B站狂神说Java---记录SpringMVC学习笔记
Posted 小智RE0
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B站学习传送门==>【狂神说Java】SpringMVC最新教程IDEA版通俗易懂
感谢狂神❤
ml
M即model模型是指模型表示业务规则。
V即View视图是指用户看到并与之交互的界面。
C即controller控制器是指控制器;接受用户的输入并调用模型和视图去完成用户的需求.
1.回顾servlet
创建新的maven,在pom.xml
文件中进行相关配置.
删除src目录,将当前项目作为父级根项目
<!--导入相关依赖配置-->
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.12</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>5.3.9</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>2.5</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
<artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
<version>2.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<!--为防止资源导出失败;在build中需要配置resources-->
<build>
<resources>
<resource>
<directory>src/main/resources</directory>
<includes>
<include>**/*.properties</include>
<include>**/*.xml</include>
</includes>
<filtering>true</filtering>
</resource>
<resource>
<directory>src/main/java</directory>
<includes>
<include>**/*.properties</include>
<include>**/*.xml</include>
</includes>
<filtering>true</filtering>
</resource>
</resources>
</build>
检查maven的地址;
创建新的模块;作为子目录项目;
添加框架支持
写个DemoServlet类
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
/**
* @author by CSDN@小智RE0
* @date 2021-10-06 19:24
*/
//复习servlet
public class Demo01Servlet extends HttpServlet {
@Override
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
String mark = req.getParameter("mark");
//根据返回的参数处理;
if(mark.equals("my")){
req.getSession().setAttribute("message","返回的是My");
}else if(mark.equals("you")){
req.getSession().setAttribute("message","返回的是You");
}
//转发页面;
req.getRequestDispatcher("/index.jsp").forward(req,resp);
}
}
在web.xml配置servlet
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
version="4.0">
<!--配置servlet-->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>demo</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>Demo01Servlet</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>demo</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/demo</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
index.jsp
<%--
Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
User: 小智
Date: 2021/10/6
Time: 18:33
To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>复习servlet</title>
</head>
<body>
${message}
<form action="demo" method="post">
点击按钮
<input type="submit" name="mark" value="my"><br/>
<input type="submit" name="mark" value="you"><br/>
</form>
</body>
</html>
启动后,点击按钮my
2.SpringMVC概述
官方文档地址::4.3.24版本文档
可进入
https://docs.spring.io/spring-framework/docs/4.3.24.RELEASE/spring-framework-reference
点击html
可找到这里mvc相关的.
https://docs.spring.io/spring-framework/docs/4.3.24.RELEASE/spring-framework-reference/html/mvc.html
当发起请求时被前置的控制器拦截到请求,根据请求参数生成代理请求,找到请求对应的实际控制器,控制器处理请求,创建数据模型,访问数据库,将模型响应给中心控制器,控制器使用模型与视图渲染视图结果,将结果返回给中心控制器,再将结果返回给请求者.
SpringMVC来自于SpringFramework,基于Java实现的MVC轻量级Web框架。
Spring的web框架核心是DispatcherServlet
DispatcherServlet
可以管理不同的部分
先快速搭建一下;
配置web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
version="4.0">
<!--配置注册DispatcherServlet-->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<!--关联一个springmvc的配置文件:【servlet-name】-servlet.xml-->
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:springmvc-servlet.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<!--启动级别-1-->
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<!--/ 匹配所有的请求;(不包括.jsp)-->
<!--/* 匹配所有的请求;(包括.jsp)-->
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
在resources
目录下创建springmvc-servlet.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<!--处理映射器-->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.BeanNameUrlHandlerMapping"/>
<!--处理器适配器-->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.SimpleControllerHandlerAdapter"/>
<!--视图解析器:DispatcherServlet给他的ModelAndView-->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver" id="InternalResourceViewResolver">
<!--前缀-->
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/demos/"/>
<!--后缀-->
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
</bean>
<bean id="/demo" class="com.xiaozhi.controller.DemoController"/>
</beans>
写个控制层
package com.xiaozhi.controller;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.Controller;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
/**
* @author by CSDN@小智RE0
* @date 2021-10-06 20:28
*/
public class DemoController implements Controller {
public ModelAndView handleRequest(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse) throws Exception {
//ModelAndView 模型和视图
ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView();
//封装对象,放在ModelAndView中。Model
mv.addObject("message","SpringMVC显示");
//封装要跳转的视图,放在ModelAndView中
mv.setViewName("demo");
return mv;
}
}
demo.jsp
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>试试MVC</title>
</head>
<body>
${message}
</body>
</html>
配置tomcat;
大概的布局为;
访问 http://localhost:8080/study02_fasttry/demo
开始运行时出现404错误;检查了jar包后,没有缺少的;
然后就去给项目手动添加了相关的所有jar包;
然后再启动后访问;
3. SpringMVC执行原理
刚才在fwhttp://localhost:8080/study02_fasttry/demo
时,可分为3部分;
http://localhost:8080 服务器域名;
study02_fasttry 在tomcat部署的web站点;
demo 控制器
DispatcherServlet
为前置控制器,是springmvc的控制核心.客户端发出请求后,由它接收请求,拦截请求.
4.深入理解
试试再写一次配置步骤;
需要注意的是,在配置springmvc
时, 用/
和/*
有区别;
/
仅匹配所有的请求,不会去匹配jsp页面;
/*
匹配所有的请求以及jsp页面
配置web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
version="4.0">
<!--配置DispatchServlet,请求分发,前端控制-->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>deepspringmvc</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<!--需要绑定springmvc的参数文件-->
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<!--配置文件的地址-->
<param-value>classpath:springmvc-deepspringmvcservlet.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<!--配置启动的级别,和服务器一块启动-->
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>deepspringmvc</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
在resources
目录下写springmvc-deepspringmvcservlet.xml
配置文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<!--处理映射器,后期可用注解代替-->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.BeanNameUrlHandlerMapping"/>
<!--处理适配器-->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.SimpleControllerHandlerAdapter"/>
<!--视图解释器 重点!!!-->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver" id="internalResourceViewResolver">
<!--前缀后缀,注意拼接时的对应目录-->
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/demos/"/>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
</bean>
<!--Handler-->
<bean id="/demo2" class="com.xiaozhi.controller.DeepStudyMvc"/>
</beans>
简易控制层
package com.xiaozhi.controller;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.Controller;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
/**
* @author by CSDN@小智RE0
* @date 2021-10-06 22:45
*/
//简易控制层;
public class DeepStudyMvc implements Controller {
public ModelAndView handleRequest(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse) throws Exception {
//新建视图对象;
ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView();
//添加要传输的数据;
modelAndView.addObject("message","再次学习");
//设定要去的页面;
modelAndView.setViewName("demo2");
return modelAndView;
}
}
demo2.jsp
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>深入理解MVC</title>
</head>
B站狂神说Java笔记-java流程控制