Linux安装搭建docker环境

Posted 2021-08-08 白-胖-子

yum安装docker

1. 基础环境配置

1.1删除已安装docker:

yum remove docker \\
                 docker-client \\
                 docker-client-latest \\
                 docker-common \\
                 docker-latest \\
                 docker-latest-logrotate \\
                 docker-logrotate \\
                 docker-engine

1.2 安装必要的工具和依赖

yum install -y yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2

1.3 下载docker源repo

 wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo

1.4 替换docker安装源为国内清华大学源

 sed -i 's+download.docker.com+mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/docker-ce+' /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo

1.5 刷新yum缓存

yum makecache

2. yum安装docker

2.1 使用yum安装docek-ce及客户端

 yum -y install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io

2.2 查看安装内容

 yum list docker-ce --showduplicates | sort -r

[root@C8-189 ~]# yum list docker-ce --showduplicates | sort -r
Last metadata expiration check: 0:10:35 ago on Fri 09 Jul 2021 09:08:31 PM CST.
Installed Packages
docker-ce.x86_64               3:20.10.7-3.el8                 docker-ce-stable 
docker-ce.x86_64               3:20.10.7-3.el8                 @docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64               3:20.10.6-3.el8                 docker-ce-stable 
docker-ce.x86_64               3:20.10.5-3.el8                 docker-ce-stable 
docker-ce.x86_64               3:20.10.4-3.el8                 docker-ce-stable 
docker-ce.x86_64               3:20.10.3-3.el8                 docker-ce-stable 
docker-ce.x86_64               3:20.10.2-3.el8                 docker-ce-stable 
docker-ce.x86_64               3:20.10.1-3.el8                 docker-ce-stable 
docker-ce.x86_64               3:20.10.0-3.el8                 docker-ce-stable 
docker-ce.x86_64               3:19.03.15-3.el8                docker-ce-stable 
docker-ce.x86_64               3:19.03.14-3.el8                docker-ce-stable 
docker-ce.x86_64               3:19.03.13-3.el8                docker-ce-stable 
Available Packages

2.3 启动docekr服务并设为开机运行

systemctl enable --now docker

3. 测试docker

3.1 查看docker版本信息

docker version

[root@C8-189 ~]# docker version 
Client: Docker Engine - Community
 Version:           20.10.7
 API version:       1.41
 Go version:        go1.13.15
 Git commit:        f0df350
 Built:             Wed Jun  2 11:56:24 2021
 OS/Arch:           linux/amd64
 Context:           default
 Experimental:      true

Server: Docker Engine - Community
 Engine:
  Version:          20.10.7
  API version:      1.41 (minimum version 1.12)
  Go version:       go1.13.15
  Git commit:       b0f5bc3
  Built:            Wed Jun  2 11:54:48 2021
  OS/Arch:          linux/amd64
  Experimental:     false
 containerd:
  Version:          1.4.6
  GitCommit:        d71fcd7d8303cbf684402823e425e9dd2e99285d
 runc:
  Version:          1.0.0-rc95
  GitCommit:        b9ee9c6314599f1b4a7f497e1f1f856fe433d3b7
 docker-init:
  Version:          0.19.0
  GitCommit:        de40ad0

3.2 跑一个docker镜像实例

docker run hello-world

docker run hello-world
Unable to find image 'hello-world:latest' locally
latest: Pulling from library/hello-world
b8dfde127a29: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:2d6c8d5d693cd84097c6949fc0e9d4e72503555b64aed72f84bdd0dbea3d5ccb
Status: Downloaded newer image for hello-world:latest

Hello from Docker!
This message shows that your installation appears to be working correctly.

To generate this message, Docker took the following steps:
 1. The Docker client contacted the Docker daemon.
 2. The Docker daemon pulled the "hello-world" image from the Docker Hub.
    (amd64)
 3. The Docker daemon created a new container from that image which runs the
    executable that produces the output you are currently reading.
 4. The Docker daemon streamed that output to the Docker client, which sent it
    to your terminal.

To try something more ambitious, you can run an Ubuntu container with:
 $ docker run -it ubuntu bash

Share images, automate workflows, and more with a free Docker ID:
 https://hub.docker.com/

For more examples and ideas, visit:
 https://docs.docker.com/get-started/

3.3 验证docker网络

• docker安装好以后会自动生成一个虚拟桥接网卡docker0

[root@C8-189 ~]# ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc mq state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:0c:29:af:1a:22 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 10.0.0.189/24 brd 10.0.0.255 scope global noprefixroute eth0
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:feaf:1a22/64 scope link 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
3: docker0: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state DOWN group default 
    link/ether 02:42:92:c1:3d:0f brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 172.17.0.1/16 brd 172.17.255.255 scope global docker0
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::42:92ff:fec1:3d0f/64 scope link 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

3.4 验证docker信息

docker info

[root@C8-189 ~]# docker info
Client:
 Context:    default
 Debug Mode: false
 Plugins:
  app: Docker App (Docker Inc., v0.9.1-beta3)
  buildx: Build with BuildKit (Docker Inc., v0.5.1-docker)
  scan: Docker Scan (Docker Inc., v0.8.0)

Server:
 Containers: 1
  Running: 0
  Paused: 0
  Stopped: 1
 Images: 1
 Server Version: 20.10.7
 Storage Driver: overlay2
  Backing Filesystem: xfs
  Supports d_type: true
  Native Overlay Diff: true
  userxattr: false
 Logging Driver: json-file
 Cgroup Driver: cgroupfs
 Cgroup Version: 1
 Plugins:
  Volume: local
  Network: bridge host ipvlan macvlan null overlay
  Log: awslogs fluentd gcplogs gelf journald json-file local logentries splunk syslog
 Swarm: inactive
 Runtimes: io.containerd.runc.v2 io.containerd.runtime.v1.linux runc
 Default Runtime: runc
 Init Binary: docker-init
 containerd version: d71fcd7d8303cbf684402823e425e9dd2e99285d
 runc version: b9ee9c6314599f1b4a7f497e1f1f856fe433d3b7
 init version: de40ad0
 Security Options:
  seccomp
   Profile: default
 Kernel Version: 4.18.0-147.el8.x86_64
 Operating System: CentOS Linux 8 (Core)
 OSType: linux
 Architecture: x86_64
 CPUs: 2
 Total Memory: 1.764GiB
 Name: C8-189
 ID: I5LZ:2HOG:FT4T:OMIE:2SDL:VNC3:Y3GM:J4XD:ZP43:ARHJ:EGUD:T5VB
 Docker Root Dir: /var/lib/docker
 Debug Mode: false
 Registry: https://index.docker.io/v1/
 Labels:
 Experimental: false
 Insecure Registries:
  127.0.0.0/8
 Live Restore Enabled: false