Docker项目部署lnmp+wordpress
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Docker项目部署lnmp+wordpress
一.项目环境
公司在实际的生产环境中，需要使用Docker 技术在一台主机上创建LNMP服务并运行Wordpress网站平台。然后对此服务进行相关的性能调优和管理工作。
1.1 环境描述
主机 操作系统 IP地址 主要软件
Docker CentOS 7.3 x86_64 192.168.80.4 Docker 19.03
1.2 项目需求
（1）使用Docker构建LNMP环境并运行Wordpress网站平台。
（2）限制nginx容器最多使用500Mb的内存和1G的Swap。
（3）限制mysql容器写 /dev/sda 的速率为 10 MB/s。
（4）将所有容器进行快照，然后将Docker镜像打包成tar包备份到本地。
二.部署
2.1 安装docker源
[root@docker ~]# yum install -y yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2 #安装所需的包
[root@docker ~]# yum-config-manager --add-repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo #添加阿里云的源
2.2 安装docker
[root@docker ~]# yum install -y docker-ce #安装社区版docker
[root@docker ~]# systemctl enable docker #开机自启
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/docker.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service.
[root@docker ~]# systemctl start docker #启动
2.3 创建nginx-php 、mysq目录
[root@docker ~]# mkdir docker && cd docker
创建创建nginx-php 、mysql目录
mkdir nignx mysql
2.4 Docker部署nginx-php
①上传nginx-1.12.2.tar.gz、wordpress-4.9.4-zh_CN.tar、libmcrypt-2.5.7.tar.gz、nginx.conf、wp-config.php到nginx/目录，解压
[root@docker nginx]#tar zxvf wordpress-4.9.4-zh_CN.tar
[root@docker nginx]#tar zxvf nginx-1.12.2.tar.gz
[root@docker nginx]#tar zxvf libmcrypt-2.5.7.tar.gz
[root@docker nginx]#tar zxvf php-5.5.38.tar.gz
②创建nginx-dockfile
[root@docker docker]# cd nginx
[root@docker nginx]# vim Dockerfile
FROM docker.io/centos:7
RUN yum -y update
RUN yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ openssl-devel openssl autoconf cmake autoconf zlib zlib-devel libtool pcre pcre-devel wget net-tools make
RUN groupadd -g 900 nginx && useradd nginx -g nginx -s /sbin/nologin
ADD nginx-1.12.2 nginx-1.12.2
RUN cd /nginx-1.12.2/ && make && make install
RUN ln -s /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx /usr/local/sbin/
RUN sed -i '1afastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;' /usr/local/nginx/conf/fastcgi_params
ADD nginx.conf /usr/local/nginx/conf/
ADD wordpress /usr/local/nginx/html/wordpress
ADD wp-config.php /usr/local/nginx/html/wordpress
RUN yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ libxml2-devel libcurl-devel openssl-devel bzip2-devel openssl automake make autoconf libtool zlib-devel make pcre-devel wget net-tools
ADD libmcrypt-2.5.7 libmcrypt-2.5.7
RUN cd libmcrypt-2.5.7/&& ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libmcrypt && make && make install
ADD php-5.5.38 php-5.5.38
RUN cd php-5.5.38/ && ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php5.5 --with-mysql=mysqlnd --with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd --with-mysqli=mysqlnd --with-openssl --enable-fpm --enable-sockets --enable-sysvshm --enable-mbstring --with-freetype-dir --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-zlib --with-libxml-dir=/usr --enable-xml --with-mhash --with-mcrypt=/usr/local/libmcrypt --with-config-file-path=/etc --with-config-file-scan-dir=/etc/php.d --with-bz2 --enable-maintainer-zts && make && make install
RUN cd php-5.5.38 && cp php.ini-production /etc/php.ini
RUN cd /php-5.5.38 && cp sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/init.d/php-fpm
RUN chmod +x /etc/init.d/php-fpm && chkconfig --add php-fpm && chkconfig php-fpm on
RUN cp /usr/local/php5.5/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /usr/local/php5.5/etc/php-fpm.conf
RUN sed -i 's*;pid = run/php-fpm.pid*pid = run/php-fpm.pid*g' /usr/local/php5.5/etc/php-fpm.conf
RUN sed -i 's/user = nobody/user = nginx/g' /usr/local/php5.5/etc/php-fpm.conf
RUN sed -i 's/group = nobody/group = nginx/g' /usr/local/php5.5/etc/php-fpm.conf
RUN sed -i 's/pm.max_children = 5/pm.max_children = 50/g' /usr/local/php5.5/etc/php-fpm.conf
RUN sed -i 's/pm.start_servers = 2/pm.start_servers = 5/g' /usr/local/php5.5/etc/php-fpm.conf
RUN sed -i 's/pm.min_spare_servers = 1/pm.min_spare_servers = 5/g' /usr/local/php5.5/etc/php-fpm.conf
RUN sed -i 's/pm.max_spare_servers = 3/pm.max_spare_servers = 30/g' /usr/local/php5.5/etc/php-fpm.conf
EXPOSE 9000
EXPOSE 80
③部署nginx-php
[root@docker nginx]# docker build -t "centos:nginx-php" . #构建nginx-php镜像
#需要几分钟
Successfully built 07a4acbb016b
Successfully tagged centos:nginx-php
[root@docker nginx]# docker images #列出镜像
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
centos nginx-php 07a4acbb016b 57 seconds ago 1.52GB
centos 7 8652b9f0cb4c 9 months ago 204MB
[root@docker nginx]# docker run -dit -p 80:80 -m 500m --memory-swap 1G 07a4acbb016b /bin/bash #容器能使用的内存和交换分区大小
cebe2bd3cbd0924c221c9eb423054ebafb04541c245df90c63b4b0bf92dccee7
[root@docker nginx]# docker ps #查看当前运行容器
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
cebe2bd3cbd0 07a4acbb016b "/bin/bash" About a minute ago Up About a minute 0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp, :::80->80/tcp, 9000/tcp dazzling_buck
[root@docker nginx]# docker exec -itcebe2bd3cbd0 /bin/bash #进入容器
[root@073de131844d /]# nginx #开启服务
[root@cebe2bd3cbd0 /]# /etc/init.d/php-fpm start #启动php
Starting php-fpm done
[root@cebe2bd3cbd0 /]# netstat -antp | grep nginx
