万字长文图文详解Springboot集成RabbitMQ（直连模式，工作队列模式，发布订阅模式，路由模式，通配符模式）

Posted 2021-10-29 java小丑

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前言

提示：Springboot集成Rabbitmq实战案例，通过接口调用的方式演示。

提示：以下是本篇文章正文内容，下面案例可供参考

一、集成步骤

一、生产者：

创建生产者SpringBoot工程

引入pom依赖

<dependency>
	<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
	<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
</dependency>

编写rabbitmq配置消息
定义交换机，队列以及绑定关系的配置类
注入RabbitTemplate，调用方法，完成消息发送

二、消费者：

创建生产者SpringBoot工程

引入pom依赖

<dependency>
	<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
	<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
</dependency>

编写rabbitmq配置消息
定义监听类，使用@RabbitListener注解完成队列监听。

二、实现步骤

1.项目架构图

2.创建项目

代码如下（示例）：

1.pom依赖

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.5.5</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    <groupId>com.sky</groupId>
    <artifactId>springboot-rabbitmq-module</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>springboot-rabbitmq-module</name>
    <description>springboot-rabbitmq-module</description>
    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <maven.compiler.source>1.7</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>1.7</maven.compiler.target>
    </properties>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.11</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <finalName>springboot_rabbitmq</finalName>
        <pluginManagement><!-- lock down plugins versions to avoid using Maven defaults (may be moved to parent pom) -->
            <plugins>
                <plugin>
                    <artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>3.1.0</version>
                </plugin>
                <!-- see http://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/default-bindings.html#Plugin_bindings_for_war_packaging -->
                <plugin>
                    <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>3.0.2</version>
                </plugin>
                <plugin>
                    <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>3.8.0</version>
                </plugin>
                <plugin>
                    <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>2.22.1</version>
                </plugin>
                <plugin>
                    <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>3.2.2</version>
                </plugin>
                <plugin>
                    <artifactId>maven-install-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>2.5.2</version>
                </plugin>
                <plugin>
                    <artifactId>maven-deploy-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>2.8.2</version>
                </plugin>
            </plugins>
        </pluginManagement>
    </build>

</project>

2.application.properties配置

server.port=8080
#spring.rabbitmq.host=localhost
spring.rabbitmq.port=5672
spring.rabbitmq.username=guest
spring.rabbitmq.password=guest
spring.rabbitmq.addresses=110.42.239.246
spring.rabbitmq.virtual-host=springboot

#spring.rabbitmq.addresses=110.42.239.246:5672,110.42.239.247:5672,110.42.239.248:5672

说明：这里免费提供rabbitmq连接方式给大家使用学习

3.config配置

HelloWorldConfig

package com.sky.springbootrabbitmqmodule.config;

import org.springframework.amqp.core.Queue;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

/**
 * HelloWorld rabbitmq课上讲解的第一个工作模式
 * 直连模式只需要声明队列，所有消息都通过队列转发。
 * 无需设置交换机
 */
@Configuration
public class HelloWorldConfig {

	@Bean
	public Queue setQueue() {
		return new Queue("helloWorldqueue");
	}
}

FanoutConfig

package com.sky.springbootrabbitmqmodule.config;

import org.springframework.amqp.core.Binding;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.BindingBuilder;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.FanoutExchange;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.Queue;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

/**
 * Fanout模式需要声明exchange，并绑定queue，由exchange负责转发到queue上。
 * 广播模式 交换机类型设置为：fanout
 */
@Configuration
public class FanoutConfig {

	//声明队列
	@Bean
	public Queue fanoutQ1() {
		return new Queue("fanout.q1");
	}
	@Bean
	public Queue fanoutQ2() {
		return new Queue("fanout.q2");
	}


	//声明exchange
	@Bean
	public FanoutExchange setFanoutExchange() {
		return new FanoutExchange("fanoutExchange");
	}


	//声明Binding,exchange与queue的绑定关系
	@Bean
	public Binding bindQ1() {
		return BindingBuilder.bind(fanoutQ1()).to(setFanoutExchange());
	}
	@Bean
	public Binding bindQ2() {
		return BindingBuilder.bind(fanoutQ2()).to(setFanoutExchange());
	}

}

WorkConfig

package com.sky.springbootrabbitmqmodule.config;



import org.springframework.amqp.core.Queue;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

@Configuration
public class WorkConfig {


    //声明队列
    @Bean
    public Queue workQ1() {
        return new Queue("work_sb_mq_q");
    }

}

DirectConfig

package com.sky.springbootrabbitmqmodule.config;

import org.springframework.amqp.core.*;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;


/*
   路由模式|Routing模式   交换机类型：direct
*/
@Configuration
public class DirectConfig {

	//声明队列
	@Bean
	public Queue directQ1() {
		return new Queue("direct_sb_mq_q1");
	}
	@Bean
	public Queue directQ2() {
		return new Queue("direct_sb_mq_q2");
	}


	//声明exchange
	@Bean
	public DirectExchange setDirectExchange() {
		return new DirectExchange("directExchange");
	}

	//声明binding，需要声明一个routingKey
	@Bean
	public Binding bindDirectBind1() {
		return BindingBuilder.bind(directQ1()).to(setDirectExchange()).with("directBind.one");
	}
	@Bean
	public Binding bindDirectBind2() {
			return BindingBuilder.bind(directQ2()).to(setDirectExchange()).with("directBind.two");
	}

}

TopicConfig

package com.sky.springbootrabbitmqmodule.config;

import org.springframework.amqp.core.Binding;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.BindingBuilder;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.Queue;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.TopicExchange;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;


/*
Topics模式  交换机类型 topic
* */
@Configuration
public class TopicConfig {

	//声明队列
	@Bean
	public Queue topicQ1() {
		return new Queue("topic_sb_mq_q1");
	}
	@Bean
	public Queue topicQ2() {
		return new Queue("topic_sb_mq_q2");
	}


	//声明exchange
	@Bean
	public TopicExchange setTopicExchange() {
		return new TopicExchange("topicExchange");
	}

	//声明binding，需要声明一个roytingKey
	@Bean
	public Binding bindTopicHebei1() {
		return BindingBuilder.bind(topicQ1()).to(setTopicExchange()).with("directBind.*");
	}
	@Bean
	public Binding bindTopicHebei2() {
		return BindingBuilder.bind(topicQ2()).to(setTopicExchange()).with("#.two");
	}

}

4.消费端component

package com.sky.springbootrabbitmqmodule.component;

import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.config.SimpleRabbitListenerContainerFactory;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.connection.ConnectionFactory;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
public class ConcumerReceiver {

	//直连模式的多个消费者，会分到其中一个消费者进行消费。类似task模式
	//通过注入RabbitContainerFactory对象，来设置一些属性，相当于task里的channel.basicQos
	@RabbitListener(queues="helloWorldqueue")
	public void helloWorldReceive(String message) {
	     System.out.println("helloWorld模式 received message : " +message);
	}

	//工作队列模式
    @RabbitListener(queues="work_sb_mq_q")
    public void wordQueueReceiveq1(String message) {
		System.out.println("工作队列模式1 received message : " +message);
    }

    @RabbitListener(queues="work_sb_mq_q")
    public void wordQueueReceiveq2(String message) {
		System.out.println("工作队列模式2 received message : " +message);
    }


	//pub/sub模式进行消息监听
	@RabbitListener(queues="fanout.q1")
	public void fanoutReceiveq1(String message) {
	    System.out.println("发布订阅模式1received message : " +message);
	}
	@RabbitListener(queues="fanout.q2")
	public void fanoutReceiveq2(String message) {
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