmdLevel=logging.INFO, FileLevel=logging.INFO)
# 用HTMLTestRunner 实现的测试报告
def testreport():
"""
:return:
"""
currTime = time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H_%M_%S')
fileName = conf.reportPath + r'\\report' + currTime + '.html'
try:
fp = open(fileName, 'wb')
except Exception :
log.logger.exception('[%s] open error cause Failed to generate test report' %fileName)
else:
runner = HTMLTestRunner.HTMLTestRunner\\
(stream=fp, title='Retail sys测试报告',
description='处理器:Intel(R) Core(TM) '
'i5-6200U CPU @ 2030GHz 2.40 GHz '
'内存:8G 系统类型: 64位 版本: windows 10 家庭中文版')
log.logger.info('successed to generate test report [%s]' %fileName)
return runner, fp, fileName
#
def addTc(TCpath = conf.tcPath, rule = '*TC.py'):
"""
:param TCpath: 测试用例存放路径
:param rule: 匹配的测试用例文件
:return: 测试套件
"""
discover = unittest.defaultTestLoader.discover(TCpath, rule)
return discover
# 用BeautifulReport模块实现测试报告
def runTc(discover):
"""
:param discover: 测试套件
:return:
"""
currTime = time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H_%M_%S')
fileName = currTime+'.html'
try:
result = BeautifulReport(discover)
result.report(filename=fileName, description='测试报告', log_path=conf.reportPath)
except Exception:
log.logger.exception('Failed to generate test report', exc_info=True)
else:
log.logger.info('successed to generate test report [%s]' % fileName)
return fileName
if __name__ == '__main__':
testreport()
suite = addTc(rule = '*TC.py')
runTc(suite)
4.7driver.py
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