设计模式 行为型模式 实例 -- 备忘录模式实例：游戏备忘录

Posted 2021-12-18 CodeJiao

01：设计模式 行为型模式 – 备忘录模式（定义、结构、优缺点 适用场景分析）
02：设计模式 行为型模式 – 备忘录模式 具体实例：游戏挑战BOSS
03：设计模式 行为型模式 实例 – 备忘录模式实例

1. 备忘录模式实例

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1.1 需求：

玩孤胆枪手游戏时，主角有“武器”，“生命值”，“技能值”,
“防护值”等属性并即时显示，游戏“有当前进度值”,
玩家在游戏时随时可以保存游戏进度及从以前进度回复,
请用备忘录模式模拟这一过程。

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1.2 类图分析:

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1.3 代码实现：

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1.3.1 GameRole

package ex09.memorandum;

/**
 * ClassName: GameRole
 * Description: 游戏角色类：发起人角色一个的属性
 *
 * @author Tianjiao
 * @date 2021/11/22 17:04
 */
public class GameRole 
    // “武器”
    private String weapon;
    // “生命值”
    private int lifeValue;
    // “技能值”
    private int skillValue;
    // “防护值”
    private int protectionValue;

    public GameRole(String weapon, int lifeValue, int skillValue, int protectionValue) 
        this.weapon = weapon;
        this.lifeValue = lifeValue;
        this.skillValue = skillValue;
        this.protectionValue = protectionValue;
    

    public String getWeapon() 
        return weapon;
    

    public void setWeapon(String weapon) 
        this.weapon = weapon;
    

    public int getLifeValue() 
        return lifeValue;
    

    public void setLifeValue(int lifeValue) 
        this.lifeValue = lifeValue;
    

    public int getSkillValue() 
        return skillValue;
    

    public void setSkillValue(int skillValue) 
        this.skillValue = skillValue;
    

    public int getProtectionValue() 
        return protectionValue;
    

    public void setProtectionValue(int protectionValue) 
        this.protectionValue = protectionValue;
    

    @Override
    public String toString() 
        return "[" +
                "weapon='" + weapon + '\\'' +
                ", lifeValue=" + lifeValue +
                ", skillValue=" + skillValue +
                ", protectionValue=" + protectionValue +
                ']';
    

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1.3.2 Game：发起人角色

package ex09.memorandum;

/**
 * ClassName: Game
 * Description: 游戏类：发起人角色
 *
 * @author Tianjiao
 * @date 2021/11/22 17:15
 */
public class Game 
    // 游戏进度
    private String gameProgress;
    // 游戏角色
    private GameRole gameRole;

    public Game(String gameProgress, GameRole gameRole) 
        this.gameProgress = gameProgress;
        this.gameRole = gameRole;
    

    public Game saveState() 
        return this;
    

    public void recoverState(Game roleStateMemento) 
        this.gameProgress = roleStateMemento.getGameProgress();
        this.gameRole.setWeapon(roleStateMemento.getGameRole().getWeapon());
        this.gameRole.setLifeValue(roleStateMemento.getGameRole().getLifeValue());
        this.gameRole.setProtectionValue(roleStateMemento.getGameRole().getProtectionValue());
        this.gameRole.setSkillValue(roleStateMemento.getGameRole().getSkillValue());
    

    //恢复角色状态

    public String getGameProgress() 
        return gameProgress;
    

    public void setGameProgress(String gameProgress) 
        this.gameProgress = gameProgress;
    

    public GameRole getGameRole() 
        return gameRole;
    

    public void setGameRole(GameRole gameRole) 
        this.gameRole = gameRole;
    

    @Override
    public String toString() 
        return "[" +
                "gameProgress='" + gameProgress + '\\'' +
                ", gameRole=" + gameRole.toString() +
                ']';
    

