使用 Docker 搭建离线数仓环境
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前言
使用版本：
| 软件名称 | 版本 |
|---|---|
| mysql | 5.5.40 |
| JDK | 1.8 |
| Hadoop | 3.2.1 |
| Hive | 3.1.2 |
| Sqoop | 1.4.47 |
| Flume | 1.9.0 |
一、Docker安装
1.1 Centos Docker安装
# 镜像比较大, 需要准备一个网络稳定的环境
# 其中--mirror Aliyun代表使用阿里源
curl -fsSL https://get.docker.com | bash -s docker --mirror Aliyun
1.2 Ubuntu Docker安装【推荐】
curl -fsSL https://get.docker.com | bash -s docker --mirror Aliyun
1.3 MacOs Docker安装
# 下载安装包, 拖动安装即可
https://hub.docker.com/editions/community/docker-ce-desktop-mac/
1.4 Windows Docker安装【不推荐】
# win10家庭版 【参考】
https://docs.docker.com/docker-for-windows/install-windows-home/
# win10专业版、商业版或教育版 【参考】
https://docs.docker.com/docker-for-windows/install/
二、容器准备
2.1 拉取镜像
docker pull centos:7
2.2 启动并创建容器
docker run -itd --privileged --name singleNode -h singleNode \\
-p 2222:22 \\
-p 3306:3306 \\
-p 8020:8020 \\
-p 9870:9870 \\
-p 19888:19888 \\
-p 8088:8088 \\
-p 9083:9083 \\
-p 10000:10000 \\
-p 2181:2181 \\
-p 9092:9092 \\
-p 8091:8091 \\
-p 8080:8080 \\
-p 16010:16010 \\
-p 4000:4000 \\
-p 3000:3000 \\
centos:7 /usr/sbin/init
# 其中端口号解释
2222:22# SSH
3306:3306 #MySQL
8020:8020 # HDFS RPC
9870:9870 # HDFS web UI
19888:19888 # Yarn job history
8088:8088 # Yarn web UI
9083:9083 # Hive metastore
10000:10000 # HiveServer2
2181:2181 # zk
9092:9092 # kafka
8091:8091 # flink
2.3 进入容器
docker exec -it singleNode /bin/bash
三、环境准备
3.1 安装必要软件
yum clean all
yum -y install unzip bzip2-devel vim bashname
yum install kde-l10n-Chinese -y
yum install glibc-common -y
localedef -c -f UTF-8 -i zh_CN zh_CN.utf8
echo "export LANG=zh_CN.UTF-8" >> /etc/locale.conf
echo "LC_ALL zh_CN.UTF-8" >> ~/.bashrc
3.2 配置SSH免密登录
# 修改root密码passwd root # 输入两次密码# 安装必要SSH服务yum install -y openssh openssh-server openssh-clients openssl openssl-devel # 生成秘钥ssh-keygen -t rsa -f ~/.ssh/id_rsa -P '' # 配置免密cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub >> ~/.ssh/authorized_keys# 方式2: ssh-copy-id# 启动SSH服务systemctl start sshd
3.3 设置时区
cp /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime
3.4 关闭防火墙
yum -y install firewalldsystemctl stop firewalldsystemctl disable firewalld
3.5 时间同步、静态ip、主机映射
- 由于本次课使用docker进行环境搭建，所以对于静态ip和主机映射可以不用配置
- 由于本次课搭建的是单节点的伪分布式集群，所以时间同步可以用不设置
- 如果在物理机上搭建多节点的完全分布式集群则必须配置
四、MySQL安装
4.1 上传解压安装包
cd /opt/software/tar xvf MySQL-5.5.40-1.linux2.6.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
4.2 安装必要依赖
yum -y install libaio perl
4.3 安装服务端和客户端
rpm -ivh MySQL-server-5.5.40-1.linux2.6.x86_64.rpmrpm -ivh MySQL-client-5.5.40-1.linux2.6.x86_64.rpm
4.4 启动并配置MySQL
方式一
# 启动服务systemctl start mysql# 修改MySQL密码/usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'root'# 登陆MySQL设置权限mysql -uroot -proot > update mysql.user set host='%' where host='localhost';> delete from mysql.user where host<>'%' or user='';> flush privileges;
方式二
# 启动服务systemctl start mysql# 执行MySQL的初始化/usr/bin/mysql_secure_installation# 输入一次回车, 两次相同的密码进行修改密码# Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] 是否移除掉anonymous用户 n# Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] 是否允许root用户远程登录 y# Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] 是否移除掉test数据库 n# Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] 是否现在刷新权限 y# 登陆MySQL设置权限mysql -uroot -proot > update mysql.user set host='%' where host='localhost';> delete from mysql.user where host<>'%' or user='';> flush privileges;
五、安装JDK
5.1 上传并解压
tar zxvf /opt/software/jdk-8u171-linux-x64.tar.gz -C /opt/install/ln -s /opt/install/jdk1.8.0_171 /opt/install/java
5.2 配置环境变量
环境变量配置在 ~/.bashrc 里
vi ~/.bashrc-------------------------------------------export JAVA_HOME=/opt/install/javaexport PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH-------------------------------------------source ~/.bashrc
5.3 查看版本
java -version
六、Hadoop安装
6.1 上传并解压
tar zxvf hadoop-3.2.1.tar.gz -C /opt/install/ln -s /opt/install/hadoop-3.2.1/ /opt/install/hadoop
6.2 修改配置
# 进入路径cd /opt/install/hadoop/etc/hadoop/
6.2.1 配置core-site.xml
