Arduino ESP32 通过getString方法获取网络时间和气象数据

Posted 2021-11-21 perseverance52

Arduino ESP32-通过getString方法获取网络时间和气象数据

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• 国家气象数据API接口：http://www.weather.com.cn/data/sk/101010100.html
• 全国城市代码：

全国各城市代码如下：

北京:101010100朝阳:101010300顺义:101010400怀柔:101010500通州:101010600昌平:101010700延庆:101010800丰台:101010900石景山:101011000大兴:101011100房山:101011200密云:101011300门头沟:101011400平谷:101011500八达岭:101011600佛爷顶:101011700汤河口:101011800密云上甸子:101011900斋堂:101012000霞云岭:101012100北京城区:101012200海淀:101010200天津:101030100宝坻:101030300东丽:101030400西青:101030500北辰:101030600蓟县:101031400汉沽:101030800静海:101030900津南:101031000塘沽:101031100大港:101031200武清:101030200宁河:101030700上海:101020100宝山:101020300嘉定:101020500南汇:101020600浦东:101021300青浦:101020800松江:101020900奉贤:101021000崇明:101021100徐家汇:101021200闵行:101020200金山:101020700石家庄:101090101张家口:101090301承德:101090402唐山:101090501秦皇岛:101091101沧州:101090701衡水:101090801邢台:101090901邯郸:101091001保定:101090201廊坊:101090601郑州:101180101新乡:101180301许昌:101180401平顶山:101180501信阳:101180601南阳:101180701开封:101180801洛阳:101180901商丘:101181001焦作:101181101鹤壁:101181201濮阳:101181301周口:101181401漯河:101181501驻马店:101181601三门峡:101181701济源:101181801安阳:101180201合肥:101220101芜湖:101220301淮南:101220401马鞍山:101220501安庆:101220601宿州:101220701阜阳:101220801亳州:101220901黄山:101221001滁州:101221101淮北:101221201铜陵:101221301宣城:101221401六安:101221501巢湖:101221601池州:101221701蚌埠:101220201杭州:101210101舟山:101211101湖州:101210201嘉兴:101210301金华:101210901绍兴:101210501台州:101210601温州:101210701丽水:101210801衢州:101211001宁波:101210401重庆:101040100合川:101040300南川:101040400江津:101040500万盛:101040600渝北:101040700北碚:101040800巴南:101040900长寿:101041000黔江:101041100万州天城:101041200万州龙宝:101041300涪陵:101041400开县:101041500城口:101041600云阳:101041700巫溪:101041800奉节:101041900巫山:101042000潼南:101042100垫江:101042200梁平:101042300忠县:101042400石柱:101042500大足:101042600荣昌:101042700铜梁:101042800璧山:101042900丰都:101043000武隆:101043100彭水:101043200綦江:101043300酉阳:101043400秀山:101043600沙坪坝:101043700永川:101040200福州:101230101泉州:101230501漳州:101230601龙岩:101230701晋江:101230509南平:101230901厦门:101230201宁德:101230301莆田:101230401三明:101230801兰州:101160101平凉:101160301庆阳:101160401武威:101160501金昌:101160601嘉峪关:101161401酒泉:101160801天水:101160901武都:101161001临夏:101161101合作:101161201白银:101161301定西:101160201张掖:101160701广州:101280101惠州:101280301梅州:101280401汕头:101280501深圳:101280601珠海:101280701佛山:101280800肇庆:101280901湛江:101281001江门:101281101河源:101281201清远:101281301云浮:101281401潮州:101281501东莞:101281601中山:101281701阳江:101281801揭阳:101281901茂名:101282001汕尾:101282101韶关:101280201南宁:101300101柳州:101300301来宾:101300401桂林:101300501梧州:101300601防城港:101301401贵港:101300801玉林:101300901百色:101301001钦州:101301101河池:101301201北海:101301301崇左:101300201贺州:101300701贵阳:101260101安顺:101260301都匀:101260401兴义:101260906铜仁:101260601毕节:101260701六盘水:101260801遵义:101260201凯里:101260501昆明:101290101红河:101290301文山:101290601玉溪:101290701楚雄:101290801普洱:101290901