第24章 零基础学MySQL 章节练习题
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建表语句
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CREATE TABLE `emp` (
`empno` mediumint(8) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
`ename` varchar(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
`job` varchar(9) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
`mgr` mediumint(8) unsigned DEFAULT NULL,
`hiredate` date NOT NULL,
`sal` decimal(7,2) NOT NULL,
`comm` decimal(7,2) DEFAULT NULL,
`deptno` mediumint(8) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0'
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4;
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INSERT INTO `emp` VALUES (7369,'SMITH','CLERK',7902,'1990-12-17',800.00,NULL,20),(7499,'ALLEN','SALESMAN',7698,'1991-02-20',1600.00,300.00,30),(7521,'WARD','SALESMAN',7698,'1991-02-22',1250.00,500.00,30),(7566,'JONES','MANAGER',7839,'1991-04-02',2975.00,NULL,20),(7654,'MARTIN','SALESMAN',7698,'1991-09-28',1250.00,1400.00,30),(7698,'BLAKE','MANAGER',7839,'1991-05-01',2850.00,NULL,30),(7782,'CLARK','MANAGER',7839,'1991-06-09',2450.00,NULL,10),(7788,'SCOTT','ANALYST',7566,'1997-04-19',3000.00,NULL,20),(7839,'KING','PRESIDENT',NULL,'1991-11-17',5000.00,NULL,10),(7844,'TURNER','SALESMAN',7698,'1991-09-08',1500.00,NULL,30),(7900,'JAMES','CLERK',7698,'1991-12-03',950.00,NULL,30),(7902,'FORD','ANALYST',7566,'1991-12-03',3000.00,NULL,20),(7934,'MILLER','CLERK',7782,'1992-01-23',1300.00,NULL,10);
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CREATE TABLE `salgrade` (
`grade` mediumint(8) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
`losal` decimal(17,2) NOT NULL,
`hisal` decimal(17,2) NOT NULL
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INSERT INTO `salgrade` VALUES (1,700.00,1200.00),(2,1201.00,1400.00),(3,1401.00,2000.00),(4,2001.00,3000.00),(5,3001.00,9999.00);
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CREATE TABLE `dept` (
`deptno` mediumint(8) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
`dname` varchar(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
`loc` varchar(13) NOT NULL DEFAULT ''
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4;
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INSERT INTO `dept` VALUES (10,'ACCOUNTING','NEW YORK'),(20,'RESEARCH','DALLAS'),(30,'SALES','CHICAGO'),(40,'OPERATIONS','BOSTON');
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-- Dump completed on 2021-11-07 19:12:42
章节作业2
-- 2.1 查看dept表和emp表的结构
DESC emp
DESC dept
-- 2.2 显示所有部门名称
SELECT dname FROM dept
-- 2.3 显示所有雇员名及其全年收入13月（工资+补助），并指定列别名“年收入”