vi core-site.xml-------------------------------------------<configuration> <property> <name>fs.defaultFS</name> <value>hdfs://singleNode:8020</value> </property> <property> <name>hadoop.tmp.dir</name> <value>/opt/install/hadoop/data</value> </property> <property> <name>hadoop.proxyuser.root.hosts</name> <value>*</value> </property> <property> <name>hadoop.proxyuser.root.groups</name> <value>*</value> </property> <property> <name>hadoop.http.staticuser.user</name> <value>root</value> </property></configuration>-------------------------------------------
6.2.2 配置hdfs-site.xml
vi hdfs-site.xml-------------------------------------------<configuration> <property> <name>dfs.replication</name> <value>1</value> </property> <property> <name>dfs.namenode.secondary.http-address</name> <value>singleNode:9868</value> </property></configuration>-------------------------------------------
6.2.3 配置mapred-site.xml
vi mapred-site.xml-------------------------------------------<configuration> <property> <name>mapreduce.framework.name</name> <value>yarn</value> </property> <property> <name>mapreduce.jobhistory.address</name> <value>singleNode:10020</value> </property> <property> <name>mapreduce.jobhistory.webapp.address</name> <value>singleNode:19888</value> </property></configuration>-------------------------------------------
6.2.4 配置yarn-site.xml
vi yarn-site.xml-------------------------------------------<configuration> <property> <name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-services</name> <value>mapreduce_shuffle</value> </property> <property> <name>yarn.resourcemanager.hostname</name> <value>singleNode</value> </property> <property> <name>yarn.nodemanager.env-whitelist</name> <value>JAVA_HOME,HADOOP_COMMON_HOME,HADOOP_HDFS_HOME,HADOOP_CONF_DIR,CLASSPATH_PREPEND_DISTCACHE,HADOOP_YARN_HOME,HADOOP_MAPRED_HOME</value> </property> <property> <name>yarn.scheduler.minimum-allocation-mb</name> <value>512</value> </property> <property> <name>yarn.scheduler.maximum-allocation-mb</name> <value>4096</value> </property> <property> <name>yarn.nodemanager.resource.memory-mb</name> <value>4096</value> </property> <property> <name>yarn.nodemanager.pmem-check-enabled</name> <value>false</value> </property> <property> <name>yarn.nodemanager.vmem-check-enabled</name> <value>false</value> </property> <property> <name>yarn.log-aggregation-enable</name> <value>true</value> </property> <property> <name>yarn.log.server.url</name> <value>http://${yarn.timeline-service.webapp.address}/applicationhistory/logs</value> </property> <property> <name>yarn.log-aggregation.retain-seconds</name> <value>604800</value> </property> <property> <name>yarn.timeline-service.enabled</name> <value>true</value> </property> <property> <name>yarn.timeline-service.hostname</name> <value>${yarn.resourcemanager.hostname}</value> </property> <property> <name>yarn.timeline-service.http-cross-origin.enabled</name> <value>true</value> </property> <property> <name>yarn.resourcemanager.system-metrics-publisher.enabled</name> <value>true</value> </property></configuration>-------------------------------------------
6.2.5 配置hadoop-env.sh
vi hadoop-env.sh-------------------------------------------export JAVA_HOME=/opt/install/java-------------------------------------------
6.2.6 配置mapred-env.sh
vi mapred-env.sh-------------------------------------------export JAVA_HOME=/opt/install/java-------------------------------------------
6.2.7 配置yarn-env.sh
vi yarn-env.sh-------------------------------------------export JAVA_HOME=/opt/install/java-------------------------------------------
6.2.8 配置works
vi works-------------------------------------------singleNode-------------------------------------------
6.3 添加变量
vi ~/.bashrc------------------------------------------------export HADOOP_HOME=/opt/install/hadoopexport HADOOP_CONF_DIR=$HADOOP_HOME/etc/hadoopexport PATH=$HADOOP_HOME/bin:$PATH------------------------------------------------vi $HADOOP_HOME/sbin/start-dfs.shvi $HADOOP_HOME/sbin/stop-dfs.sh------------------------------------------------HDFS_NAMENODE_USER=root HDFS_DATANODE_USER=root HDFS_SECONDARYNAMENODE_USER=root YARN_RESOURCEMANAGER_USER=root YARN_NODEMANAGER_USER=root------------------------------------------------vi $HADOOP_HOME/sbin/start-yarn.shvi $HADOOP_HOME/sbin/stop-yarn.sh------------------------------------------------YARN_RESOURCEMANAGER_USER=root HADOOP_SECURE_DN_USER=yarn YARN_NODEMANAGER_USER=root------------------------------------------------
