docker nginx 和 images 的练习(centos 和 Ubuntu的操作步骤)-爆肝通宵也值得!

Posted 2021-09-09 未末0902

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docker nginx 和 images 的练习(centos 和 Ubuntu的操作步骤)

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前言

提示：这里可以添加本文要记录的大概内容：
接上一篇的小练习啦:
nginx 和 nginx 配置

大家动手敲一敲哈>–<

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提示：以下是本篇文章正文内容，下面案例可供参考

一、nginx 操作练习:

练习：
1.下载redis的镜像
2.下载nginx的镜像
3.启动3个nginx的容器，名字叫sc-nginx-cali-1~3，映射的端口号不要一样
docker run --name sc-nginx-1 -d -p 8081:80 nginx
docker run --name sc-nginx-2 -d -p 8082:80 nginx
docker run --name sc-nginx-3 -d -p 80832:80 nginx
4.查看你的机器里的所有的docker镜像
5.停止下sc-nginx-cali-1容器
6.再次启动下sc-nginx-cali-1容器
7.删除sc-nginx-cali-2~3容器
8.查看docker版本
9.查找下mongodb的镜像，不下载

示例：pandas 是基于NumPy 的一种工具，该工具是为了解决数据分析任务而创建的。

二、实验具体操作:

1.步骤:

docker create --》静态的容器

[root@sc-docker web]# docker create --name sc-zhengbo-3 -v /web:/usr/share/nginx/html:ro  -p 8092:80  daocloud.io/nginx
b874459462b283aba813b9b7e6cf77f330d53728e43a04587b63c44682f31d60  --》容器的唯一标识  id
[root@sc-docker web]#

[root@sc-docker web]# docker create --name sc-zhengbo-3 -v /web:/usr/share/nginx/html:ro  -p 8092:80  daocloud.io/nginx
b874459462b283aba813b9b7e6cf77f330d53728e43a04587b63c44682f31d60
[root@sc-docker web]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED          STATUS                      PORTS     NAMES
b874459462b2   daocloud.io/nginx   "/docker-entrypoint.…"   54 seconds ago   Created                               sc-zhengbo-3
ae1489fbf5a8   daocloud.io/nginx   "/docker-entrypoint.…"   3 minutes ago    Created                               sc-zhengbo-2
ba25850f3254   daocloud.io/nginx   "/docker-entrypoint.…"   6 minutes ago    Exited (0) 5 minutes ago              sc-zhengbo-1
4fec16d613f1   daocloud.io/nginx   "/docker-entrypoint.…"   4 hours ago      Exited (0) 46 minutes ago             sc-nginx-4
f7ae38be6dc6   daocloud.io/nginx   "/docker-entrypoint.…"   4 hours ago      Exited (0) 46 minutes ago             sc-nginx-3
[root@sc-docker web]# cat /etc/passwd|grep root
root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash
operator:x:11:0:operator:/root:/sbin/nologin
[root@sc-docker web]#

exec 进入容器的内部
-it 开启一个交互式的终端进入容器里面，运行/bin/bash

cali@sanchuang-server:~$ sudo docker exec -it sc-nginx-2 /bin/bash
root@8467c45cf176:/# hostname
8467c45cf176
root@8467c45cf176:/# cat /etc/issue
Debian GNU/Linux 10 \\n \\l

root@8467c45cf176:/# ip add
bash: ip: command not found
root@8467c45cf176:/# ls
bin   dev		   docker-entrypoint.sh  home  lib64  mnt  proc  run   srv  tmp  var
boot  docker-entrypoint.d  etc			 lib   media  opt  root  sbin  sys  usr
root@8467c45cf176:/# mkdir feng
root@8467c45cf176:/# ls
bin   dev		   docker-entrypoint.sh  feng  lib    media  opt   root  sbin  sys  usr
boot  docker-entrypoint.d  etc			 home  lib64  mnt    proc  run	 srv   tmp  var
root@8467c45cf176:/# vim
bash: vim: command not found
root@8467c45cf176:/#

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2.问题:进入容器里后，为什么很多的命令不能使用？

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1.启动mysql的容器*

docker run --name sc-mysql-1 -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=my-secret-pw -d mysql:tag