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1.3.3 GameMemento ：游戏备忘录角色

package ex09.memorandum;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

/**
 * ClassName: GameMemento
 * Description: 游戏备忘录角色：可以记录游戏的进度和对象的游戏角色状态
 *
 * @author Tianjiao
 * @date 2021/11/22 17:18
 */
public class GameMemento 
    private static final Map<String, GameRole> gameVersionMap = new HashMap();

    public void addVersionState(String gameProgress, GameRole gameRole) 
        GameRole role = new GameRole(gameRole.getWeapon(), gameRole.getLifeValue(), gameRole.getSkillValue(), gameRole.getProtectionValue());
        gameVersionMap.put(gameProgress, role);
    

    public void deleteVersionState(String gameProgress) 
        gameVersionMap.remove(gameProgress);
    

    public GameRole getVersionState(String gameProgress) 
        return gameVersionMap.get(gameProgress);
    

    public void showVersions() 
        if (gameVersionMap.size() != 0) 
            for (Map.Entry<String, GameRole> entry : gameVersionMap.entrySet()) 
                System.out.print("" + entry.getKey() + " : " + entry.getValue().toString() + "\\n");
            
         else 
            System.out.println("对不起, 没有历史版本信息.");
        
    

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1.3.4 GameCaretaker：管理者角色

package ex09.memorandum;

/**
 * ClassName: GameCaretaker
 * Description: 管理者角色：对备忘录进行管理, 提供保存于获取备忘录的功能
 *
 * @author Tianjiao
 * @date 2021/11/22 17:19
 */
public class GameCaretaker 
    private final GameMemento gameMemento;

    public GameCaretaker(GameMemento gameMemento) 
        this.gameMemento = gameMemento;
    

    public void saveGameState(Game game) 
        this.gameMemento.addVersionState(game.getGameProgress(), game.getGameRole());
    

    public Game getGameState(String gameProgress) 
        return new Game(gameProgress, this.gameMemento.getVersionState(gameProgress));
    

    public void deleteGameState(String gameProgress) 
        this.gameMemento.deleteVersionState(gameProgress);
    

    public void showVersions() 
        this.gameMemento.showVersions();
    

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1.3.5 Client：客户端类

package ex09.memorandum;

/**
 * ClassName: Client
 * Description: 客户端类：测试类
 *
 * @author Tianjiao
 * @date 2021/11/22 19:51
 */
public class Client 
    public static void main(String[] args) 
        // 创建游戏对象
        GameRole gameRole = new GameRole("废铁刀", 100, 100, 100);
        Game game = new Game("0.00%", gameRole);
        // 创建管理者对象
        GameCaretaker gameCaretaker = new GameCaretaker(new GameMemento());
        // 1. 存储初始状态
        gameCaretaker.saveGameState(game);

        // 2. 第一次改变游戏状态
        game.setGameProgress("27%");
        gameRole.setWeapon("白银刀");
        gameRole.setLifeValue(90);
        gameRole.setSkillValue(90);
        gameRole.setProtectionValue(90);

        // 3. 存储第一次改变的状态
        gameCaretaker.saveGameState(game);

        // 4. 第二次改变游戏状态
        game.setGameProgress("50%");
        gameRole.setWeapon("黄金刀");
        gameRole.setLifeValue(68);
        gameRole.setSkillValue(68);
        gameRole.setProtectionValue(68);

        // 5. 存储第二次改变的状态
        gameCaretaker.saveGameState(game);

        // 6. 第三次改变状态
        game.setGameProgress("63%");
        gameRole.setWeapon("铂金刀");
        gameRole.setLifeValue(56);
        gameRole.setSkillValue(56);
        gameRole.setProtectionValue(56);

        // 7. 存储第三次改变游戏的状态
        gameCaretaker.saveGameState(game);

        // 打印当前的游戏状态
        System.out.println("当前的游戏状态为：");
        System.out.println(game.toString() + "\\n");

        // 打印游戏版本信息
        System.out.println("历代的游戏版本信息为：");
        gameCaretaker.showVersions();

        // 回到游戏进度为27%的版本
        game.recoverState(gameCaretaker.getGameState("27%"));

        // 打印当前的游戏状态
        System.out.println("\\n当前的游戏状态为：");
        System.out.println(game.toString() + "\\n");

        // 回到游戏进度为63%的版本
        game.recoverState(gameCaretaker.getGameState("63%"));
        // 打印当前的游戏状态
        System.out.println("当前的游戏状态为：");
        System.out.println(game.toString() + "\\n");
    

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1.3.6 运行结果：

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