FlutterFlutter 混合开发 ( Flutter 与 Native 通信 | Android 端实现 EventChannel 通信 )

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前言

本博客与 【Flutter】Flutter 混合开发 ( Flutter 与 Native 通信 | 在 Flutter 端实现 EventChannel 通信 ) 博客相对应 , 该博客中开发 Flutter 的 Dart 端 ;

本博客中开发 android 中的 Java 端 , 最终目标是二者可以进行信息交流 ;





一、Android 端 EventChannel 构造函数



Android 端 Java 中 , EventChannel 构造函数方法原型如下 :

public final class EventChannel {
  private static final String TAG = "EventChannel#";

  private final BinaryMessenger messenger;
  private final String name;
  private final MethodCodec codec;

  /**
   * Creates a new channel associated with the specified {@link BinaryMessenger} and with the
   * specified name and the standard {@link MethodCodec}.
   *
   * @param messenger a {@link BinaryMessenger}.
   * @param name a channel name String.
   */
  public EventChannel(BinaryMessenger messenger, String name) {
    this(messenger, name, StandardMethodCodec.INSTANCE);
  }

  /**
   * Creates a new channel associated with the specified {@link BinaryMessenger} and with the
   * specified name and {@link MethodCodec}.
   *
   * @param messenger a {@link BinaryMessenger}.
   * @param name a channel name String.
   * @param codec a {@link MessageCodec}.
   */
  public EventChannel(BinaryMessenger messenger, String name, MethodCodec codec) {
    if (BuildConfig.DEBUG) {
      if (messenger == null) {
        Log.e(TAG, "Parameter messenger must not be null.");
      }
      if (name == null) {
        Log.e(TAG, "Parameter name must not be null.");
      }
      if (codec == null) {
        Log.e(TAG, "Parameter codec must not be null.");
      }
    }
    this.messenger = messenger;
    this.name = name;
    this.codec = codec;
  }
}

BasicMessageChannel 接收 3 3 3 个参数 :

  • BinaryMessenger messenger : 用于 发送 / 接收消息 ;
  • String name : Channel 消息通道的名称 , 该名称必须与 Dart 中的消息通道名称相同 ;
  • MethodCodec codec : 方法编解码器 ;

如果使用 EventChannel(BinaryMessenger messenger, String name) 构造函数 , 不传入 MethodCodec , 那么会传入 标准的方法编解码器 StandardMethodCodec ;





二、Android 端 setStreamHandler 方法



创建了 EventChannel 实例对象后 , 如果要接收 Dart 端发送来的消息 , 需要设置 消息处理器 ;

调用 setStreamHandler 方法 , 可以为 EventChannel 设置一个 消息处理器 ;


EventChannel.setStreamHandler 函数原型如下 :

  /**
   * Registers a stream handler on this channel.
   *
   * <p>Overrides any existing handler registration for (the name of) this channel.
   *
   * <p>If no handler has been registered, any incoming stream setup requests will be handled
   * silently by providing an empty stream.
   *
   * @param handler a {@link StreamHandler}, or null to deregister.
   */
  @UiThread
  public void setStreamHandler(final StreamHandler handler) {
    messenger.setMessageHandler(
        name, handler == null ? null : new IncomingStreamRequestHandler(handler));
  }

设置的 final @Nullable StreamHandler handler 参数 , 就是 消息处理器 ;

在 StreamHandler 接口中 , 定义了两个接口方法 : onListen 和 onCancel 方法 ;

void onListen(Object arguments, EventSink events) : 用于接收 Dart 端所发送的消息 ;

  • Object arguments 参数 : Dart 端发送的数据 ;
  • EventSink events 参数 : Android 中收到了 Dart 端数据 , 要回调 Dart 时回调的函数 ;

StreamHandler 接口原型如下 :

  /**
   * Handler of stream setup and teardown requests.
   *
   * <p>Implementations must be prepared to accept sequences of alternating calls to {@link
   * #onListen(Object, EventSink)} and {@link #onCancel(Object)}. Implementations should ideally
   * consume no resources when the last such call is not {@code onListen}. In typical situations,
   * this means that the implementation should register itself with platform-specific event sources
   * {@code onListen} and deregister again {@code onCancel}.
   */
  public interface StreamHandler {
    /**
     * Handles a request to set up an event stream.
     *
     * <p>Any uncaught exception thrown by this method will be caught by the channel implementation
     * and logged. An error result message will be sent back to Flutter.
     *
     * @param arguments stream configuration arguments, possibly null.
     * @param events an {@link EventSink} for emitting events to the Flutter receiver.
     */
    void onListen(Object arguments, EventSink events);

    /**
     * Handles a request to tear down the most recently created event stream.
     *
     * <p>Any uncaught exception thrown by this method will be caught by the channel implementation
     * and logged. An error result message will be sent back to Flutter.
     *
     * <p>The channel implementation may call this method with null arguments to separate a pair of
     * two consecutive set up requests. Such request pairs may occur during Flutter hot restart. Any
     * uncaught exception thrown in this situation will be logged without notifying Flutter.
     *
     * @param arguments stream configuration arguments, possibly null.
     */
    void onCancel(Object arguments);
  }

EventSink 接口中 , 有 3 3 3 个方法 :

