万字长文图文详解Spring整合RabbitMQ（简单模式，广播模式，路由模式，通配符模式，消息可靠性投递，TTL）

Posted 2021-10-29 java小丑

tags:

篇首语：本文由小常识网(cha138.com)小编为大家整理，主要介绍了万字长文图文详解Spring整合RabbitMQ（简单模式，广播模式，路由模式，通配符模式，消息可靠性投递，TTL）相关的知识，希望对你有一定的参考价值。

文章目录

前言
一、项目代码
二、项目演示
三、消息可靠性投递
四、消息在消费端限流
五、TTL
总结

前言

本文通过实战代码，Spring整合RabbitMQ，项目分二个模块，consumer和produle。

提示：以下是本篇文章正文内容，下面案例可供参考

一、项目代码

1.生产者

1.项目架构图：

代码如下（示例）：

2.pom.xml依赖：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.sky</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-rabbitmq-produle</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>


    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.7.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.amqp</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-rabbit</artifactId>
            <version>2.1.8.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.12</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.7.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.8.0</version>
                <configuration>
                    <source>1.8</source>
                    <target>1.8</target>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

3.spring-rabbitmq-producer.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:rabbit="http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
       https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit/spring-rabbit.xsd">
    <!--加载配置文件-->
    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:rabbitmq.properties"/>

    <!-- 定义rabbitmq connectionFactory -->
    <rabbit:connection-factory id="connectionFactory" host="${rabbitmq.host}"
                               port="${rabbitmq.port}"
                               username="${rabbitmq.username}"
                               password="${rabbitmq.password}"
                               virtual-host="${rabbitmq.virtual-host}"/>
    <!--定义管理交换机、队列-->
    <rabbit:admin connection-factory="connectionFactory"/>

    <!--定义持久化队列，不存在则自动创建；不绑定到交换机则绑定到默认交换机
    默认交换机类型为direct，名字为：""，路由键为队列的名称
    -->
    <!--
        id：bean的名称
        name：queue的名称
        auto-declare:自动创建
        auto-delete:自动删除。 最后一个消费者和该队列断开连接后，自动删除队列
        durable：是否持久化
    -->

    <rabbit:queue id="spring_queue" name="spring_queue"    auto-declare="true"/>

    <!-- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~广播；所有队列都能收到消息~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ -->
    <!--定义广播交换机中的持久化队列，不存在则自动创建-->
    <rabbit:queue id="spring_fanout_queue_1" name="spring_fanout_queue_1" auto-declare="true"/>

    <!--定义广播交换机中的持久化队列，不存在则自动创建-->
    <rabbit:queue id="spring_fanout_queue_2" name="spring_fanout_queue_2" auto-declare="true"/>

    <!--定义广播类型交换机；并绑定上述两个队列-->
    <rabbit:fanout-exchange id="spring_fanout_exchange" name="spring_fanout_exchange"  auto-declare="true">
        <rabbit:bindings>
            <rabbit:binding queue="spring_fanout_queue_1"  />
            <rabbit:binding queue="spring_fanout_queue_2"/>
        </rabbit:bindings>
    </rabbit:fanout-exchange>


    <!-- 定义队列-->
    <rabbit:queue id="spring_direct_queue" name="spring_direct_queue"  auto-declare="true"/>

    <!--
      定义 Routing  路由模式 交互机
    -->
    <rabbit:direct-exchange name="spring_direct_exchange" >
        <rabbit:bindings>
            <!--direct 类型的交换机绑定队列  key ：路由key  queue：队列名称-->
            <rabbit:binding queue="spring_direct_queue" key="direct"></rabbit:binding>
        </rabbit:bindings>

    </rabbit:direct-exchange>

    <!-- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~通配符；*匹配一个单词，#匹配多个单词 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ -->
    <!--定义广播交换机中的持久化队列，不存在则自动创建-->
    <rabbit:queue id="spring_topic_queue_one" name="spring_topic_queue_one"  auto-declare="true"/>
    <!--定义广播交换机中的持久化队列，不存在则自动创建-->
    <rabbit:queue id="spring_topic_queue_two" name="spring_topic_queue_two" auto-declare="true"/>
    <!--定义广播交换机中的持久化队列，不存在则自动创建-->
    <rabbit:queue id="spring_topic_queue_three" name="spring_topic_queue_three" auto-declare="true"/>

    <!--
      声明  topic 类型的交换机
    -->
    <rabbit:topic-exchange id="spring_topic_exchange"  name="spring_topic_exchange" auto-declare="true">
        <rabbit:bindings>
            <rabbit:binding pattern="one.*"  queue="spring_topic_queue_one"/>
            <rabbit:binding pattern="two.#" queue="spring_topic_queue_two"/>
            <rabbit:binding pattern="three.#" queue="spring_topic_queue_three"/>
        </rabbit:bindings>
    </rabbit:topic-exchange>

    <!--定义rabbitTemplate对象操作可以在代码中方便发送消息-->
    <rabbit:template id="rabbitTemplate" connection-factory="connectionFactory"/>

</beans>

4.rabbitmq.properties：

rabbitmq.host=110.42.239.246
rabbitmq.port=5672
rabbitmq.username=guest
rabbitmq.password=guest
rabbitmq.virtual-host=spring

说明：这里免费提供rabbitmq连接方式给大家使用学习

5.ProducerTest：

package com.sky.springrabbitmqprodule;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations = "classpath:spring-rabbitmq-producer.xml")
public class ProducerTest {

    @Autowired
    private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;


    /**
     * 简单模式发消息
     */
    @Test
    public void testHelloWorld(){
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("spring_queue","hello world spring....");
    }


    /**
     * 广播模式发消息
     */
    @Test
    public void testFanout(){
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("spring_fanout_exchange","","spring fanout....");
    }

    /**
     * 路由模式发消息
     */
    @Test
    public void testDirect(){
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("spring_direct_exchange","direct","spring Direct....");
    }

    /**
     * 通配符模式发消息
     */
    @Test
    public void testTopics(){
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("spring_topic_exchange","one.onekey","spring topic one....");
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("spring_topic_exchange","two.twokey.topic","spring topic two....");
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("spring_topic_exchange","three.threekey.topic","spring topic three....");
    }
}

2.消费者

1.项目架构图

代码如下（示例）：

2.pom.xml依赖：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.sky</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-rabbitmq-consumer</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.7.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.amqp</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-rabbit</artifactId>
            <version>2.1.8.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.12</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.7.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.8.0</version>
                <configuration>
                    <source>1.8</source>
                    <target>1.8</target>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

3.spring-rabbitmq-consumer.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:rabbit="http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
       https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit/spring-rabbit.xsd">
    <!--加载配置文件-->
    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:rabbitmq.properties"/>
    
    <!-- 定义rabbitmq connectionFactory -->
    <rabbit:connection-factory id="connectionFactory" host="${rabbitmq.host}"
                               port="${rabbitmq.port}"
                               username="${rabbitmq.username}"
                               password="${rabbitmq.password}"
                               virtual-host="${rabbitmq.virtual-host}"/>
        <!--简单模式-->
万字长文图文详解Springboot集成RabbitMQ（直连模式，工作队列模式，发布订阅模式，路由模式，通配符模式）
 近九万字图文详解RabbitMQ
 万字长文丰富图文详解B-树原理
 MQ4万字保姆教程|RabbitMQ知识点整理与Springboot整合附Demo（图文并茂）
 近九万字图文详解RabbitMQ
 图文并茂，Spring Boot Starter 万字详解！还有谁不会？