OpenStack--Keystone组件部署
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目录
Keyston身份服务简介
1、主要功能
- 身份认证：对用户进行身份认证，并对应权限范围
- 用户授权(令牌管理权限)：以token令牌的方式标识用户对应拥有的权限范围
- 用户管理(寻址功能)：提供用户访问资源的寻址功能(URL)
- 服务目录：所有服务的交互/调用，均需要keyston进行认证
2、管理对象
- User：指使用Openstack service的用户，nova glance(跑在OpenStack里面，是需要一个用户进行管理的)
- Project(Tenant)：可以理解为一个人或服务所拥有的资源集合
- Role：用于划分权限，通过给User指定Role, 使User获得Role对应操作权限
- Authentication：确定用户身份的过程
- Token：是一个字符串表示，作为访问资源的令牌。Token包含了在指定范围和有效时间内可以被访问的资源
- Credentials：用于确认用户身份的凭证，用户的用户名和密码，或者是用户名和API密钥,或者身份管理服务提供的认证令牌。
- Service Openstack service, 即Openstack中运行的组件服务。如nova、swift、glance、 neutron、 cinder等
- Endpoint：一个可以通过网络来访问和定位某个Openstack service的地址,通常是一个URL(即apache的api (位置点))
3、keystone认证过程
- user 登陆（keystone 认证）
- user 进入控制台/命令行界面（位置点）
- user 发起创建虚拟的请求（向keystone认证指引位置点）
- 请求到达nova组件（向keystone认证 ）
- nova会开始执行请求，并且调用创建实例所需要的glance、neutron等资源（向keystone
认证，指引对应服务的位置点） - glance和neutron 服务收到请求后（向keystone认证）才会给与nova对应的资源
- nova 拿到资源后，调用对应资源，创建实例，最后将创建结果返回给用户
一、创建数据库实例和数据库用户
[root@ct ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456 //登录到数据库，生产环境最好不要直接将密码直接输出
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \\g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 10
Server version: 10.3.20-MariaDB MariaDB Server
Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.
Type 'help;' or '\\h' for help. Type '\\c' to clear the current input statement.
MariaDB [(none)]> show databases; //查看所有库
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
+--------------------+
3 rows in set (0.002 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> create database keystone; //创建keystone库
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.001 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> grant all privileges on keystone.* to 'keystone'@'localhost' identified by 'KEYSTONE_DBPASS'; //给keystone用户提权（keystone库的所有权限）
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.001 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> grant all privileges on keystone.* to 'keystone'@'%' identified by 'KEYSTONE_DBPASS';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.001 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> flush privileges; //刷新权限表，立即生效
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.001 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> show grants for keystone; //查看keystone用户的权限
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Grants for keystone@% |
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| GRANT USAGE ON *.* TO 'keystone'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY PASSWORD '*442DFE587A8B6BE1E9538855E8187C1EFB863A73' |
| GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON `keystone`.* TO 'keystone'@'%' |
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
2 rows in set (0.000 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]>
二、安装、配置keystone、数据库、Apache
1.安装keystone、apache
[root@ct ~]# yum -y install openstack-keystone httpd mod_wsgi
已加载插件：fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirrors.cn99.com
* centos-ceph-nautilus: mirrors.cn99.com
* centos-nfs-ganesha28: mirrors.aliyun.com
* centos-openstack-train: mirrors.huaweicloud.com
* centos-qemu-ev: mirrors.aliyun.com
* extras: mirrors.cn99.com
* updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
软件包 1:openstack-keystone-16.0.2-1.el7.noarch 已安装并且是最新版本
软件包 httpd-2.4.6-97.el7.centos.x86_64 已安装并且是最新版本
软件包 mod_wsgi-3.4-18.el7.x86_64 已安装并且是最新版本 //让apache能够代理python程序的组件
无须任何处理
[root@ct ~]#
2.配置keystone
[root@ct ~]# cp -a /etc/keystone/keystone.conf{,.bak} //将配置文件备份
[root@ct ~]# grep -Ev "^$|#" /etc/keystone/keystone.conf.bak > /etc/keystone/keystone.conf //过滤出不以$或#开头的行并覆盖配置文件文件
[root@ct ~]# openstack-config --set /etc/keystone/keystone.conf database connection mysql+pymysql://keystone:KEYSTONE_DBPASS@ct/keystone //通过pymysql模块连接mysql。指定用户名密码、数据库的域名、数据库名
[root@ct ~]# cat /etc/keystone/keystone.conf
[database]
connection = mysql+pymysql://keystone:KEYSTONE_DBPASS@ct/keystone
[root@ct ~]# openstack-config --set /etc/keystone/keystone.conf token provider fernet //指定token传递者的消息传递模式
[root@ct ~]# cat /etc/keystone/keystone.conf
3.初始化数据库
[root@ct ~]# su -s /bin/sh -c "keystone-manage db_sync" keystone //使用keystone的身份切换环境来执行操作
[root@ct ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \\g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 12
Server version: 10.3.20-MariaDB MariaDB Server
Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.
Type 'help;' or '\\h' for help. Type '\\c' to clear the current input statement.
