rac恢复到单实例（自动生成命令）
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1、将使用rman备份的rac的备份文件传输到异地单节点上
[oracle@ora0 ~]$ ls /data_back/racbk/
20120514_3snav1p2_1_1.bk 40nav1sh_1_1_20120514.arc 43nav1sh_1_1_20120514.arc 48nav1vu_1_1_20120514.ctl
20120514_3tnav1p2_1_1.bk 41nav1sh_1_1_20120514.arc 44nav1t7_1_1_20120514.arc
20120514_3unav1pa_1_1.bk 42nav1sh_1_1_20120514.arc 46nav1uq_1_1_20120514.spfil
2、解决pfile
[oracle@ora0 ~]$ rman target /
RMAN> startup
startup failed: ORA-01078: failure in processing system parameters
LRM-00109: could not open parameter file \'/u01/oracle/product/10.2.0/dbs/initora10g.ora\'
starting Oracle instance without parameter file for retrival of spfile
Oracle instance started
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-03002: failure of startup command at 05/14/2012 13:17:11
ORA-00205: error in identifying control file, check alert log for more info
#############报错，不用理会############################
恢复spfile
RMAN> restore spfile from \'/data_back/racbk/46nav1uq_1_1_20120514.spfil\';
连入sql界面
SQL> conn /as sysdba
Connected.
SQL> select status from v$instance;
STATUS
------------
STARTED
SQL> create pfile from spfile;
File created.
删除spfile 修改pfile
从RAC数据库中创建参数文件，如果RAC使用PFILE，可以直接COPY后修改。
修改的参数有： audit_file_dest, background_dump_dest, core_dump_dest,user_dump_dest, log_archive_dest_1等，
与路径有关的参数，修改为你单实例环境的对应路径。如：
background_dump_dest=/u01/oracle/ora/9.2.0/admin/DEV_dbtest/bdump
重要的： 移除cluster_database_instances，cluster_database参数，因为恢复到的是单实例环境。
移除一个UNDO_TABLESPACE设置,这里假设保留的是APPS_UNDOTBS1
#############################
*.audit_file_dest=\'/u01/oracle/admin/db/adump\'
*.background_dump_dest=\'/u01/oracle/admin/db/bdump\'
*.compatible=\'10.2.0.1.0\'
*.control_files=\'/u01/oracle/product/10.2.0/dbs/control_01.ctl\'
*.core_dump_dest=\'/u01/oracle/admin/db/cdump\'
*.db_block_size=8192
*.db_domain=\'\'
*.db_file_multiblock_read_count=16
*.db_name=\'db\'
*.job_queue_processes=10
*.log_archive_dest_1=\'LOCATION=/home/oracle/arc\'
*.open_cursors=300
*.pga_aggregate_target=94371840
*.processes=150
*.remote_login_passwordfile=\'exclusive\'
*.sga_target=283115520
*.undo_management=\'AUTO\'
undo_tablespace=\'UNDOTBS1\'
*.user_dump_dest=\'/u01/oracle/admin/db/udump\'
################################################
SQL> startup nomount;
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 285212672 bytes
Fixed Size 2020224 bytes
Variable Size 92277888 bytes
Database Buffers 188743680 bytes
Redo Buffers 2170880 bytes
SQL>
3、恢复控制文件，启动数据库到mount状态
RMAN> restore controlfile from \'/data_back/racbk/48nav1vu_1_1_20120514.ctl\';
RMAN> alter database mount;
database mounted
released channel: ORA_DISK
4、修改数据文件和日志文件路径
select \'set newname for datafile \'||chr(39)||name||chr(39)||\' to \'||chr(39)||replace(name,\'+DG0/db/datafile/\',\'/home/oracle/data2/\')||chr(39)||\';\' from v$datafile;
#######################
SQL> select \'set newname for datafile \'||chr(39)||name||chr(39)||\' to \'||chr(39)||replace(name,\'+DG0/db/datafile/\',\'/home/oracle/data2/\')||chr(39)||\';\' from v$datafile;
\'SETNEWNAMEFORDATAFILE\'||CHR(39)||NAME||CHR(39)||\'TO\'||CHR(39)||REPLACE(NAME,\'+DG0/DB/DATAFILE/\',\'/HOME/ORACLE/DATA2/\')||CHR(39)||\';\'
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