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:80 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 32/nginx: master pr
[root@cebe2bd3cbd0 /]# netstat -antp | grep php
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:9000 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 50/php-fpm: master
[root@073de131844d /]# exit
exit
2.5 Docker部署mysql
①创建mysql-Dockerfile
[root@docker mysql]# vim /root/docker/mysql/Dockerfile
FROM docker.io/centos:7
RUN yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ make autoconf make cmake wget
RUN groupadd mysql; useradd -r -M -u 3306 -s /sbin/nologin -g mysql mysql
RUN mkdir /usr/local/mysql; mkdir /data/mysql -pv
RUN yum install gcc gcc-c++ ncurses-devel bison bison-devel -y
RUN wget -c http://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.6/mysql-5.6.29.tar.gz
RUN tar xf mysql-5.6.29.tar.gz -C /usr/local/src/
WORKDIR /usr/local/src/mysql-5.6.29
RUN cmake . -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/data/mysql -DSYSCONFDIR=/etc -DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306 -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 -DWITH_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 -DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci -DWITH-MYSQLD-LDFLAGS=-all-static -DWITH-CLIENT-LD-FLAGS=-all-static -DWITH_DEBUG=0 && gmake && gmake install
RUN chown -R root:mysql /usr/local/mysql/ && chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql
RUN chmod 755 /usr/local/src/mysql-5.6.29/scripts/mysql_install_db.sh
RUN /usr/local/src/mysql-5.6.29/scripts/mysql_install_db.sh --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql --no-defaults --user=mysql
RUN cp /usr/local/src/mysql-5.6.29/support-files/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf
RUN cp /usr/local/src/mysql-5.6.29/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
RUN chmod 775 /etc/init.d/mysqld && /etc/init.d/mysqld start
RUN echo -e '#!/bin/bash\\nexport PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin' >/etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
RUN source /etc/profile
EXPOSE 3306
[root@docker mysql]# docker build -t "centos:mysql-5.6" . //构建镜像
Successfully built e18ad22fb1cf
Successfully tagged centos:mysql-5.6
[root@docker mysql]# docker run -dit -p 3306:3306 --device-write-bps /dev/sda:10M e18ad22fb1cf /bin/bash //限制Mysql容器写 /dev/sda 的速率为 10 MB/s
178a24f5758825fa5ec538a55706640de7d08af23a5b16cd2e85b1238ccacd31
[root@docker mysql]# docker ps //列出当前容器
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
178a24f57588 e18ad22fb1cf "/bin/bash" About a minute ago Up About a minute 0.0.0.0:3306->3306/tcp, :::3306->3306/tcp determined_lamport
cebe2bd3cbd0 07a4acbb016b "/bin/bash" 39 minutes ago Up 39 minutes 0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp, :::80->80/tcp, 9000/tcp dazzling_buck
[root@docker mysql]# docker exec -it 178a24f57588 /bin/bash //进入容器
[root@178a24f57588 mysql-5.6.29]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start //启动mysql
Starting MySQL............ SUCCESS!
②修改密码、进入数据库、授权
修改密码，第一行默认密码（无）第二、第三行新密码
mysqladmin -u root -p password
（第一行直接敲回车）
123456
123456
授权
Confirm new password:
[root@178a24f57588 mysql-5.6.29]# mysql -uroot -p123456 //进入数据库
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \\g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.6.29 Source distribution
Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\\h' for help. Type '\\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> create database wordpress default charset utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci; //创建wordpress表
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> grant all privileges on wordpress.* to 'wordpress'@'%' identified by '123456' with grant option; //授权
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> flush privileges; //刷新权限生效
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> exit //退出数据库
Bye
[root@178a24f57588 mysql-5.6.29]# exit //退出容器
exit
[root@docker_lnmp wp-admin]# docker inspect --format='{{.NetworkSettings.IPAddress}}' 178a24f57588
172.17.0.3
###可查看容器内应用的ip，如果出现数据库连接错误，进去Nginx容器修改/usr/local/nginx/html/wordpress/wp-config.php中的IP地址
#[root@docker_lnmp wp-admin]# docker exec -it cebe2bd3cbd0 /bin/bash
#[root@cebe2bd3cbd0 /]# vi /usr/local/nginx/html/wordpress/wp-config.php
2.6 测试访问网页wordpress
http://192.168.80.4/wordpress/index.php
三.备份恢复
①将所有容器快照
[root@docker_lnmp nginx]# docker images //查看镜像
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
centos mysql-5.6 e18ad22fb1cf 2 hours ago 5.24GB
centos nginx-php 07a4acbb016b 3 hours ago 1.52GB
centos 7 8652b9f0cb4c 9 months ago 204MB
[root@docker_lnmp nginx]# docker ps //查看容器
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
178a24f57588 e18ad22fb1cf "/bin/bash" 2 hours ago Up 2 hours 0.0.0.0:3306->3306/tcp, :::3306->3306/tcp determined_lamport
cebe2bd3cbd0 07a4acbb016b "/bin/bash" 3 hours ago Up 3 hours 0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp, :::80->80/tcp, 9000/tcp dazzling_buck
②将镜像保存成tar包
③删除容器和镜像
④恢复
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