用Java实现图书管理系统(类,抽象类,封装,继承,多态,接口,顺序表)
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我们实现的主要内容就是对图书的增删改查,分为了管理员用户和普通的用户,分别对他们进行操作。
流程图如下:
目录
创建图书相关的类
既然是面向对象进行操作的,那么我们就分成几块在分别进行操作就行了
创一个book包,里面放书相关的东西
先创一个Book类,里面放书相关的东西,创建 Book 类, 表示一本书
创建 BookList 类, 用来保存 N 本书.
Book类
public class Book
private String name; //书的名字
private String author;//作者
private int price;//价格
private String type;//类型
private boolean isBorrowed;//是否被借出
接下来就是封装
public class Book
private String name;
private String author;
private int price;
private String type;
private boolean isBorrowed;
public Book(String name, String author, int price, String type)
this.name = name;
this.author = author;
this.price = price;
this.type = type;
public String getName()
return name;
public void setName(String name)
this.name = name;
public String getAuthor()
return author;
public void setAuthor(String author)
this.author = author;
public int getPrice()
return price;
public void setPrice(int price)
this.price = price;
public String getType()
return type;
public void setType(String type)
this.type = type;
public boolean isBorrowed()
return isBorrowed;
public void setBorrowed(boolean borrowed)
isBorrowed = borrowed;
@Override
public String toString()
return "Book" +
"name='" + name + '\\'' +
", author='" + author + '\\'' +
", price=" + price +
", type='" + type + '\\'' +
((isBorrowed == true) ? " 已经被借出" : " 未被借出")+
'';
快捷键:点右键,然后
BookList类
public class BookList
private Book[] books = new Book[10]; //存放书的数组
private int usedSize;//放了多少本书
public BookList() //放一些初始值
books[0] = new Book("三国演义","罗贯中",17,"小说");
books[1] = new Book("西游记","吴承恩",47,"小说");
books[2] = new Book("水浒传","施耐庵",37,"小说");
books[3] = new Book("红楼梦","曹雪芹",35,"小说");
this.usedSize = 4;
public int getUsedSize()
return usedSize;
public void setUsedSize(int usedSize)
this.usedSize = usedSize;
public Book getPos(int pos) //获取pos位置的一本书
if(pos < 0 || pos >getUsedSize())
System.out.println("位置不合法!");
return null;
return books[pos];
public void setBooks(int pos,Book book) //设置pos下标为一本书
if(pos < 0 || pos > getUsedSize())
return;
books[pos] = book;
创建操作相关的类
首先创个包operation里面放相关操作的类
这里我把每个操作该实现的内容先展示出来,更直观的去感受他。
IOperation接口
用接口的目的是因为后续的增删查改都要用到这种方法,对后面的管理员和普通用户分开调用要帮助。
public interface IOperation
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
public void work(BookList bookList);
AddOperation 新增图书
public class AddOperation implements IOperation
public void work(BookList bookList) //对n本书进行操作的方法
System.out.println("新增图书!");
System.out.println("请输入你要新增图书的名字: ");
String name = scanner.nextLine();
System.out.println("请输入作者: ");
String author = scanner.nextLine();
System.out.println("请输入类型: ");
String type = scanner.nextLine();
System.out.println("请输入价格: ");
int price = scanner.nextInt();
Book book = new Book(name,author,price,type); //创建一本书这个对象
int size = bookList.getUsedSize(); //有多少本书
bookList.setBooks(size,book); //在数组末尾位置添加这本书(我们这里添加就默认从最后位置添加)
bookList.setUsedSize(size + 1); //书加一
System.out.println("新增图书成功!");
实现如下:
DelOperation 删除图书
public class DelOperation implements IOperation
public void work(BookList bookList)
System.out.println("删除图书!");
//1、根据书名找到书的位置 index
System.out.println("请输入你要删除图书的名字: ");
String name = scanner.nextLine();
int currentSize = bookList.getUsedSize();