set newname for datafile \'+DG0/db/datafile/sysaux.257.780159407\' to \'/home/oracle/data2/sysaux.257.780159407\';
set newname for datafile \'+DG0/db/datafile/system.256.780159407\' to \'/home/oracle/data2/system.256.780159407\';
set newname for datafile \'+DG0/db/datafile/timelineweb01.dbf\' to \'/home/oracle/data2/timelineweb01.dbf\';
set newname for datafile \'+DG0/db/datafile/undotbs1.258.780159409\' to \'/home/oracle/data2/undotbs1.258.780159409\';
set newname for datafile \'+DG0/db/datafile/undotbs2.264.780159511\' to \'/home/oracle/data2/undotbs2.264.780159511\';
set newname for datafile \'+DG0/db/datafile/users.259.780159409\' to \'/home/oracle/data2/users.259.780159409\';
6 rows selected.
######################
5. 恢复数据库到新的目录（我的环境是原来是RAW恢复到文件系统）
select \'alter database rename file \'||chr(39)||member||chr(39)||\' to \'||chr(39)||replace(member,\'+DG0/db/onlinelog/\',\'/home/oracle/data2/\')||chr(39)||\';\' from v$logfile;
SQL> select \'alter database rename file \'||chr(39)||member||chr(39)||\' to \'||chr(39)||replace(member,\'+DG0/db/onlinelog/\',\'/home/oracle/data2/\')||chr(39)||\';\' from v$logfile;
\'ALTERDATABASERENAMEFILE\'||CHR(39)||MEMBER||CHR(39)||\'TO\'||CHR(39)||REPLACE(MEMBER,\'+DG0/DB/ONLINELOG/\',\'/HOME/ORACLE/DATA2/\')||CHR(39)||\';\'
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
alter database rename file \'+DG0/db/onlinelog/group_2.262.780159469\' to \'/home/oracle/data2/group_2.262.780159469\';
alter database rename file \'+DG0/db/onlinelog/group_1.261.780159467\' to \'/home/oracle/data2/group_1.261.780159467\';
alter database rename file \'+DG0/db/onlinelog/group_3.265.780159539\' to \'/home/oracle/data2/group_3.265.780159539\';
alter database rename file \'+DG0/db/onlinelog/group_4.266.780159539\' to \'/home/oracle/data2/group_4.266.780159539\';
在sql界面执行与日志文件有关的语句：
alter database rename file \'+DG0/db/onlinelog/group_2.262.780159469\' to \'/home/oracle/data2/group_2.262.780159469\';
alter database rename file \'+DG0/db/onlinelog/group_1.261.780159467\' to \'/home/oracle/data2/group_1.261.780159467\';
alter database rename file \'+DG0/db/onlinelog/group_3.265.780159539\' to \'/home/oracle/data2/group_3.265.780159539\';
alter database rename file \'+DG0/db/onlinelog/group_4.266.780159539\' to \'/home/oracle/data2/group_4.266.780159539\';
在rman界面执行如下脚本：
RMAN> catalog start with \'/data_back/racbk/\';
查出catalog的scn号
Rman > list backup #找出最大的scn
然后运行如下脚本
run {
set newname for datafile \'+DG0/db/datafile/sysaux.257.780159407\' to \'/home/oracle/data2/sysaux.257.780159407\';
set newname for datafile \'+DG0/db/datafile/system.256.780159407\' to \'/home/oracle/data2/system.256.780159407\';
set newname for datafile \'+DG0/db/datafile/timelineweb01.dbf\' to \'/home/oracle/data2/timelineweb01.dbf\';
set newname for datafile \'+DG0/db/datafile/undotbs1.258.780159409\' to \'/home/oracle/data2/undotbs1.258.780159409\';
set newname for datafile \'+DG0/db/datafile/undotbs2.264.780159511\' to \'/home/oracle/data2/undotbs2.264.780159511\';
set newname for datafile \'+DG0/db/datafile/users.259.780159409\' to \'/home/oracle/data2/users.259.780159409\';
set until scn 1385018;
restore database ;
switch datafile all;
recover database;
}
6，打开数据库
SQL> alter database open resetlogs;
Database altered.