  • success : 表示接收数据成功 ;
  • error : 表示接收数据出现错误 ;
  • endOfStream : 表示接收数据结束 ;
  /**
   * Event callback. Supports dual use: Producers of events to be sent to Flutter act as clients of
   * this interface for sending events. Consumers of events sent from Flutter implement this
   * interface for handling received events (the latter facility has not been implemented yet).
   */
  public interface EventSink {
    /**
     * Consumes a successful event.
     *
     * @param event the event, possibly null.
     */
    void success(Object event);

    /**
     * Consumes an error event.
     *
     * @param errorCode an error code String.
     * @param errorMessage a human-readable error message String, possibly null.
     * @param errorDetails error details, possibly null
     */
    void error(String errorCode, String errorMessage, Object errorDetails);

    /**
     * Consumes end of stream. Ensuing calls to {@link #success(Object)} or {@link #error(String,
     * String, Object)}, if any, are ignored.
     */
    void endOfStream();
  }




三、Android 端实现 EventChannel 通信步骤



Android 端实现 EventChannel 通信步骤 :

首先 , 初始化 EventChannel 实例对象 ;

// 初始化 EventChannel 实例对象
EventChannel mEventChannel = new EventChannel(
        mFlutterFragment.getFlutterEngine().getDartExecutor(),
        "EventChannel");

然后 , 为 EventChannel 实例对象设置 EventChannel.StreamHandler ;

mEventChannel.setStreamHandler(new EventChannel.StreamHandler() {
    /**
     * 事件流建立成功会回调该方法
     * @param arguments
     * @param events
     */
    @Override
    public void onListen(Object arguments, EventChannel.EventSink events) {
        mEventSink = events;
        Log.i(TAG, "事件流建立成功");
    }
    
    @Override
    public void onCancel(Object arguments) {
        mEventSink = null;
    }
});

最后 , 调用 EventChannel.EventSink 的 success 方法 , 向 Flutter 端发送数据 ;

findViewById(R.id.channel2).setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
    @Override
    public void onClick(View v) {
        Log.i(TAG, "Native 通过 EventChannel 通道发送消息 , mEventSink : " + mEventSink);
        // 点击按钮 , 向 Flutter 端发送数据
        if (mEventSink != null) {
            mEventSink.success("Native 通过 EventChannel 通道发送消息 Hello !");
        }
    }
});

注意 : 这里要特别注意 , Android 与 Flutter 中 EventChannel 的初始化流程 , 先初始化 Android 中的 EventChannel , 再初始化 Flutter 中的 EventChannel , 如果顺序不对 , 无法进行通信 ;

【错误记录】Flutter 混合开发报错 ( Android 端与 Flutter 端 EventChannel 初始化顺序错误导致无法通信 | EventChannel 通信流程 )





四、 Android 端与 Flutter 端 EventChannel 注册与监听流程



Android 端与 Flutter 端 EventChannel 注册与监听流程 :

① Android 端 初始化 EventChannel ;

// 初始化 EventChannel 实例对象
mEventChannel = new EventChannel(
        mFlutterFragment.getFlutterEngine().getDartExecutor(),
        "EventChannel");

② Android 端为 EventChannel 设置 EventChannel.StreamHandler ;

mEventChannel.setStreamHandler(new EventChannel.StreamHandler() {
    /**
     * 事件流建立成功会回调该方法
     * @param arguments
     * @param events
     */
    @Override
    public void onListen(Object arguments, EventChannel.EventSink events) {
        mEventSink = events;
        Log.i(TAG, "事件流建立成功");
    }
    @Override
    public void onCancel(Object arguments) {
        mEventSink = null;
    }
});

③ Flutter 端注册监听 ;

// 注册 EventChannel 监听
_streamSubscription = _eventChannel
    .receiveBroadcastStream()
/// StreamSubscription<T> listen(void onData(T event)?,
///   {Function? onError, void onDone()?, bool? cancelOnError});
    .listen(
  /// EventChannel 接收到 Native 信息后 , 回调的方法
        (message) {
      print("Flutter _eventChannel listen 回调");
      setState(() {
        /// 接收到消息 , 显示在界面中
        showMessage = message;
      });
    },
    onError: (error){
      print("Flutter _eventChannel listen 出错");
      print(error);
    }
);

④ Android 端的 EventChannel.StreamHandler 接口的 onListen 回调 , 此时可以在 Android 端持有 EventChannel.EventSink events , 可以借助该对象向 Flutter 发送数据 ;

/**
 * 事件流建立成功会回调该方法
 * @param arguments
 * @param events
 */
@Override
public void onListen(Object arguments, EventChannel.EventSink events) {
    mEventSink = events;
    Log.i(TAG, "事件流建立成功");
}

⑥ Android 端调用 EventChannel.EventSink 发送数据 ;

// 点击按钮 , 向 Flutter 端发送数据
if (mEventSink != null) {
    mEventSink.success("Native 通过 EventChannel 通道发送消息 Hello !");
}

⑦ Flutter 端接收到 Android 端发送的数据 ; 回调 listen 方法的如下匿名方法参数 ;

(message) {
  print("Flutter _eventChannel listen 回调");
  setState(() {
    /// 接收到消息 , 显示在界面中
    showMessage = message;
  });

上述流程 , 必须按照顺序执行 , 否则注册监听失败 ;





五、相关资源



参考资料 :


重要的专题 :


博客源码下载 :

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