安装Qemu-6.1.0

Posted 2021-10-29 rtoax

安装Qemu
荣涛 2021年9月23日

1. yum安装

TODO
CentOS8使用yum安装的qemu版本为4.2.0，如果需要最新版本，需要从https://www.qemu.org/download/下载最新源码，编译安装。

2. 源码安装

2.1. 下载

Qemu最新源码下载链接：https://www.qemu.org/download/

CentOS8使用yum安装的qemu版本为4.2.0，如果需要最新版本，需要从https://www.qemu.org/download/下载最新源码，编译安装。

2.2. 编译

wget https://download.qemu.org/qemu-6.1.0.tar.xz
tar xvJf qemu-6.1.0.tar.xz
cd qemu-6.1.0
./configure
make

如果使用GitLab上的master分支，可以：

git clone https://gitlab.com/qemu-project/qemu.git
cd qemu
git submodule init
git submodule update --recursive
./configure
make

当执行./configure会产生如下错误：

[rongtao@bogon qemu-6.1.0]$ ./configure 
Using './build' as the directory for build output

ERROR: Cannot find Ninja

为了确保体系结构、KVM支持、调试功能，可以在配置阶段指令选项：

./configure '--target-list=x86_64-softmmu' '--enable-kvm' '--enable-debug'

安装Ninja见附录。安装Ninja之后，再次./configure，提示仍旧有错误：

$ ./configure 
Using './build' as the directory for build output
The Meson build system
Version: 0.55.3
Source dir: /home/rongtao/qemu-6.1.0
Build dir: /home/rongtao/qemu-6.1.0/build
Build type: native build
Project name: qemu
Project version: 6.1.0
C compiler for the host machine: cc (gcc 8.4.1 "cc (GCC) 8.4.1 20200928 (Red Hat 8.4.1-1)")
C linker for the host machine: cc ld.bfd 2.30-93
Host machine cpu family: x86_64
Host machine cpu: x86_64
../meson.build:10: WARNING: Module unstable-keyval has no backwards or forwards compatibility and might not exist in future releases.
Program sh found: YES
Program python3 found: YES (/usr/bin/python3)
Program bzip2 found: YES
C++ compiler for the host machine: c++ (gcc 8.4.1 "c++ (GCC) 8.4.1 20200928 (Red Hat 8.4.1-1)")
C++ linker for the host machine: c++ ld.bfd 2.30-93
Program cgcc found: NO
Library m found: YES
Run-time dependency threads found: YES
Library util found: YES
Run-time dependency appleframeworks found: NO (tried framework)
Found pkg-config: /usr/bin/pkg-config (1.4.2)
Run-time dependency pixman-1 found: NO (tried pkgconfig)

../meson.build:328:2: ERROR: Dependency "pixman-1" not found, tried pkgconfig

A full log can be found at /home/rongtao/qemu-6.1.0/build/meson-logs/meson-log.txt

ERROR: meson setup failed

我们一个一个看。为了清晰，给出截图：

安装pixman即可，参见附录。接着再次./configure，即可成功。然后进行编译：

$ make
[...]此处省略很多行
[9524/9527] Compiling C object tests/qtest/fdc-test.p/fdc-test.c.o
[9525/9527] Linking target tests/qtest/fdc-test
[9526/9527] Compiling C object tests/qtest/tpm-crb-swtpm-test.p/tpm-tests.c.o
[9527/9527] Linking target tests/qtest/tpm-crb-swtpm-test
  AS      multiboot.o
  BUILD   multiboot.img
  BUILD   multiboot.raw
  SIGN    multiboot.bin
  AS      linuxboot.o
  BUILD   linuxboot.img
  BUILD   linuxboot.raw
  SIGN    linuxboot.bin
  CC      linuxboot_dma.o
  BUILD   linuxboot_dma.img
  BUILD   linuxboot_dma.raw
  SIGN    linuxboot_dma.bin
  AS      kvmvapic.o
  BUILD   kvmvapic.img
  BUILD   kvmvapic.raw
  SIGN    kvmvapic.bin
  AS      pvh.o
  CC      pvh_main.o
  BUILD   pvh.img
  BUILD   pvh.raw
  SIGN    pvh.bin
make[1]: Leaving directory '/home/rongtao/qemu-6.1.0/build'
changing dir to build for make ""...
make[1]: Entering directory '/home/rongtao/qemu-6.1.0/build'
[1/177] Generating qemu-version.h with a meson_exe.py custom command
[2/35] Generating QAPI test (include) with a custom command
make[1]: Leaving directory '/home/rongtao/qemu-6.1.0/build'
$ 