-e  宿主机往容器里传递环境变量  environment
MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD 是变量名
my-secret-pw 变量的值


docker run --name sc-mysql-1 -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD='sc123456' -d -p 3306:3306  mysql:5.7.35

centos

yum  install  mariadb  mariadb-server
mariadb 是客户端的软件包
mariadb-server 是服务器的软件包

ubuntu

apt install mariadb-server  安装mariadb-server软件包，会自动安装mysql的客户端的命令


cali@sanchuang-server:~$ sudo ps aux|grep mysql
mysql      19361  0.1  1.9 1711320 79832 ?       Ssl  08:47   0:00 /usr/sbin/mysqld
cali       20821  0.0  0.0   6432   668 pts/0    S+   08:54   0:00 grep --color=auto mysql
cali@sanchuang-server:~$ sudo ss -anplut|grep mysql
tcp    LISTEN  0       80                 127.0.0.1:3306          0.0.0.0:*      users:(("mysqld",pid=19361,fd=21))
cali@sanchuang-server:~$ sudo service mariadb stop  关闭mariadb服务

cali@sanchuang-server:~$ sudo ss -anplut|grep mysql
cali@sanchuang-server:~$

cali@sanchuang-server:~$ sudo mysql -uroot -psc123456 -h 192.168.0.19  访问本机ip地址的mysql
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \\g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.35 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.

Type 'help;' or '\\h' for help. Type '\\c' to clear the current input statement.

MySQL [(none)]>exit

在Ubuntu里启用root用户

cali@sanchuang-server:~$  sudo passwd root
New password:
Retype new password:
passwd: password updated successfully
cali@sanchuang-server:~$ su root
Password:
root@sanchuang-server:/home/cali#
root@sanchuang-server:/home/cali#
root@sanchuang-server:/home/cali#
root@sanchuang-server:/home/cali#

**centos8里不需要安装mariadb-server

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1.在宿主机上安装mariadb的客户端软件，获得mysql命令**

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yum  install  mariadb 

2.启动mysql的容器

docker run --name sc-mysql-1 -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD='sc123456' -d -p 3306:3306  mysql:5.7.35

[root@sc-docker web]# docker run --name sc-mysql-1 -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD='sc123456' -d -p 3306:3306  mysql:5.7.35
a4078e1a7ea1bec6f752d29773292513aa5e5fd3ba8109024f53a3e3b47c6791
[root@sc-docker web]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS          PORTS            NAMES
a4078e1a7ea1   mysql:5.7.35        "docker-entrypoint.s…"   5 seconds ago       Up 3 seconds    0.0.0.0:3306->3306/tcp, :::3306->3306/tcp,33060/tcp   sc-mysql-1
b874459462b2   daocloud.io/nginx   "/docker-entrypoint.…"   About an hour ago   Up 58 minutes   0.0.0.0:8092->80/tcp, :::8092->80/tcp            sc-zhengbo-3
[root@sc-docker web]#

3.去访问 可以是其他的机器 -h 指定连接服务器的ip地址*

root@sanchuang-server:/home/cali# mysql -h 192.168.0.17 -uroot -psc123456

Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \\g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.35 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.

Type 'help;' or '\\h' for help. Type '\\c' to clear the current input statement.

MySQL [(none)]> show databases; 查看有哪些数据库

+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
+--------------------+
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4. rows in set (0.002 sec)**

MySQL [(none)]> exit 退出
Bye
root@sanchuang-server:/home/cali#

在centos上测试连接到MySQL

[root@sc-docker web]# mysql -h 192.168.0.17 -uroot -psc123456
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \\g.
Your MySQL connection id is 7
Server version: 5.7.35 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.

Type 'help;' or '\\h' for help. Type '\\c' to clear the current input statement.

MySQL [(none)]> exit
Bye
[root@sc-docker web]#

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总结:

提示：这里对文章进行总结：

1.这是个nginx的小实验,可以拿来练练手,用来熟悉一下 docker 和 nginx之间的操作,非常不错,如果这个练习你全部会做,说明你针的很不戳!!!

2.如果有不懂的可以参考我的上一篇文章,这样你会好理解一点.

https://blog.csdn.net/qq_45737042/article/details/119800995

如果还是有问题可以留言或者私信哈,有问必答.

3.多练多练多练,或许有人说我啰嗦和废话,但真的希望你多敲一敲啦>–<

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4.如果你看到这里了,麻烦👍 + 关注哈,感谢支持,码字不易,谢谢理解.

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