ansible实现服务器批量初始化
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通过ansible的playbook实现服务器批量初始化工作，会节省大量时间，提高工作效率
ansible模块目录结构
$ tree roles/ roles/ └── base ├── defaults ├── files │ ├── puppet.conf │ ├── yum65.repo │ ├── yum67.repo │ └── yum.repo ├── handlers │ └── main.yml ├── meta ├── tasks │ ├── chkconfig.yml │ ├── hostname.yml │ ├── main.yml │ ├── ntpd.yml │ ├── puppet.yml │ ├── repo.yml │ └── route.yml ├── templates │ ├── hosts.j2 │ └── static-routes.j2 └── vars └── main.yml 8 directories, 16 files
入口文件的site.yml
$ more site.yml --- - hosts: all remote_user: test become: yes become_method: sudo roles: - base
模版文件template
修改主机名
$ more base/templates/hosts.j2
127.0.0.1 {{ ansible_fqdn }} localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1 {{ ansible_fqdn }} localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
10.0.0.1 puppet.server
添加静态路由，需要重启网络
$ more base/templates/static-routes.j2
any net 10.0.0.0/8 gw {{ gateway }}
any net 172.0.0.0/8 gw {{ gateway }}
any net 192.168.1.0/24 gw {{ gateway }}可以在base/vars/main.yml中定义变量，由于环境特殊，我在命令行中使用变量。
yml中定义使用变量的格式如下 name:value
task中的入口文件
$ more base/tasks/main.yml --- - include: ntpd.yml - include: repo.yml - include: route.yml - include: hostname.yml - include: chkconfig.yml - include: puppet.yml
时间同步
$ more base/tasks/ntpd.yml
---
- name: sync datatime
command: /usr/sbin/ntpdate 202.120.2.101
- name: sync hwclock
command: /sbin/hwclock -w
更具不同系统版本配置yum源
$ more base/tasks/repo.yml
---
- name: configure RedHat5 yum repo
copy: force=yes src=yum.repo dest=/etc/yum.repos.d/rhel-debuginfo.repo owner=root group=root mode=0644
when: ansible_distribution_major_version == ‘5‘
- name: configure RedHat6.5 yum repo
copy: force=yes src=yum65.repo dest=/etc/yum.repos.d/rhel-debuginfo.repo owner=root group=root mode=0644
when: ansible_distribution_version == ‘6.5‘
- name: configure RedHat6.7 yum repo
copy: force=yes src=yum67.repo dest=/etc/yum.repos.d/rhel-debuginfo.repo owner=root group=root mode=0644
when: ansible_distribution_version == ‘6.7‘
配置路由
$ more base/tasks/route.yml
- name: config static route
template: force=yes src=static-routes.j2 dest=/etc/sysconfig/static-routes owner=root group=root mode=0644
notify: restart network
批量配置服务器的hostname(动态inventory脚本实现)
$ more base/tasks/hostname.yml
---
- name: install facter
yum: name=facter state=latest
- name: install rubygem-json
yum: name=rubygem-json state=latest
- hostname: name={{ hostname }}
- name : gather facts again
setup :
- name: config hosts
template: force=yes src=hosts.j2 dest=/etc/hosts owner=root group=root mode=0644
关闭iptables，sendmail和selinux
$ more base/tasks/chkconfig.yml
- name: chkconfig off iptables
shell: /sbin/chkconfig iptables off
- name: stop iptables
service: name=iptables state=stopped
- name: chkconfig off sendmail
shell: /sbin/chkconfig sendmail off
- name: stop sendmail
service: name=sendmail state=stopped
- name: stop selinux
command: /sbin/setenforce 0
初始化节点的puppet
$ more base/tasks/puppet.yml
---
- name: install puppet
yum: name=puppet state=latest
register: result
ignore_errors: True
- name: puppet config file
copy: force=yes src=puppet.conf dest=/etc/puppet/puppet.conf owner=root group=root mode=0644
when: result.rc==0
- name: run puppet
shell: /usr/bin/puppet agent -t执行结果如下：
$ ansible-playbook -i inventory.py site.yml --extra-vars "gateway=‘10.44.245.65‘" PLAY [all] ********************************************************************* TASK [setup] ******************************************************************* ok: [10.44.245.85] TASK [base : sync datatime] **************************************************** changed: [10.44.245.85] TASK [base : sync hwclock] ***************************************************** changed: [10.44.245.85] TASK [base : configure RedHat5 yum repo] *************************************** ok: [10.44.245.85] TASK [base : configure RedHat6.5 yum repo] ************************************* skipping: [10.44.245.85] TASK [base : configure RedHat6.7 yum repo] ************************************* skipping: [10.44.245.85] TASK [base : config static route] ********************************************** ok: [10.44.245.85] TASK [base : install facter] *************************************************** ok: [10.44.245.85] TASK [base : install rubygem-json] ********************************************* ok: [10.44.245.85] TASK [base : hostname] ********************************************************* ok: [10.44.245.85] TASK [base : gather facts again] *********************************************** ok: [10.44.245.85] TASK [base : config hosts] ***************************************************** ok: [10.44.245.85] TASK [base : chkconfig off iptables] ****************************************** changed: [10.44.245.85] TASK [base : stop iptables] **************************************************** ok: [10.44.245.85] TASK [base : chkconfig off sendmail] ****************************************** changed: [10.44.245.85] TASK [base : stop sendmail] **************************************************** ok: [10.44.245.85] TASK [base : install puppet] *************************************************** ok: [10.44.245.85] TASK [base : puppet config file] *********************************************** ok: [10.44.245.85] PLAY RECAP ********************************************************************* 10.44.245.85 : ok=16 changed=4 unreachable=0 failed=0 gather facts again ----------------------------------------------------- 19.88s install puppet ---------------------------------------------------------- 6.99s install rubygem-json ---------------------------------------------------- 5.50s install facter ---------------------------------------------------------- 5.48s stop sendmail ----------------------------------------------------------- 3.51s ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3.27s configure RedHat5 yum repo ---------------------------------------------- 2.44s sync datatime ----------------------------------------------------------- 2.37s puppet config file ------------------------------------------------------ 2.16s sync hwclock ------------------------------------------------------------ 2.02s Playbook finished: Fri Feb 17 18:11:30 2017, 17 total tasks. 0:01:02 elapsed. 如有不足欢迎大家多多提供宝贵建议
本文出自 “Linux之旅” 博客，请务必保留此出处http://openlinuxfly.blog.51cto.com/7120723/1898927
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