SELECT ename,(sal+IF(comm IS NULL,0.0,comm))*13 AS '年收入' FROM emp
-- 2.4 显示工资超过2850的雇员姓名和工资
SELECT ename,sal FROM emp WHERE sal > 2850
-- 2.5 显示工资不在1500~2850之间的所有雇员名及工资
SELECT ename,sal FROM emp WHERE sal NOT BETWEEN 1500 AND 2850
-- 2.6 显示编号为7566的雇员姓名及所在部门编号
SELECT ename,dname FROM emp,dept WHERE empno = 7566 AND emp.deptno = dept.deptno
-- 2.7 显示部门为10和30中员工工资超过1500的雇员名及工资
SELECT ename,sal FROM emp WHERE sal > 1500 AND deptno IN(10,30)
-- 2.8 显示无管理者的雇员名及工资
SELECT ename,job FROM emp WHERE mgr IS NULL
-- 2.9 显示在1991-2-1到1991-5-1之间雇用的雇员名，岗位及雇佣日期，并以雇佣日期进行排序
SELECT ename,job,hiredate FROM emp WHERE hiredate >= '1991-2-1' AND hiredate <= '1991-5-1' ORDER BY hiredate
-- 显示获得补助的所有雇员名、工资及补助，并以工资降序排序
SELECT ename,sal,comm FROM emp WHERE comm IS NOT NULL ORDER BY sal DESC
章节作业3
-- 3.1 选择部门30中的所有员工
SELECT ename FROM emp WHERE deptno = 30
-- 3.2 列出所有办事员(CLERK)的姓名、编号及部门编号
SELECT ename,empno,deptno FROM emp WHERE job='CLERK'
-- 3.3 找出雇佣金高于薪金的员工
SELECT * FROM emp WHERE IFNULL(comm,0.0)>sal
-- 3.4 找出佣金高于薪金60%的员工
SELECT * FROM emp WHERE IFNULL(comm,0.0) > sal*0.6
-- 3.5 找出部门10中所有的经理（MANAGER）和部门20中所有的办事员（CLERK）的详细资料
SELECT * FROM emp WHERE (deptno=10 AND job='MANAGER') OR (deptno=20 AND job='CLERK')
-- 3.6 找出部门10中所有经理，部门20中所有办事员，还有既不是经理也不是办事员但其佣金大于或等于2000的所有员工的详细资料
SELECT * FROM emp WHERE (deptno=30 AND job='MANAGER') OR (deptno=20 AND job='CLERK') OR (job NOT IN('MANAGER','CLERK') AND sal >= 2000)
-- 3.7 找出有奖金的员工的工作类型
SELECT DISTINCT job FROM emp WHERE comm IS NOT NULL
-- 3.8 找出没有奖金或奖金金额小于100的员工的雇员名
SELECT ename FROM emp WHERE comm IS NULL OR (comm IS NOT NULL AND comm < 100)
-- 3.9 找出各月倒数第3天受雇的员工
SELECT * FROM emp WHERE DATE_SUB(LAST_DAY(hiredate),INTERVAL 2 DAY)=hiredate
-- 3.10 找出早于12年前受雇的员工
SELECT * FROM emp WHERE hiredate < DATE_SUB(NOW(),INTERVAL 12 YEAR)
-- 3.11 以首字母小写的方式显示所有员工的姓名
SELECT CONCAT(LCASE(LEFT(ename,1)),SUBSTRING(ename,2)) FROM emp
-- 3.12 显示正好为5个字符的员工的姓名
SELECT ename FROM emp WHERE LENGTH(ename)=5
章节作业4
-- 4.1 显示不带'R'字母的员工的姓名
SELECT ename FROM emp WHERE INSTR(ename,'R')=0
-- 4.2 显示所有员工姓名的前三个字符
SELECT SUBSTRING(ename,1,3) FROM emp
-- 4.3 显示所有员工的姓名，用a替换所有的A
SELECT REPLACE(ename,'A','a') FROM emp
-- 4.4 显示满10年服务年限的员工的姓名和受雇日期
SELECT ename,hiredate FROM emp WHERE DATE_SUB(NOW(),INTERVAL 10 YEAR)>hiredate
-- 4.5 显示员工的详细资料，按姓名排序
SELECT * FROM emp ORDER BY ename
-- 4.6 显示员工的姓名和受雇日期，根据其服务年限，将最老的员工排在最前面
SELECT ename,hiredate FROM emp ORDER BY hiredate
-- 4.7 显示所有员工的姓名、工作和薪金，按工作降序排序，若工作相同则按薪金排序
SELECT ename,job,sal FROM emp ORDER BY job,sal
-- 4.8 显示所有员工的姓名，加入公司的年份和月份，按受雇日期所在月排序，若月份相同则将按年份升序排序
SELECT ename,YEAR(hiredate) AS `year`,MONTH(hiredate) AS `month` FROM emp ORDER BY `month`,`year`