7、
处理临时文件：
先创建一个临时表空间temp1
SQL> create temporary tablespace temp1 tempfile \'/home/oracle/data2/temp2.dbf\' size 512m autoextend on next 1m maxsize unlimited;
Tablespace created.
SQL> alter database default temporary tablespace temp1;
Database altered.
删掉不用的undo表空间及文件
SQL> select tablespace_name,status from dba_data_files;
TABLESPACE_NAME STATUS
------------------------------ ---------
USERS AVAILABLE
SYSAUX AVAILABLE
UNDOTBS1 AVAILABLE
SYSTEM AVAILABLE
UNDOTBS2 AVAILABLE
TIMELINEWEB AVAILABLE
6 rows selected.
SQL> show parameter undo
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
undo_management string AUTO
undo_retention integer 900
undo_tablespace string UNDOTBS1
SQL> drop tablespace undotbs2 including contents and datafiles;
Tablespace dropped.
SQL>
删除通过RMAN回复过来的临时文件。完成临时文件的整个处理过程。
SQL> drop tablespace temp including contents and datafiles;
Tablespace dropped.
删除不用的日志
select thread#,status,enabled from v$thread; --查找thread，那个可以删除
SQL> select thread#,status,enabled from v$thread;
THREAD# STATUS ENABLED
---------- ------ --------
1 OPEN PUBLIC
2 CLOSED PUBLIC
SQL> select * from v$log;
GROUP# THREAD# SEQUENCE# BYTES MEMBERS ARC STATUS FIRST_CHANGE# FIRST_TIM
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- --- ---------------- ------------- ---------
1 1 0 52428800 1 YES UNUSED 0
2 1 1 52428800 1 NO CURRENT 1385019 14-MAY-12
3 2 0 52428800 1 YES UNUSED 0
4 2 1 52428800 1 NO CURRENT 1385019 14-MAY-12
SQL> select * from v$logfile;
GROUP# STATUS TYPE MEMBER IS_
---------- ------- ------- --------------------------------------------- ---
2 ONLINE /home/oracle/data2/group_2.262.780159469 NO
1 ONLINE /home/oracle/data2/group_1.261.780159467 NO
3 ONLINE /home/oracle/data2/group_3.265.780159539 NO
4 ONLINE /home/oracle/data2/group_4.266.780159539 NO
SQL> ALTER DATABASE DISABLE THREAD 2;
Database altered.
SQL> alter database drop logfile group 3
2 ;
Database altered.
SQL> alter database drop logfile group 4;
alter database drop logfile group 4
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-00350: log 4 of instance db2 (thread 2) needs to be archived
ORA-00312: online log 4 thread 2: \'/home/oracle/data2/group_4.266.780159539\'
SQL> alter database clear unarchived logfile group 4;
Database altered.
SQL> alter database drop logfile group 4;
Database altered.
SQL> select * from v$log;
GROUP# THREAD# SEQUENCE# BYTES MEMBERS ARC STATUS FIRST_CHANGE# FIRST_TIM
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- --- ---------------- ------------- ---------
1 1 0 52428800 1 YES UNUSED 0
2 1 1 52428800 1 NO CURRENT 1385019 14-MAY-12
SQL> select * from v$logfile;
GROUP# STATUS TYPE MEMBER IS_
---------- ------- ------- --------------------------------------------- ---
2 ONLINE /home/oracle/data2/group_2.262.780159469 NO
1 ONLINE /home/oracle/data2/group_1.261.780159467 NO
SQL>
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