6.4 HDFS格式化
hdfs namenode -format
6.5 启动Hadoop服务
# 启动HDFS$HADOOP_HOME/sbin/start-dfs.sh# 启动yarn$HADOOP_HOME/sbin/start-yarn.sh# 启动历史服务器mapred --daemon start historyserver
6.6 Web端查看
查看9870端口
查看8088端口
七、Hive安装
7.1 上传并解压
tar zxvf /opt/software/apache-hive-3.1.2-bin.tar.gz -C /opt/install/ln -s /opt/install/apache-hive-3.1.2-bin/ /opt/install/hive
7.2 修改配置
# 进入路径cd /opt/install/hive/conf/
7.2.1 修改hive-site.xml
cp hive-default.xml.template hive-site.xmlvi hive-site.xml-------------------------------------------<configuration> <property> <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionURL</name> <value>jdbc:mysql://singleNode:3306/metastore?createDatabaseIfNotExist=true&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8</value> </property> <property> <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionDriverName</name> <value>com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</value> </property> <property> <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionUserName</name> <value>root</value> </property> <property> <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionPassword</name> <value>root</value> </property> <property> <name>hive.metastore.warehouse.dir</name> <value>/user/hive/warehouse</value> </property> <property> <name>hive.metastore.schema.verification</name> <value>false</value> </property> <property> <name>hive.metastore.uris</name> <value>thrift://singleNode:9083</value> </property> <property> <name>hive.server2.thrift.port</name> <value>10000</value> </property> <property> <name>hive.server2.thrift.bind.host</name> <value>singleNode</value> </property> <property> <name>hive.metastore.event.db.notification.api.auth</name> <value>false</value> </property></configuration>-------------------------------------------
7.2.2 修改hive-env.sh
cp hive-env.sh.template hive-env.shvi hive-env.sh-------------------------------------------HADOOP_HOME=/opt/install/hadoop-------------------------------------------
7.3 添加依赖包
cp /opt/software/mysql-connector-java-5.1.31.jar /opt/install/hive/lib/
7.4 添加环境变量
vi ~/.bashrc------------------------------------------------export HIVE_HOME=/opt/install/hiveexport PATH=$HIVE_HOME/bin:$PATH------------------------------------------------
7.5 启动服务
# 初始化元数据表schematool -dbType mysql -initSchema# 启动hiveserver2服务nohup hive --service hiveserver2 &#############报错 Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NoSuchMethodError ################# jar 包冲突, 需要删除低版本包rm -rf /opt/install/hive/lib/guava-19.0.jarcp /opt/install/hadoop/share/hadoop/common/lib/guava-27.0-jre.jar /opt/install/hive/lib/
7.6 Jps查看
八、Sqoop安装
8.1 上传并解压
tar zxvf sqoop-1.4.7.bin__hadoop-2.6.0.tar.gz -C /opt/install/ln -s /opt/install/sqoop-1.4.7.bin__hadoop-2.6.0/ /opt/install/sqoop
8.2 修改sqoop-env.sh
cd /opt/install/sqoop/conf/cp sqoop-env-template.sh sqoop-env.shvi sqoop-env.sh-------------------------------------------#Set path to where bin/hadoop is availableexport HADOOP_COMMON_HOME=/opt/install/hadoop#Set path to where hadoop-*-core.jar is availableexport HADOOP_MAPRED_HOME=/opt/install/hadoop#Set the path to where bin/hive is availableexport HIVE_HOME=/opt/install/hive-------------------------------------------
8.3 添加依赖包
cp /opt/software/mysql-connector-java-5.1.31.jar /opt/install/sqoop/lib/cp /opt/software/commons-lang-2.6.jar /opt/install/sqoop/lib/cp /opt/software/java-json.jar /opt/install/sqoop/lib/
8.4 添加环境变量
vi ~/.bashrc------------------------------------------------export SQOOP_HOME=/opt/install/sqoopexport PATH=$SQOOP_HOME/bin:$PATH------------------------------------------------
8.5 查看版本
sqoop version
九、Flume安装
9.1 上传并解压
tar zxvf /opt/software/apache-flume-1.9.0-bin.tar.gz -C /opt/install/cd /opt/install/ln -s apache-flume-1.9.0-bin/ flume
9.2 删除依赖
cd flume/rm -rf lib/guava-11.0.2.jar
9.3 添加环境变量
vi ~/.bashrc---------------------export FLUME_HOME=/opt/install/flumeexport PATH=$FLUME_HOME/bin:$PATH---------------------source ~/.bashrc
附录
本文所使用的安装包存放地址：
链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1F2lXHEP3-6_mDPp2L5oEjg
提取码：vick
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