Go语言结构体

Posted 2021-09-20 鸿渐之翼

Go 语言中数组可以存储同一类型的数据，但在结构体中我们可以为不同项定义不同的数据类型。Go语言结构体与C语言相似伪代码如下参考：

定义结构体

type struct_variable_type struct {
   member definition
   member definition
   ...
   member definition
}

实例：

package main

import "fmt"

type Books struct {
   title string
   author string
   subject string
   book_id int
}


func main() {


    fmt.Println(Books{"hello", "hello", "Hello", 123456})


    fmt.Println(Books{title: "Go language", author: "hello world", subject: "Go ", book_id: 12345678})


   fmt.Println(Books{title: "Go language", author: "hello world"})
}

访问结构体成员

package main

import "fmt"

type Books struct {
   title string
   author string
   subject string
   book_id int
}

func main() {
   var Book1 Books        /* 声明 Book1 为 Books 类型 */
   var Book2 Books        /* 声明 Book2 为 Books 类型 */


   Book1.title = "Go language"
   Book1.author = "hello world"
   Book1.subject = "Go langugage"
   Book1.book_id = 100000


   Book2.title = "C"
   Book2.author = "hello world"
   Book2.subject = "C language"
   Book2.book_id = 200000


   fmt.Printf( "Book 1 title : %s\\n", Book1.title)
   fmt.Printf( "Book 1 author : %s\\n", Book1.author)
   fmt.Printf( "Book 1 subject : %s\\n", Book1.subject)
   fmt.Printf( "Book 1 book_id : %d\\n", Book1.book_id)


   fmt.Printf( "Book 2 title : %s\\n", Book2.title)
   fmt.Printf( "Book 2 author : %s\\n", Book2.author)
   fmt.Printf( "Book 2 subject : %s\\n", Book2.subject)
   fmt.Printf( "Book 2 book_id : %d\\n", Book2.book_id)
}

结构体指针

Go语言结构体指针定义伪码：

var struct_pointer *Books
struct_pointer = &Book1
struct_pointer.title

实例：

package main

import "fmt"

type Books struct {
   title string
   author string
   subject string
   book_id int
}

func main() {
   var Book1 Books        /* 声明 Book1 为 Books 类型 */
   var Book2 Books        /* 声明 Book2 为 Books 类型 */


   Book1.title = "Go"
   Book1.author = "hello world"
   Book1.subject = "Go language"
   Book1.book_id = 123456

   Book2.title = "C"
   Book2.author = "hello world"
   Book2.subject = "C language"
   Book2.book_id = 1234567


   printBook(&Book1)


   printBook(&Book2)
}
func printBook( book *Books ) {
   fmt.Printf( "Book title : %s\\n", book.title)
   fmt.Printf( "Book author : %s\\n", book.author)
   fmt.Printf( "Book subject : %s\\n", book.subject)
   fmt.Printf( "Book book_id : %d\\n", book.book_id)
}