int index = 0;//存储找到的下标
int i = 0;
for (; i < currentSize; i++)
Book book = bookList.getPos(i); //得到i下标的书
if(book.getName().equals(name)) //是要删的书(这里用了equal这个函数,他就是判断值是否相同,不考虑地址)
index = i;
break;
if(currentSize <= i)
System.out.println("没有你要删除的这本书!");
return;
//2、进行删除
for (int j = index;j < currentSize - 1;j++)
Book book = bookList.getPos(j + 1); //后面的书往前挪
bookList.setBooks(j,book);
bookList.setBooks(currentSize,null);
bookList.setUsedSize(currentSize - 1);
System.out.println("删除成功!");
实现如下:
FindOperation 查找图书
public class FindOperation implements IOperation
public void work(BookList bookList)
System.out.println("查找图书!");
System.out.println("请输入你要查找图书的名字: ");
String name = scanner.nextLine();
int size = bookList.getUsedSize();
int i = 0;
for(;i < size;i++)
Book book = bookList.getPos(i);
if(name.equals(book.getName()))
System.out.println("找到了这本书,信息如下: ");
System.out.println(book);
return;
System.out.println("没有你要找的这本书!");
实现如下:
DisplayOperation 显示图书
public class DisplayOperation implements IOperation
public void work(BookList bookList)
System.out.println("显示图书!");
int size = bookList.getUsedSize();
for (int i = 0; i < size; i++)
Book book = bookList.getPos(i);
System.out.println(book);
BorrowOperation 借阅图书
public class BorrowOperation implements IOperation
public void work(BookList bookList)
System.out.println("借阅图书!");
System.out.println("请输入你要借阅的图书名字: ");
String name = scanner.nextLine();
int size = bookList.getUsedSize();
int i = 0;
for(;i < size;i++)
Book book = bookList.getPos(i);
if(name.equals(book.getName()))
System.out.println("你要借书的信息如下: ");
System.out.println(book);
book.setBorrowed(true);
System.out.println("借阅成功!");
System.out.println(book);
return;
System.out.println("没有你要借的书!");
实现如下:
ReturnOperation 归还图书
public class ReturnOperation implements IOperation
public void work(BookList bookList)
System.out.println("归还图书!");
System.out.println("请输入你要归还图书的名字: ");
String name = scanner.nextLine();
int i = 0;
int size = bookList.getUsedSize();
for(;i < size;i++)
Book book = bookList.getPos(i);
if(name.equals(book.getName()))
book.setBorrowed(false);
System.out.println("归还成功!");
System.out.println(book);
return;
System.out.println("没有你要归还的书!");
实现如下:
ExitOperation 退出系统
public class ExitOperation implements IOperation
public void work(BookList bookList)
System.out.println("退出系统!");
System.exit(0);
实现如下:
创建用户相关的类
先创建 package user
创建 User 类, 这是一个抽象类,创建普通用户类, 是 User 的子类,创建管理员用户类
User父类
public abstract class User
protected String name;
protected IOperation[] iOperations; //创建接口数组未实例化
public User(String name)
this.name = name;
public abstract int menu(); //抽象菜单方法(这里因为父类不需要对他进行实例化,所以用抽象更好一点)
public void doWork(int choice, BookList bookList) //对进行哪种操作的选择
iOperations[choice].work(bookList); //调用你选择的操作
AdminUser子类
public class AdminUser extends User
public AdminUser(String name)
super(name);
this.iOperations = new IOperation[] //创建接口数组实例化(继承父类的方法)
new ExitOperation(),
new FindOperation(),
new AddOperation(),
new DelOperation(),
new DisplayOperation()
;
public int menu()
System.out.println("================管理员菜单==================");
System.out.println("hello "+this.name+" 欢迎回来!");
System.out.println("1.查找图书:");
System.out.println("2.新增图书:"以上是关于用Java实现图书管理系统(类,抽象类,封装,继承,多态,接口,顺序表)的主要内容,如果未能解决你的问题,请参考以下文章