-- 4.9 显示一个月为30天的员工的日薪金，单位为元
SELECT ename,FLOOR(sal/30) AS day_pay FROM emp WHERE DAY(LAST_DAY(hiredate))=30
-- 4.10 找出所有年份中2月受聘的员工
SELECT ename FROM emp WHERE MONTH(hiredate)=2
-- 4.11 显示每个员工加入公司的天数，按天数降序排列
SELECT ename,DATEDIFF(NOW(),hiredate) AS days FROM emp ORDER BY days DESC
-- 4.12 显示员工姓名中含有A的所有员工的姓名
SELECT ename FROM emp WHERE ename LIKE '%A%'
-- 4.13 以年月日的方式显示所有员工的服务年限
SELECT ename, FROM_DAYS(DATEDIFF(NOW(),hiredate)) AS service_time FROM emp
章节作业5
-- 5.1 列出至少有一个员工的部门
SELECT deptno,dname FROM dept WHERE deptno IN (SELECT DISTINCT deptno FROM emp)
-- 5.2 列出薪金比 "SMITH" 高的员工
SELECT ename,sal FROM emp WHERE sal > (SELECT sal FROM emp WHERE ename='SMITH')
-- 5.3 列出受雇日期晚于其直接上级的所有员工
SELECT emp1.ename AS 'employee',emp2.ename AS 'leader' FROM emp emp1,emp emp2 WHERE emp1.mgr=emp2.empno AND emp1.hiredate > emp2.hiredate
-- 5.4 列出部门名称和这些部门的员工信息，同时列出那些没有员工的部门
SELECT emp.*,dname FROM emp RIGHT JOIN dept ON dept.deptno=emp.deptno ORDER BY dname
-- 5.5 列出所有办事员（CLERK）的姓名及其部门名称
SELECT ename,dname FROM emp,dept WHERE emp.job='CLERK' AND dept.deptno=emp.deptno
-- 5.6 列出最低薪金大于1500的各种工作
SELECT DISTINCT job FROM emp WHERE emp.sal > 1500
-- 5.7 列出在销售部门（SALES）工作的员工的姓名
SELECT ename FROM emp,dept WHERE emp.deptno=dept.deptno AND dname='SALES'
-- 5.8 列出薪金高于公司平均薪金的员工姓名
SELECT ename FROM emp WHERE sal > (SELECT AVG(sal) FROM emp)
章节作业6
-- 6.1 列出与 “SCOTT” 工作相同的所有员工
SELECT ename FROM emp WHERE job = (SELECT job FROM emp WHERE ename = 'SCOTT') AND ename != 'SCOTT'
-- 6.2 列出薪金高于30号部门最高工资的其它部门的员工姓名和薪金
SELECT ename,sal FROM emp WHERE sal > (SELECT MAX(sal) FROM emp WHERE deptno = 30) AND deptno != 30
-- 6.3 列出每个部门的员工数量，平均工资和员工平均服务天数
SELECT COUNT(empno) AS numbers_of_dept, AVG(sal) AS avg_sal ,AVG(DATEDIFF(NOW(),hiredate)) AS avg_days FROM emp GROUP BY deptno
-- 6.4 列出所有员工的姓名，部门名称及工资
SELECT ename,dname,sal FROM emp,dept WHERE emp.deptno = dept.deptno
-- 6.5 列出所有部门的详细信息和部门人数
SELECT dept.*,temp.cnt_emp FROM dept,(SELECT COUNT(empno) AS cnt_emp,deptno FROM emp GROUP BY deptno) AS temp WHERE dept.deptno = temp.deptno
-- 6.6 列出各种工作的最低工资
SELECT MIN(sal) AS min_sal, job FROM emp GROUP BY job
-- 6.7 列出经理（MANAGER）的最低薪金
SELECT MIN(sal) AS min_sal_manager FROM emp WHERE job = 'MANAGER'
-- 6.8 列出所有员工的年薪，按年薪多少升序排列
SELECT ename, (sal*12 + IFNULL(comm,0)) AS year_sal FROM emp ORDER BY year_sal
章节作业7、8
- 设学校环境如下：一个系有若干个专业，每个专业一年只招一个班，每个班有若干个学生。现要建立关于系、班级、学生的数据库，数据库名为stu_db。关系模式如下：
dept(系)：deptid(系号)，deptname(系名)
class(班)：classid(班号)，subject(专业),deptname(所在系),enrolltime(入学年份),num(人数)
student(学生)：sudid(学号),stuname(姓名),stuage(年龄),classid(班级)
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