nginx反向代理负载均衡

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1.反向代理概述

反向代理（Reverse Proxy）方式是指以代理服务器来接受internet上的连接请求，然后将请求转发给内部网络上的服务器，并将从服务器上得到的结果返回给internet上请求连接的客户端，此时代理服务器对外就表现为一个反向代理服务器。

环境准备:

主机名IP地址角色系统
web-node1.cometh0:192.168.90.201web-node1节点CentOS7.2
web-node2.cometh0:192.168.90.202web-node2节点CentOS7.2
lb-node1.cometh0:192.168.90.203nginx反向代理CentOS7.2

2.Node节点部署

在两台web-node节点中均使用Yum安装一个Apache用于做真实机，监听8080端口

web-node1.com部署

[[email protected] ~]# rpm -ivh http://mirrors.aliyun.com/epel/epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm
[[email protected] ~]# yum install -y gcc glibc gcc-c++ make screen tree lrzsz
##部署web-node1 httpd服务
[[email protected] ~]# yum install -y httpd
[[email protected] ~]# sed -i ‘s/Listen 80/Listen 8080/g‘ /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
[[email protected] ~]# systemctl start httpd
[[email protected] ~]# echo "web-node1.com" > /var/www/html/index.html
[[email protected] ~]# curl  http://192.168.90.201:8080/
web-node1.com

web-node2.com部署

[[email protected] ~]# rpm -ivh http://mirrors.aliyun.com/epel/epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm
[[email protected] ~]# yum install -y gcc glibc gcc-c++ make screen tree lrzsz
##部署web-node2 httpd服务
[[email protected] ~]# yum install -y httpd
[[email protected] ~]# sed -i ‘s/Listen 80/Listen 8080/g‘ /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
[[email protected] ~]# systemctl start httpd
[[email protected] ~]# echo "web-node2.com" > /var/www/html/index.html
[[email protected] ~]# curl  http://192.168.90.202:8080/
web-node2.com

3.反向代理部署

Nginx 源码编译安装，使其支持4层，并监听80端口

  1. [[email protected]-node1 ~]# useradd -s /sbin/nologin -M www

  2. [[email protected]-node1 ~]# cd /usr/local/src/

  3. [[email protected]-node1 src]# wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.10.2.tar.gz

  4. [[email protected]-node1 src]# tar xf nginx-1.10.2.tar.gz

  5. [[email protected]-node1 src]# cd nginx-1.10.2

  6. [[email protected]-node1 nginx-1.10.2]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx-1.10.2 \

  7. --user=www --group=www --with-http_ssl_module \

  8. --with-http_stub_status_module --with-file-aio --with-stream

  9. [[email protected]-node1 nginx-1.10.2]# make && make install

  10. [[email protected]-node1 ~]# ln -s /usr/local/nginx-1.10.2/ /usr/local/nginx

  11. ## 测试配置并启动Nginx

  12. [[email protected]-node1 ~]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t

  13. nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx-1.10.2/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok

  14. nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx-1.10.2/conf/nginx.conf test is successful

  15. [[email protected]-node1 ~]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx

3.1配置Nginx7层反向代理

1.配置Nginx反向代理


  1. ##http段配置

  2.    upstream web-cluster {

  3.        # ip_hash;

  4.        server 192.168.90.201:8080 weight=1 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=3;

  5.        server 192.168.90.202:8080 weight=1 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=3;

  6.    }

  8.    server {

  9.        listen 80;

  10.        server_name 192.168.90.203;

  11.    location / {

  12.        proxy_pass http://web-cluster;

  13.        include proxy.conf;

  14.        }

  16.    }

测试代理

  1. [[email protected]-node1 ~]# curl http://192.168.90.203/

  2. web-node1.com

  3. [[email protected]-node1 ~]# curl http://192.168.90.203/

  4. web-node2.com

  5. [[email protected]-node1 ~]# curl http://192.168.90.203/

  6. web-node1.com

  7. [[email protected]-node1 ~]# curl http://192.168.90.203/

  8. web-node2.com

2.通过分组方式，以及User-agent实现不同代理

  1. #http段配置

  2.         upstream static-cluster {

  3.                server 192.168.90.201:8080 weight=1 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=3;

  4.        }

  5.         upstream dynamic-cluster {

  6.                server 192.168.90.202:8080 weight=1 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=3;

  7.        }

  8.         upstream default-cluster {

  9.                server 192.168.90.202:8080 weight=1 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=3;

  10.        }

  #需要配置本地host解析测试
        server {
                listen 80;
                server_name nginx.jiege.com;
        location / {
        if ($http_user_agent ~* "Firefox"){
                    proxy_pass http://static-cluster;
                    }
        if ($http_user_agent ~* "Chrome") {
            proxy_pass http://dynamic-cluster;
            }
        proxy_pass http://default-cluster;
            }
     }

测试分组

##默认浏览器交给default处理[[email protected] ~]# curl http://nginx.jiege.com
 web-node2.com
 火狐浏览器交给static-cluster处理
 谷歌浏览器交给dynamic-cluster处理
 

 
 配置ssh以及msql反向代理
stream {
        upstream ssh_proxy {
        hash $remote_addr consistent;
        server 192.168.90.201:22;
    }
        upstream mysql_proxy {
        hash $remote_addr consistent;
        server 192.168.90.202:3306;
        }
    server {
    listen 2222;
    proxy_connect_timeout 1s;
        proxy_timeout 300s;
        proxy_pass ssh_proxy;
    }
    server {
    listen 3333;
    proxy_connect_timeout 1s;
        proxy_timeout 300s;
        proxy_pass mysql_proxy;
        }
  }

2222端口代理至于node1的SSH、3333端口代理至于node2的MYSQL

  1. ## 测试连接ssh

  2. [[email protected]-node1 ~]# ssh -p2222 [email protected].168.90.203

  3. [email protected].168.90.203‘s password:

  4. Last login: Wed Oct 19 11:53:04 2016 from 192.168.80.143

  5. [[email protected] ~]#

  7. ## 测试连接mysql

  8. [[email protected] ~]# mysql -h192.168.90.203 -uroot -p1 -P3333

  9. Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.

  10. Your MariaDB connection id is 273

  11. Server version: 5.5.47-MariaDB MariaDB Server

  13. Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.

  15. Type ‘help;‘ or ‘\h‘ for help. Type ‘\c‘ to clear the current input statement.

  17. MariaDB [(none)]>


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