Flutter 如何处理401 未授权的 Dio 拦截器

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原文

https://medium.com/@wmnkrishanmadushanka/how-to-handle-401-unauthorised-with-dio-interceptor-flutter-60398a914406

参考

  • https://pub.dev/packages/dio/versions/4.0.0
  • https://pub.dev/packages/flutter_secure_storage
  • https://pub.dev/packages/shared_preferences

正文

在本文中,我将解释如何使用 flutter dio (4.0.0)进行网络调用,以及如何在您的 flutter 应用程序中使用刷新令牌和访问令牌来处理授权时处理 401。

在阅读这篇文章之前,我希望你们对颤抖移动应用程序开发有一个基本的了解。

Basic Authentication flow with refresh and access tokens

正如您在上面的图中所看到的,很明显,在身份验证流中使用刷新和访问令牌时的流程是什么。登录后,您将获得两个称为刷新和访问的标记。此访问令牌快速过期(刷新令牌也过期,但是它将比访问令牌花费更多的时间)。当您使用过期的访问令牌发出请求时,响应中会出现状态码 401(未经授权)。在这种情况下,您必须从服务器请求一个新的令牌,并使用有效的访问令牌再次发出上一个请求。如果刷新令牌也已过期,您必须指示用户登录页面并强制再次登录。

Dio class

class DioUtil {
  static Dio _instance;//method for getting dio instance  Dio getInstance() {
    if (_instance == null) {
      _instance = createDioInstance();
    }
    return _instance;
  }

   Dio createDioInstance() {
    var dio = Dio();// adding interceptor    dio.interceptors.clear();
    dio.interceptors.add(InterceptorsWrapper(onRequest: (options, handler) {
      return handler.next(options);
    }, onResponse: (response, handler) {
      if (response != null) {
        return handler.next(response);
      } else {
        return null;
      }
    }, onError: (DioError e, handler) async {

        if (e.response != null) {
          if (e.response.statusCode == 401) {//catch the 401 here
            dio.interceptors.requestLock.lock();
            dio.interceptors.responseLock.lock();
            RequestOptions requestOptions = e.requestOptions;

            await refreshToken();
            Repository repository = Repository();
            var accessToken = await repository.readData("accessToken");
            final opts = new Options(method: requestOptions.method);
            dio.options.headers["Authorization"] = "Bearer " + accessToken;
            dio.options.headers["Accept"] = "*/*";
            dio.interceptors.requestLock.unlock();
            dio.interceptors.responseLock.unlock();
            final response = await dio.request(requestOptions.path,
                options: opts,
                cancelToken: requestOptions.cancelToken,
                onReceiveProgress: requestOptions.onReceiveProgress,
                data: requestOptions.data,
                queryParameters: requestOptions.queryParameters);
            if (response != null) {
              handler.resolve(response);
            } else {
              return null;
            }
          } else {
            handler.next(e);
          }
        }

    }));
    return dio;
  }

  static refreshToken() async {
    Response response;
    Repository repository = Repository();
    var dio = Dio();
    final Uri apiUrl = Uri.parse(BASE_PATH + "auth/reIssueAccessToken");
    var refreshToken = await repository.readData("refreshToken");
    dio.options.headers["Authorization"] = "Bearer " + refreshToken;
    try {
      response = await dio.postUri(apiUrl);
      if (response.statusCode == 200) {
        LoginResponse loginResponse =
            LoginResponse.fromJson(jsonDecode(response.toString()));
        repository.addValue('accessToken', loginResponse.data.accessToken);
        repository.addValue('refreshToken', loginResponse.data.refreshToken);
      } else {
        print(response.toString()); //TODO: logout
      }
    } catch (e) {
      print(e.toString()); //TODO: logout
    }
  }
}

以上是完整的课程,我将解释其中最重要的部分。

主要是,正如您在 createDioInstance 方法中看到的,您必须添加一个拦截器来捕获 401。当 401 发生在 error: (DioError e,handler) async {}被调用时。所以你的内心

  1. Check the error code(401), 检查错误代码(401) ,
  2. Get new access token 获取新的访问令牌
await refreshToken();

上面的代码将调用 refreshToken 方法并在存储库中存储新的刷新和访问令牌。(对于存储库,您可以使用 secure storage or shared preferences)

  1. 复制前一个请求并设置新的访问令牌
RequestOptions requestOptions = e.requestOptions;
Repository repository = Repository();
var accessToken = await repository.readData("accessToken");
final opts = new Options(method: requestOptions.method);
dio.options.headers["Authorization"] = "Bearer " + accessToken;
dio.options.headers["Accept"] = "*/*";
  1. Make the previous call again
final response = await dio.request(requestOptions.path,
    options: opts,
    cancelToken: requestOptions.cancelToken,
    onReceiveProgress: requestOptions.onReceiveProgress,
    data: requestOptions.data,
    queryParameters: requestOptions.queryParameters);

一旦收到回复,就 call

handler.resolve(response);

然后响应将被发送到您调用 api 的位置,如下所示。

var dio = DioUtil().getInstance();
final String apiUrl = (BASE_PATH + "payments/addNewPayment/");
var accessToken = await repository.readData("accessToken");
dio.options.headers["Authorization"] = "Bearer " + accessToken;
dio.options.headers["Accept"] = "*/*";//response will be assigned to response variable
response = await dio.post(apiUrl, data: event.paymentRequest.toJson());

Thats all. happy coding 😃


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