昭通:101291001临沧:101291101怒江:101291201香格里拉:101291301丽江:101291401德宏:101291501景洪:101291601大理:101290201曲靖:101290401保山:101290501呼和浩特:101080101乌海:101080301集宁:101080401通辽:101080501阿拉善左旗:101081201鄂尔多斯:101080701临河:101080801锡林浩特:101080901呼伦贝尔:101081000乌兰浩特:101081101包头:101080201赤峰:101080601南昌:101240101上饶:101240301抚州:101240401宜春:101240501鹰潭:101241101赣州:101240701景德镇:101240801萍乡:101240901新余:101241001九江:101240201吉安:101240601武汉:101200101黄冈:101200501荆州:101200801宜昌:101200901恩施:101201001十堰:101201101神农架:101201201随州:101201301荆门:101201401天门:101201501仙桃:101201601潜江:101201701襄樊:101200201鄂州:101200301孝感:101200401黄石:101200601咸宁:101200701成都:101270101自贡:101270301绵阳:101270401南充:101270501达州:101270601遂宁:101270701广安:101270801巴中:101270901泸州:101271001宜宾:101271101内江:101271201资阳:101271301乐山:101271401眉山:101271501凉山:101271601雅安:101271701甘孜:101271801阿坝:101271901德阳:101272001广元:101272101攀枝花:101270201银川:101170101中卫:101170501固原:101170401石嘴山:101170201吴忠:101170301西宁:101150101黄南:101150301海北:101150801果洛:101150501玉树:101150601海西:101150701海东:101150201海南:101150401济南:101120101潍坊:101120601临沂:101120901菏泽:101121001滨州:101121101东营:101121201威海:101121301枣庄:101121401日照:101121501莱芜:101121601聊城:101121701青岛:101120201淄博:101120301德州:101120401烟台:101120501济宁:101120701泰安:101120801西安:101110101延安:101110300榆林:101110401铜川:101111001商洛:101110601安康:101110701汉中:101110801宝鸡:101110901咸阳:101110200渭南:101110501太原:101100101临汾:101100701运城:101100801朔州:101100901忻州:101101001长治:101100501大同:101100201阳泉:101100301晋中:101100401晋城:101100601吕梁:101101100乌鲁木齐:101130101石河子:101130301昌吉:101130401吐鲁番:101130501库尔勒:101130601阿拉尔:101130701阿克苏:101130801喀什:101130901伊宁:101131001塔城:101131101哈密:101131201和田:101131301阿勒泰:101131401阿图什:101131501博乐:101131601克拉玛依:101130201拉萨:101140101山南:101140301阿里:101140701昌都:101140501那曲:101140601日喀则:101140201林芝:101140401台北县:101340101高雄:101340201台中:101340401海口:101310101三亚:101310201东方:101310202临高:101310203澄迈:101310204儋州:101310205昌江:101310206白沙:101310207琼中:101310208定安:101310209屯昌:101310210琼海:101310211文昌:101310212保亭:101310214万宁:101310215陵水:101310216西沙:101310217南沙岛:101310220乐东:101310221五指山:101310222琼山:101310102长沙:101250101株洲:101250301衡阳:101250401郴州:101250501常德:101250601益阳:101250700娄底:101250801邵阳:101250901岳阳:101251001张家界:101251101怀化:101251201黔阳:101251301永州:101251401吉首:101251501湘潭:101250201南京:101190101镇江:101190301苏州:101190401南通:101190501扬州:101190601宿迁:101191301徐州:101190801淮安:101190901连云港:101191001常州:101191101泰州:101191201无锡:101190201盐城:101190701哈尔滨:101050101牡丹江:101050301佳木斯:101050401绥化:101050501黑河:101050601双鸭山:101051301伊春:101050801大庆:101050901七台河:101051002鸡西:101051101鹤岗:101051201齐齐哈尔:101050201大兴安岭:101050701长春:101060101延吉:101060301四平:101060401白山:101060901白城:101060601辽源:101060701松原:101060801吉林:101060201通化:101060501沈阳:101070101鞍山:101070301抚顺:101070401本溪:101070501丹东:101070601葫芦岛:101071401营口:101070801阜新:101070901辽阳:101071001铁岭:101071101朝阳:101071201盘锦:101071301大连:101070201锦州:101070701 