2.3. 安装

$ sudo make install
[...]
changing dir to build for make "install"...
make[1]: Entering directory '/home/rongtao/qemu-6.1.0/build'
[1/144] Generating qemu-version.h with a meson_exe.py custom command
[1/2] Installing files.
Installing subdir /home/rongtao/qemu-6.1.0/qga/run to /usr/local/var/run
Installing trace/trace-events-all to /usr/local/share/qemu
Installing qemu-system-aarch64 to /usr/local/bin
Stripping target 'qemu-system-aarch64' using strip.
Installing qemu-system-alpha to /usr/local/bin
Stripping target 'qemu-system-alpha' using strip.
Installing qemu-system-arm to /usr/local/bin
Stripping target 'qemu-system-arm' using strip.
Installing qemu-system-avr to /usr/local/bin
Stripping target 'qemu-system-avr' using strip.
[...]
Installing /home/rongtao/qemu-6.1.0/build/pc-bios/descriptors/60-edk2-i386.json to /usr/local/share/qemu/firmware
Installing /home/rongtao/qemu-6.1.0/build/pc-bios/descriptors/60-edk2-x86_64.json to /usr/local/share/qemu/firmware
Installing /home/rongtao/qemu-6.1.0/pc-bios/keymaps/sl to /usr/local/share/qemu/keymaps
Installing /home/rongtao/qemu-6.1.0/pc-bios/keymaps/sv to /usr/local/share/qemu/keymaps
make[1]: Leaving directory '/home/rongtao/qemu-6.1.0/build'

查看Qemu版本：

$ qemu-img --version
qemu-img version 6.1.0
Copyright (c) 2003-2021 Fabrice Bellard and the QEMU Project developers

安装成功。

3. 参考链接

1. Documentation/9psetup；
2. https://www.qemu.org/download/；

4. 附录

4.1. 安装Ninja

参考链接：How to Install Invoice Ninja on CentOS 7

Ninja下载：RPM包

这里使用RPM包安装，但是安装过程会提示需要Python2.7，正如centos.pkgs.org所说，ninja的依赖为：

emacs-filesystem	-
libc.so.6(GLIBC_2.15)(64bit)	-
libgcc_s.so.1()(64bit)	-
libgcc_s.so.1(GCC_3.0)(64bit)	-
libm.so.6()(64bit)	-
libstdc++.so.6()(64bit)	-
libstdc++.so.6(CXXABI_1.3)(64bit)	-
libstdc++.so.6(GLIBCXX_3.4)(64bit)	-
python(abi)	= 2.7
rtld(GNU_HASH)	-
vim-filesystem	-

直接使用yum安装python2.7就可以了：

$ sudo yum install python2
Last metadata expiration check: 0:47:34 ago on Thu 23 Sep 2021 08:41:15 AM CST.
Dependencies resolved.
=============================================================================================================================
 Package                           Architecture    Version                                          Repository          Size
=============================================================================================================================
Installing:
 python2                           x86_64          2.7.18-4.module_el8.4.0+668+03e3490a             appstream          109 k
Installing dependencies:
 python2-libs                      x86_64          2.7.18-4.module_el8.4.0+668+03e3490a             appstream          6.0 M
 python2-pip-wheel                 noarch          9.0.3-18.module_el8.4.0+642+1dc4fb01             appstream          1.0 M
 python2-setuptools-wheel          noarch          39.0.1-13.module_el8.4.0+642+1dc4fb01            appstream          287 k
Installing weak dependencies:
 python2-pip                       noarch          9.0.3-18.module_el8.4.0+642+1dc4fb01             appstream          1.7 M
 python2-setuptools                noarch          39.0.1-13.module_el8.4.0+642+1dc4fb01            appstream          642 k
Enabling module streams:
 python27                                          2.7                                                                      

Transaction Summary
=============================================================================================================================
Install  6 Packages

Total download size: 9.7 M
Installed size: 37 M
Is this ok [y/N]: y

然后再次安装ninja：

$ sudo rpm -i ninja-build-1.10.2-3.el7.x86_64.rpm

成功。

4.2. 安装pixman

很简单

$ sudo yum install -y pixman pixman-devel

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