MariaDB [(none)]> use keystone
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Database changed
MariaDB [keystone]> show tables;
+------------------------------------+
| Tables_in_keystone |
+------------------------------------+
| access_rule |
| access_token |
| application_credential |
| application_credential_access_rule |
| application_credential_role |
| assignment |
| config_register |
| consumer |
| credential |
| endpoint |
| endpoint_group |
| federated_user |
| federation_protocol |
| group |
| id_mapping |
| identity_provider |
| idp_remote_ids |
| implied_role |
| limit |
| local_user |
| mapping |
| migrate_version |
| nonlocal_user |
| password |
| policy |
| policy_association |
| project |
| project_endpoint |
| project_endpoint_group |
| project_option |
| project_tag |
| region |
| registered_limit |
| request_token |
| revocation_event |
| role |
| role_option |
| sensitive_config |
| service |
| service_provider |
| system_assignment |
| token |
| trust |
| trust_role |
| user |
| user_group_membership |
| user_option |
| whitelisted_config |
+------------------------------------+
48 rows in set (0.000 sec)
4.初始化fernet密钥存储库
[root@ct ~]# keystone-manage fernet_setup --keystone-user keystone --keystone-group keystone //生成密钥文件
[root@ct ~]# keystone-manage credential_setup --keystone-user keystone --keystone-group keystone //生成凭证文件
[root@ct ~]# ls /etc/keystone/
credential-keys fernet-keys keystone.conf.bak policy.json
default_catalog.templates keystone.conf logging.conf sso_callback_template.html
[root@ct ~]#
5.配置bootstrap身份认证服务
初始化openstack，会把openstack的admin用户的信息写入到mysql的user表中，以及url等其他信息写入到mysql的相关表中
[root@ct ~]# keystone-manage bootstrap --bootstrap-password ADMIN_PASS \\
> --bootstrap-admin-url http://ct:5000/v3/ \\
> --bootstrap-internal-url http://ct:5000/v3/ \\
> --bootstrap-public-url http://ct:5000/v3/ \\
> --bootstrap-region-id RegionOne
6.配置apache服务器
[root@ct ~]# echo "ServerName controller" >> /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
[root@ct ~]# ln -s /usr/share/keystone/wsgi-keystone.conf /etc/httpd/conf.d/ //让apache调用wsgi
[root@ct ~]# systemctl enable httpd //开机启动
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/httpd.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service.
[root@ct ~]# systemctl start httpd //启动httpd
7.配置管理员账户的环境变量
[root@ct ~]# cat >> ~/.bashrc << EOF
> export OS_USERNAME=admin
> export OS_PASSWORD=ADMIN_PASS
> export OS_PROJECT_NAME=admin
> export OS_USER_DOMAIN_NAME=Default
> export OS_PROJECT_DOMAIN_NAME=Default
> export OS_AUTH_URL=http://ct:5000/v3
> export OS_IDENTITY_API_VERSION=3
> export OS_IMAGE_API_VERSION=2
> EOF
[root@ct ~]# source .bashrc
8.查看当前所有用户列表
[root@ct ~]# openstack user list
+----------------------------------+-------+
| ID | Name |
+----------------------------------+-------+
| 3ca7f7442b954e028c6b46152dccfc46 | admin |
+----------------------------------+-------+
[root@ct ~]#
三、创建OpenStack 域、项目、用户和角色
1.创建一个项目
[root@ct ~]# openstack project create --domain default --description "Service Project" service //创建在指定的domain（域）中，指定描述信息，project名称为service
+-------------+----------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+-------------+----------------------------------+
| description | Service Project |
| domain_id | default |
| enabled | True |
| id | 784ed99e838e4375aa8f092941908b53 |
| is_domain | False |
| name | service |
| options | {} |
| parent_id | default |
| tags | [] |
+-------------+----------------------------------+
[root@ct ~]# openstack domain list //查看指定域
+---------+---------+---------+--------------------+
| ID | Name | Enabled | Description |
+---------+---------+---------+--------------------+
| default | Default | True | The default domain |
+---------+---------+---------+--------------------+
[root@ct ~]#
2.创建角色
[root@ct ~]# openstack role create user
+-------------+----------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+-------------+----------------------------------+
| description | None |
| domain_id | None |
| id | 42ef7ca8401c415d8dfa3e3ae469c7eb |
| name | user |
| options | {} |
+-------------+----------------------------------+
[root@ct ~]# openstack role list //查看角色列表
+----------------------------------+--------+
| ID | Name |
+----------------------------------+--------+
| 42ef7ca8401c415d8dfa3e3ae469c7eb | user | //用户
| 556b53c2942d4901840b28233c48d3c7 | admin | //管理员
| 65f0dd93c4b24825a16a059de8e63874 | member | //租户
| d446535751c5421890fed29161280e65 | reader |
+----------------------------------+--------+
[root@ct ~]#
3.验证认证服务
[root@ct ~]# openstack token issue
+------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| expires | 2021-08-23T11:41:57+0000 |
| id | gAAAAABhI3t1u3wY06pqe-gz7o9MUqN_uIRd0WsXFaFb6x_SKwRLT2IZcFObuGEHD2VW_ZmsYWE4PU9JygMuWgYOwbXAMvAMqRyU-onTbKiO-7vOjKJbxsmLU3IHMvJ2roKG6UQ3XlqZaBuh0eG3tlCGLmU1Y2Ph3cfbZHo8CsuiwXJ5W_cTwso |
| project_id | cdf2831522724a8b91c8b7e57bd84516 |
| user_id | 3ca7f7442b954e028c6b46152dccfc46 |
+------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
[root@ct ~]#
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