• 所使用的库都是支持包自带库
• 开发环境：Arduino IDE ，esp32
• 编译信息

使用 1.0  版本的库 WiFi 在文件夹： C:\\Users\\Administrator\\AppData\\Local\\Arduino15\\packages\\esp32\\hardware\\esp32\\1.0.6\\libraries\\WiFi 
使用 1.2  版本的库 HTTPClient 在文件夹： C:\\Users\\Administrator\\AppData\\Local\\Arduino15\\packages\\esp32\\hardware\\esp32\\1.0.6\\libraries\\HTTPClient 
使用 1.0  版本的库 WiFiClientSecure 在文件夹： C:\\Users\\Administrator\\AppData\\Local\\Arduino15\\packages\\esp32\\hardware\\esp32\\1.0.6\\libraries\\WiFiClientSecure 
"C:\\\\Users\\\\Administrator\\\\AppData\\\\Local\\\\Arduino15\\\\packages\\\\esp32\\\\tools\\\\xtensa-esp32-elf-gcc\\\\1.22.0-97-gc752ad5-5.2.0/bin/xtensa-esp32-elf-size" -A "d:\\\\arduino\\\\MyHexDir/BasicHttpsClient.ino.elf"
项目使用了 875682 字节，占用了 (6%) 程序存储空间。最大为 13369344 字节。
全局变量使用了38824字节，(11%)的动态内存，余留288856字节局部变量。最大为327680字节。

实例代码

/**
通过getString方法获取网络时间和气象数据

*/

#include <Arduino.h>
#include <WiFi.h>
#include <HTTPClient.h>
#include <WiFiClientSecure.h>
// 测试HTTP请求用的URL
#define URL "http://www.weather.com.cn/data/sk/101250301.html"

//填写WIFI入网信息
const char* ssid     = "MERCURY_D268G";     // WIFI账户
const char* password = "pba5ayzk"; // WIFI密码
void setClock() {
  //对于我们东八区,8 * 3600,使用夏令时 
  configTime(8 * 3600, 0, "2.cn.pool.ntp.org", "time.nist.gov","3.cn.pool.ntp.org");

  Serial.print(F("Waiting for NTP time sync: "));
  time_t nowSecs = time(nullptr);
  while (nowSecs < 8 * 3600 * 2) {
    delay(500);
    Serial.print(F("."));
    yield();
    nowSecs = time(nullptr);
  }
  Serial.println();
  struct tm timeinfo;
    if (!getLocalTime(&timeinfo))
    {
        Serial.println("Failed to obtain time");
        return;
    }
    Serial.println(&timeinfo, "%F %T %A"); // 格式化输出:2021-10-24 23:00:44 Sunday
}


void setup() {

  Serial.begin(115200);
  // Serial.setDebugOutput(true);
  Serial.println();
 for(uint8_t t = 4; t > 0; t--) {
        Serial.printf("[SETUP] WAIT %d...\\n", t);
        Serial.flush();
        delay(1000);
    }
 //设置ESP32工作模式为无线终端模式
  WiFi.mode(WIFI_STA);
  WiFi.begin(ssid, password);
  while (WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED) {
    Serial.print(".");
    // wait 1 second for re-trying
    delay(1000);
  }
  Serial.println(" connected");
  setClock();  
}

void loop() {
     WiFiClient client;
      HTTPClient https;  
      Serial.print("[HTTPS] begin...\\n");
      //配置请求地址。此处也可以不使用端口号和PATH而单纯的
  https.begin(URL); 
  Serial.print("URL: "); Serial.println(URL);
         //启动连接并发送HTTP请求
        int httpCode = https.GET();
        if (httpCode > 0) {
          // HTTP header has been send and Server response header has been handled
          Serial.printf("[HTTPS] GET... code: %d\\n", httpCode); 
          // file found at server
          if (httpCode == HTTP_CODE_OK || httpCode == HTTP_CODE_MOVED_PERMANENTLY) {
            String payload = https.getString();
            Serial.println(payload);
          }
        } else {
          Serial.printf("[HTTPS] GET... failed, error: %s\\n", https.errorToString(httpCode).c_str());
        }
  
        https.end();

  Serial.println();
  Serial.println("Waiting 10s before the next round...");
  delay(10000);
}

• 串口输出获取的信息